BSD

GhostBSD

Admin

List all services enabled:

service -e

Emptying a log file:

sudo cp /dev/null /var/log/nginx/error.log

Setting keyboard to Spanish .Add this code to .xprofile file:

#!/bin/sh

setxkbmap -layout es

Networking

pciconf -lv | grep -A1 -B3 network

ifconfig | grep -B 3 802.11

cat /etc/rc.conf | grep wlan0

cat /boot/loader.conf

cat /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

sysctl net.wlan.devices

kldstat

https://wiki.freebsd.org/WiFi/FAQ?highlight=%28%5CbCategoryHowTo%5Cb%29
https://www.freebsd.org/releases/13.2R/hardware/
https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iwm&sektion=4&format=html
https://freebsdfoundation.org/freebsd-project/resourcesold/networking-basics-wifi-and-bluetooth/
https://kukunotes.wordpress.com/2020/09/15/freebsd-wireless-networking-static-and-dynamic-ip-configuration/

Tarjeta de red: TP-Link Archer T5E AC 7265 PCIe

Adaptador: iwn(4)

Apps

Godot

pkg search godot

PKG: https://pkgs.org/download/godot-tools

VSCode

pkg search vscode

Browsers

Firefox
Librewolf
Chromium
Ungoogled Chromium
Iridium

Netflix

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBYor4wL62Q

https://github.com/mrclksr/linux-browser-installer/tree/main

Other Packages

blender, gimp, krita, inkscape, darktable, kdenlive, shotcut, openshot, obs-studio, simplescreenrecorder, audacity, vlc, ffmpeg

freecad, librecad, openscad, solvespace

pkg

pkg search <package>: Buscar si package existe en el repositorio

pkg search -f <package>: Buscar información de package en el repositorio

pkg info <package>: Información sobre un package instalado

pkg info: Listado de todos los packages y librerías instaladas.

pkg prime-list: Listado de todos los packages principales instalados.

pkg update: Update the local package respository catalogue

pkg update -f: Update the local package repository catalogue to the Latest branch

pkg upgrade: Upgrade installed packages to the latest version

pkg lock <package>: Lock installed package from reinstallation, upgrading, etc

pkg unlock <package>: Unlock installed package from reinstallation, upgrading, etc

pkg audit -F: Determine if there is a known vulnerability for the software installed in the system

pkg install <package>: Install package

pkg delete <package>: Remove package

pkg autoremove: Auto detect and remove unrequired dependencies

pkg clean: Remove binary packages in cache of latest installed packages

pkg clean -a: Clear the entire cache

Ports

Download the ports tree:

sudo git clone https://git.FreeBSD.org/ports.git /usr/ports

Update the ports tree:

sudo git -C /usr/ports/ pull

In GhostBSD, in order to compile any port, you need to first install os-generic-userland-devtools:

sudo pkg install os-generic-userland-devtools

Compile nginx port:

cd /usr/ports/www/nginx

make install clean

nVidia drivers

Download the nVidia driver:

sudo pkg install nvidia-driver

Run this command to add nvidia-modeset to /etc/rc.conf:

sudo sysrc kld_list+=nvidia-modeset

Create the file /usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/driver-nvidia.conf with this content:

Section "Device"

Identifier "NVIDIA Card"

VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"

Driver "nvidia"

BusID "PCI:1:0:0"

EndSection

Reboot

Note: You can check the BusID needed by running: pciconf -lv | grep -B3 display

Sound

cat /dev/sndstat

dmesg | grep pcm

mixer -f /dev/mixer4

Edit /etc/sysctl.conf:

hw.snd.default_unit=4

If you have installed the nVidia drivers, change the above setting to hw.snd.default_unit=8

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/361167/freebsd-no-automatic-switching-between-sound-in-speaker-and-built-in-headphones

Hardware

geom disk list

geom disk list | grep Mediasize

camcontrol devlist

gpart show

sysctl kern.disks

sysctl -a | less

diskinfo -v ada0

devinfo

usbconfig

webcamd

pciconf -lv

dmesg

ifconfig

apm

cat /etc/rc.conf

cat /boot/loader.conf

cat /etc/sysctl.conf

ls /usr/local/etc/rc.d/

ls /boot/kernel

ls /boot/modules

kldstat

kldunload

kldload

Temperature and fan speed: https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/high-temperature-and-fan-speed.88075/

Nginx

Start Server

sysrc nginx_enable=YES

service nginx start

Nginx default configuration file

/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

After making changes in the configuration file, run the command: sudo service nginx reload/restart

Nginx default DocumentRoot

/usr/local/www/nginx-dist/

Nginx default log files:

/var/log/nginx/access.log

/var/log/nginx/error.log

Nginx service commands:

Server Management

Stop web server: service nginx stop
Start server when it is stopped: service nginx start
Stop and start the server again: service nginx restart
If you are simply making configuration changes, you can reload Nginx without dropping any connections: service nginx reload

Check modules loaded

nginx -V 2>&1 | tr ' ' '\n'

Check open ipv4 ports

sockstat -4 -l

RTMP

https://docs.nginx.com/nginx/admin-guide/dynamic-modules/rtmp/

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module

After installing Nginx with the RTMP module, you have to load the module. Add the following line at the top of the nginx.conf file (/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf):

load_module /usr/local/libexec/nginx/ngx_rtmp_module.so;

VOD

https://github.com/kaltura/nginx-vod-module

Miscelanea

ffmpeg

Trimming the start and the end of a video file:

ffmpeg -ss 00:08 -to 02:36 -i file1.mkv -c copy file2.mkv

In the above example, if file1.mkv is a 3 minutes long video, the command will trim the first 8 seconds and the last 24 seconds and create file2.mkv wih that time stamps.

