Restriction Enzyme Using NEBcutter-Lab

• Binary fission is a type of reproduction in which the chromosome is replicated and the resultant prokaryote is an exact copy of the parental prokaryate, thus leaving no opportunity for genetic diversity.

• Transformation is a type of prokaryotic reproduction in which a prokaryote can take up DNA found within the environment that has originated from other prokaryotes.

• Transduction is a type of prokaryotic reproduction in which a prokaryote is infected by a virus which injects short pieces of chromosomal DNA from one bacterium to another.

• Conjugation is a type of prokaryotic reproduction in which DNA is transferred between prokaryotes by means of a pilus.

Key Terms

• transformation: the alteration of a bacterial cell caused by the transfer of DNA from another, especially if pathogenic

• transduction: horizontal gene transfer mechanism in prokaryotes where genes are transferred using a virus

• binary fission: the process whereby a cell divides asexually to produce two daughter cells

• conjugation: the temporary fusion of organisms, especially as part of sexual reproduction

• pilus: a hairlike appendage found on the cell surface of many bacteria

Chapter 4 Review Guide