Knee is a complex hinge joint offering a wide range of motion with excellent stability. It is supported by ligaments and bulky muscle groups from all sides. Knee pain is a common out-patient diagnosis and is usually because of either a traumatic/twisting injury or due to basic biomechanical abnormality. The anatomical variations that might lead to a knee pain are:

• Abnormal Q angle
• Exaggerated lumbar lordosis
• Genu valgus
• Genu varus
• Hyper-pronated feet
• Knee and patellar ligamentous laxity
• Knee extensor and flexor muscle strength imbalance
• Overuse
• Patella alta
• Patellar chondromalacia
• Patellar maltracking
• Tight Achilles tendon

These need to be ruled out as a causative factor of knee pain by clinical evauation. The patients may present with pain along with other symptoms like:

• Painful range of motion
• Painful terminal restriction of motion
• Locking/Catching feel
• Grating/crackling sensation
• Loose body sensation
• Instability
• Unconfident walking/running/jumping
• Stiffness
• Swelling
• Lack of muscle bulk

These all symptoms are inter-related and overlapping symptoms are commonly present. The common clinical conditions presentin to us include:

• Shin Spints
• Quadriceps Injuries
• Anterior Knee pain
• Patellar tendinitis
• Chondromalacia