Embedded Files
Phase A: Preliminary Analysis
The Project creates a preliminary design and project plan as a proof of concept specifying what to build, when to launch, the course the spacecraft is to take, what is to be done during cruise, when the spacecraft will reach the target, and what operations will be carried out. The preliminary plan also addresses build-versus-buy decisions, what spacecraft instruments are needed, where system tests will be performed, who performs mission operations, what ground data system capabilities are required, and who the experimenters are. Generally speaking, publication of the preliminary plan with costing data marks the completion of Phase A: Preliminary Analysis.
Phase B: Definition
The definition phase converts the preliminary plan into a baseline technical solution. Requirements are defined, schedules are determined, and specifications are prepared to initiate system design and development. Major reviews commonly conducted as part of the definition phase are: System Requirements Review, System Design Review, and Non-Advocate Review. The proposed experiments are divided into two classes based on facilities and experimenters. The facilities form teams around a designated set of hardware. Facilities are selected based on existing resources and past performance. Experimenters were specified in the preliminary plan. However, individuals are encouraged to respond with modifications and to step forward with their own ideas. These ideas could include the addition of another experiment.
Phase C/D: Design and DevelopmentDuring the design and development phase, schedules are negotiated, and the space flight system is designed and developed. The phase begins with building and integrating subsystems and experiments into a single spacecraft. In a process called ATLO (Assembly, Test, and Launch Operations) the spacecraft is assembled integrated, tested, launched, deployed, and verified. Prior to launch, though, the complete spacecraft is Galileo in test tested together in a simulated interplanetary space environment. Voyager, Ulysses, Galileo, Cassini, and many more spacecraft have undergone extensive testing in JPL's 25-foot diameter solar-thermal-vacuum chamber. The image at right shows the Galileo spacecraft preparing for its turn. Click the image for a larger view.
Operations Phase
Operations phase E is also called MO&DA for Mission Operations and Data Analysis. It includes flying the spacecraft and obtaining science data for which the mission was designed.
Pre-Phase A
Conceptual Study
Phase A
Preliminary Analysis
Phase B
Definition
Phase C/D
Design
&
Development
Operations Phase
MO&DA
(Mission Ops & Data Analysis)
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS REVIEW
SYSTEM DESIGN REVIEW
NON-ADVOCATE REVIEW
PRELIMINARY DESIGN REVIEW
CRITICAL DESIGN REVIEW
TEST READINESS REVIEW
FLIGHT READINESS REVIEW
PRIMARY MISSION
EXTENDED MISSION
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