Dynamic markings are markings that tell the player what dynamics to play. They help to express emotion in a piece by increasing or decreasing the volume.Â
On the right is a chart that compares the dynamic marking to what it is called, and how to play it.
There are also things called crescendos and diminuendos. Crescendos mean you gradually get louder, and diminuendos (also known as decrescendos) mean you gradually get quieter.
This is the beginning of Ballade No. 1 in G Minor by Chopin. In bar 1, it has a dynamic marking that says forte (loud), then in the following bar there is a diminuendo which goes into piano (quiet). Then in bar 6 and 8 there is also a piano.
Dynamic markings are very useful because they allow the performer to play and read dynamics. Without them, the performer will play it all at one tempo and it may get boring. They also tell you where to change dynamic, and if you change it gradually or slowly.