🇳🇱 The Netherlands: Loot Box Regulation
October 2025: Heavily referenced in the Autoriteit Consument en Markt [Authority for Consumers and Markets] (ACM) position paper ‘Better protection for players of video games: A specific response on gaming to the European Commission’s public consultation on the Digital Fairness Act’ (pp. 8, 11, 12, 17, 19, 23, fns 21, 22, 39, 52, 54, 76, 83, 97), which is part of the ACM’s response to the European Commission Digital Fairness Act consultation: Link.
July 2023: The Trimbos Institute report was relied upon by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs and Climate Policy to argue before the European Commission in favour of a ban on loot boxes by including it under Annex 1 of the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive: Link.
June 2023: Invited to discuss consumer protection issues surrounding video games in an expert roundtable organised by the Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets.
May 2023: Invited to discuss loot box regulation using a consumer protection framework with the Dutch Authority for Consumers and Markets.
December 2021: Cited in the Trimbos Institute report Risico’s voordelen en regulering van videogames [Risks, Benefits and Regulation of Video Games] commissioned by the Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek - en Documentatiecentrum (WODC) [Research and Data Centre] under the Dutch Ministry of Justice and Security (p. 70): Link.