Freight terminal

Freight yard

A key role for the smooth functioning of freight transportation.

Combine as a network on movements freight trains

Concentrate 4 major resources:

Track sidings
Various track installations
Shunting locomotive
Freight handling equipment to receive, operate and depart freight trains

Freight yard - Type 1

Petersen (1997), identified 3 types of freight yards:

I.Flat yards

The railcars are push and pulled

By shunting locomotive
Sorts them into the assigned track
These track lead into a flat shunting neck
One or both sides of the yard.

Freight yard - Type 2

II. Hump Yards

Largest and most complex railway yards
The feature of hump over which the railcars are pushed by the shunting locomotives.
Have 4 different components:

The receiving yard
Hump
Classification yard
Departure yard

Freight yard - Type 3

III. Gravity Yards

Designed with a continuous falling gradient
Different types of layout
Very large capacity
Natural slope so that the trains can rolling down themselves without the usage of the engine.

Rail freight location requirement

Terminal requirement

The terminal should be required to be:

Alongside existing railway line
Alongside a major highway route
Near the origin/destination of freight
Distant from residential develop
Adjacent to developable land

Identify & access potential site

Intermodal terminal equipment

A variety of equipment may be used to perform intermodal operations at a terminal. Equipment option is related to a number of factors including capital expenditure, capacity, stacking density, and productivity.

Rubber-tired gantry (RTG)

The is a fixed intermodal piece of equipment used in high-density terminals for loading and unloading railcars from trucks, as it can stretch up to four rail tracks.

It is also used for stacking operations where stacks of up to 4 full containers or 5 empty containers and can handle densities of up to 1,000 TEU per hectare.

It can service 8 to 9 trucks every hour, involving 30 to 40 container movements as containers have to be reshuffled within their stacks. The RTG has higher acquisition costs but lower operating costs and suits well with daily operations on container yards.

Rail-mounted gantry (RMG)

The rail-mounted gantry (RMG) is a fixed piece of intermodal equipment that is wide-ranging and can be used over 6 to 10 rail tracks for intermodal operations.

Used mainly for service over large container stacks at port terminals.

Increasingly, modern intermodal rail terminals rely on RMGs to conduct intermodal operations on a number of train tracks, often with some below crane space for track-side stacking.

A RMG used for stacking can handle densities above 1,000 TEU per hectare (4 full or 5 empty containers).

Portainer

A portainer is a gantry crane that is used primarily for loading and unloading containerships and comes in various sizes depending on the type of ships they can handle.

Whereas a Panamax portainer can handle ships with up to 13 containers in width, a Post-Panamax portainer stretches alongside up to 18 containers.

The new portainer class is called "Super Post Panamax" and is able to accommodate the current batch of 12,500 TEU containerships by being able to cover up to 22 containers.

Containers have to be brought to the portainer by holsters using chassis or by straddle carriers.

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