Railway terminals generally consist of one track side train, platform, terminal building and the other facilities on the terminal. There are lounge, duty-free, toilets, counter ticket, luggage carts, station bus and taxi. But in rail transport, the station is not only for passengers, it can be for goods also.
Rail transportation offers an advantage of the capacity to which it requires purposely designed terminals where passengers can embark and disembark and where freight can be transferred smoothly. Rail terminals, while not quite as space-extensive as airports and ports, still acquire huge space.
There are many types of terminal designs. Many countries where still have a building such as architecture 19th century as later stations. Many types of architecture have been used in the building of stations. Stations in Europe are more look like a station in British design. However, nowadays, some countries already implemented a modern design. For example, is a modern station in Japan include those on newer high-speed rail networks, such as the Shinkansen in Japan, TGV lines in France and ICE lines in Germany.
But before we built a terminal, we have to set and determine the location very well. Railway stations and platforms come with different configurations. It is affected by factors such as the geographical nature, the need for the terminal to serve more than one route, which may or may not be connected, and the level of the tracks.
For example, railway stations in tunnels, stations with platforms two floors, and stations with other unique layouts. Trains may be fitted for high or low platforms and sometimes have folding stairs or "trap doors" on internal stairs to match both high and low platforms. For a tunnels terminal, the rail terminal operator can switch the function if flooding happens. Pumping stations remove water in the tunnels from rain, seepage, and others.
In some cases, upgrading or terminal improvements are necessary due to the passengers’ demand and expectation that is changing nowadays. The terminal could be upgraded to be better and more efficiency terminal. Improvement activity can be conduct on both, the exterior and interior of the terminal.
Create an enclosed smoking area for the smoker to smoke. This is to provide a clean and fresh environment to the passenger when they are waiting for the departure time.
Increase the number of information counter, enlarge the departure hall, add more seating capacity and increase the washroom accessibility.
Provide a wide range of connection transport such as taxi rank, bus network and car park to facilitate the customer travel to and from the station.
Increase the police patrol in the terminal & number of closed-circuit television (CCTV) in the station.
Provide Automatic Ticket Vending Machine in the train station. Thus, customer can purchase the train ticket on their own without going to the ticket counter.
Using the digitalisation in railway by develping apps that use to ensure the train punctuality and inform passengers the accurate time the train will arrive.
Provide platform screen doors to increase the efficiency and safety at transit station.