Pre-AP GwS UNIT1
[Geometry with Statistics]
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[Geometry with Statistics]
Explore Venn diagrams as useful displays for organizing categorical data that also allow probabilities associated with the data to be determined.
Formalize the concepts and notation for union and intersection and to develop reasoning skills related to probabilities with the help of a Venn diagram.
Develop and use reasoning skills to answer a conditional probability problems.
An extremely useful display for categorical data is a contingency table, which is also called a two-way table. In this part of the lesson, we learn how to create contingency tables and use them to calculate probabilities related to the data sets they display.
Explore how contingency tables can be used to answer questions about categorical data sets by finding relative frequencies, marginal frequencies, and conditional probabilities. The categorical variables will often have more than two properties to consider.
Contingency tables, like Venn diagrams, provide a way to display categorical data. Because they are used to show the relationship between two categorical variables, they are also called two-way tables. Contingency tables are particularly helpful displays when both of the categories have multiple properties.
For example, while a Venn diagram can show the relationship between the categories “is in an extracurricular activity” and “takes a world language class,” a contingency table can be used to further sort the extracurricular activities into marching band, drama club, and soccer, and the world language classes into Spanish, Arabic, and Chinese.
As with Venn diagrams, contingency tables can be useful for answering probability questions about categorical data sets.