IMPORTANT: The above approach will select the closest key frames for the 00:08 time mark and the 02:36 time mark. This means that it will not cut exactly at 00:08 and 02:36. The benefit of this approach is that it will process quickly and will not lose quality.

If you want to ensure the exact time mark, you have to re-encode the file. It will take longer to process and the video file will lose quality. You can make the re-encoding by omitting the -c copy parameter:

ffmpeg -ss 00:08 -to 02:36 -i file1.mkv file2.mkv

Video On Demand

Different types of streaming: RTMP live, RTMP VOD, HTTP live, HTTP VOD

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t8ebB9Pxb2s

Resize a video to 720 maintaining the aspect ratio

ffmpeg -i sample-3.mp4 -vf "scale=-2:720" sample-3-hd.mp4

Converting mp4 to m3u8 (pre-packaging to HLS using ffmpeg)

ffmpeg -i original-video.mp4 -c copy -copyts -hls_time 6 -hls_playlist_type vod out.m3u8

ffmpeg -i original-video.mp4 -codec copy -vbsf h264_mp4toannexb -f segment -segment_list out.m3u8 -segment_time 10 -segment_format mpeg_ts -segment_list_type m3u8 out%04d.ts

Link: https://video.stackexchange.com/questions/23900/ffmpeg-hls-creation-overwriting-master-manifest

Playing m3u8

Move to the directory where the .m3u8 manifest file and .ts files are located and issue this command:

vlc file.m3u8

Converting mp4 to mpd (pre-packaging to MPEG-DASH using gpac (MP4Box)

MP4Box -dash 10000 -rap -out video.mpd -segment-name video_ original-video.mp4

Playing mpd

Move to the directory where the .mpd manifest file and .m4s files are located and issue this command:

vlc file.mpd

Streaming

Move to the directory where you have myvideo.mp4 and issue:

ffmpeg -re -i myvideo.mp4 -vcodec copy -loop -1 -c:a aac -b:a 160k -ar 44100 -strict -2 -f flv rtmp://localhost/live/foo

Converting mp4 to mpd using ffmpeg

To generate a master MPD file for MPEG-DASH streaming from an input .mp4 file using FFmpeg, you can use the following command:

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx264 -b:v 1080k -s 1920x1080 -profile:v high -level 4.2 -g 50 -keyint_min 50 -sc_threshold 0 -b_strategy 0 -c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100 -ac 2 -f dash 1080p.mp4

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx264 -b:v 720k -s 1280x720 -profile:v high -level 4.2 -g 50 -keyint_min 50 -sc_threshold 0 -b_strategy 0 -c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100 -ac 2 -f dash 720p.mp4

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx264 -b:v 480k -s 854x480 -profile:v high -level 4.2 -g 50 -keyint_min 50 -sc_threshold 0 -b_strategy 0 -c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100 -ac 2 -f dash 480p.mp4

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c:v libx264 -b:v 360k -s 640x360 -profile:v high -level 4.2 -g 50 -keyint_min 50 -sc_threshold 0 -b_strategy 0 -c:a aac -b:a 128k -ar 44100 -ac 2 -f dash 360p.mp4

This command generates four separate .mp4 files (1080p.mp4, 720p.mp4, 480p.mp4, 360p.mp4) for each version of the input .mp4 file, with a different bitrate and resolution for each version.

The "-i" option specifies the input file, and the "-c:v" and "-b:v" options specify the video codec and bitrate for each version. The "-s" option specifies the resolution for each version, and the "-c:a" and "-b:a" options specify the audio codec and bitrate. The "-f" option specifies the output format, which is set to "dash" for MPEG-DASH streaming.

-------------- ffmepg -------------

HOW TO SPLIT FILE IN 10 SECONDS CHUNKS

Method 1

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_time 10 -reset_timestamps 1 -segment_format_options movflags=+faststart out%03d.mp4

Link: https://askubuntu.com/questions/640214/split-a-large-video-file-into-small-clips-15-seconds-each

Method 2

Split file from 0 seconds mark for 10 seconds:

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 0 -t 10 output-1.mp4

Split file from 10 second mark for 10 seconds:

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 10 -t 10 output-2.mp4

Split file from 20 second mark for 10 seconds:

ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ss 20 -t 10 output-3.mp4

Link: https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1670/how-can-i-use-ffmpeg-to-split-mpeg-video-into-10-minute-chunks

----------------------------------

Necessary for playing VLC

sudo pkg install libva-vdpau-driver

Allow play/publish from all or specific domains

https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module/wiki/Directives#access

OpenBSD

Add user to doas

`doas` is like `sudo` in Linux. In order to add a user to `doas`, we must allow `keepenv` into the `:wheel` group:

# pkg install doas

# cp /etc/examples/doas.conf /etc

In order to make `doas` more persistent so we don't need to type the root password everytime, we can edit `/etc/doas.conf` so it looks like this:

permit persist keepenv :wheel

Install LXQt and Firefox

$ doas pkg_add lxqt firefox

Start LXQt automatically

1. Create `.xsession` file

2. Edit `.xsession` file and add `startlxqt`

Mount Pendrive

1. Find out pendrive device name:

$ doas sysctl hw.disknames

2. Find out information about the pendrive device:

$ disklabel sd1

3. Mounting & unmounting device:

doas mkdir /mnt/pen

doas mount /dev/sd1i /mnt/pen

doas umount /mnt/pen

Power off

shutdown -p now

Google Sites

Report abuse