ME !!!

Who am I? My name is Lareine Delphine Khiara Marielle, but personally, I prefer to be called Khiara. I'm a slacker who works hard. I enjoy learning new things, yet I fear the unknown. My favorite activity is sleeping, despite the fact that I am an energetic person. I picked the linguistics program because I excelled in science but struggled in math, so I figured communication would be the greatest fit for me. Later in life, I would like to work as a teacher. I've always believed that a teacher can make a significant difference in a child's life and, in turn, help to build a better world for the next generation. My unrealistic dream is to build a community center where I will provide free tuition. I would recruit dedicated instructors, and together we would make the world a better place. I would also distribute free instant noodles and mango juice there.

Delphine Khiara Lareine

First Topic: How Are Emotions Involved In A Native and Foreign Language?

Do you swear, pray, or lie in your own tongue or in a foreign language? I swear in French, pray in Creole, and lie in French, English, and Creole, perhaps in German later on. A native language is thought to be more emotional than a foreign language. In reality, while making a decision or dealing with a severe issue, your foreign language decision is more rational than your native language decision. This is because we are more emotional in our native language than in a language, we are learning for the first time. According to Carla Reiter's article " Communicating in a foreign language takes emotion out of decision-making " you learn your mother tongue via your family, friends, and even television, but you acquire a second language in a classroom (Reiter). Learning a language via family and friends may trigger intense emotions as well as positive and negative memories. Learning a language in a classroom, on the other hand, involves fewer powerful emotions since you must learn the language as it is taught, and you are graded on your learning abilities. . This article, in my opinion, effectively demonstrates how emotions interact with a native and foreign language. This post has elements that are related to my daily life. This piece has caused me to consider how my emotions influence the words I use.

Work Cited

Reiter, Carla. “Communicating in a Foreign Language Takes Emotion out of Decision-Making.” University of Chicago News, https://news.uchicago.edu/story/communicating-foreign-language-takes-emotion-out-decision-making.

Second Topic: How The Media Affects Language

Social media may be a hotly debated topic; some people adore it, while others despise it. Regardless of this minor issue, we cannot deny that social media has a significant influence on language. According to Kate Wilson's article "How Social Media is Changing Language," social media changes language, aids in the creation of new terms, enhances the volume and speed of digital communication, and eventually gives us the duty of staying connected with people (Wilson). In reality, we can see how quickly language can change on social media. For example, the term "lit" is the past tense of the word "light," but because of social media, where this word is widely used, "lit" has come to denote "exciting." Furthermore, because social media has increased the pace through which we communicate on a regular basis, we utilize fewer words in our sentences. A maximum of 140 characters is permitted on Twitter (Wilson).

This article explains how the media influences language in a variety of ways. We can undertake a self-analysis on how we used social media thanks to the flow of information they supply. I feel that social media has a significant influence on the evolution of language. Every month, we are taught new terms and how to use them to appear cooler and more integrated. Because we are too lazy to type long phrases, our language has changed, and new terms have been formed. Some argue that social media is a threat to the English language, while others argue that it is pure "art."

Work Cited

Wilson, Kate. “How Social Media Is Changing Language.” Lingua Greca Translations | English-Greek Web & App Localization, 16 Sept. 2014, https://linguagreca.com/blog/2014/08/how-social-media-is-changing-language/.

Topic: How Are Emotions Involved In A Native and Foreign Language?

Source 1: What do your eyes reveal about your foreign language? Reading emotional sentences in a native and foreign language

The article “What do your eyes reveal about your foreign language? Reading emotional sentences in a native and foreign language” is an academic article in a journal. The article was published in PLOS One, peer-reviewed open access scientific journal which covers primary research from any discipline within science and medicine, since 2006. The article was written by Sara Lacozza who is presently employed at the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics' Department of Language Psychology. She studies how the social characteristics of our interlocutors impact language learning and processing in psycholinguistics. The purpose of this study is to see if speaking a foreign language reduces sympathetic nervous system sensitivity in response to highly emotional stimuli.

Emotions and language are inextricably linked. Because of the emotional social situations in which we learned emotionally charged words, they have allowed access to the operating emotional brain circuits. An experience was developed to see if native and foreign language emotional reactions are the same. Because pupil dilation is very responsive to emotions and arousal, it has been shown to be an excellent instrument for the experience. The study enlists the help of fifty-four native Spanish speakers who are also fluent in English. They read out loud 20 neutral and 20 emotional lines. The researchers kept a careful eye on the individuals' pupils while they read. The tests required approximately 45 minutes to complete. Throughout the encounter, two dependent measures were taken: the intensity of the participants' emotions as they read and the pupil average size for roughly 10 seconds. Emotional sentences resulted in increased pupil dilation and higher emotional outcomes. Furthermore, when the identical lines were read in a foreign language, pupil dilation was reduced by half. The article claims that the emotional distance experienced when speaking a foreign language is dependent on the circumstances in which the language was learned. The report concludes by stating that the participants claimed to understand the meaning of the words completely. Despite that, emotional reactions in the foreign language were lower than in the native language.

I just found out today that we can use pupil dilation to assess the intensity of emotion. The article's key takeaway for me is that foreign language looks to be emotionally distant. This post has greatly aided my understanding of my subject. Despite the fact that the researchers in the publications I read seemed to have the same point of view, they used unique approaches to establish their theory. It was easy to comprehend the source. It got right to the point while developing and explaining the procedures of the experiments.

Work Cited

Iacozza, Sara, et al. “What Do Your Eyes Reveal About Your Foreign Language? Reading Emotional Sentences in a Native and Foreign Language.” PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0186027.

Source 2: Emotionality differences between a native and foreign language: theoretical implications

The article “Emotionality differences between a native and foreign language: theoretical implications” is an academic and peer-reviewed article. Frontiers in Psychology is a peer-reviewed open-access academic journal with 30 segments that span all elements of psychology. Frontiers Media launched itself in 2010. The article I picked was released on September 23, 2014. Catherine L. Caldwell-Harris, Ph.D. works as an assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at Boston University. She became an associate professor in 2003 until today. She obtained a Ph.D. in Cognitive Science and Psychology at the University of California, San Diego, in August 1991. Also, she has a B.A. in Psychology cum laude, Harvard University, in March 1985. The article was reviewed by Cornelia Herbert, head of the Department of Applied Psychology of Emotions and Motivation at ULM University, in Germany.

The goal of the article is to highlight the emotional differences between a native and a foreign language in response to the various theories regarding language-emotion independence. The first section of the article looks at a variety of instances in which the native language is more emotional than the foreign language, as well as the reasons for this. People who learn a language early on, have a higher frequency and competency while using it, and people who learn it via immersion have demonstrated to have greater emotions for it than others. The language we learn as a child tends to carry strong emotional resonances. Primarily because early language develops itself simultaneously emotional regulation systems. However, second languages can also carry strong emotions if they are used frequently and are learned through immersion. That’s why it is argued that because human experiences are learned and preserved in a context-dependent manner, employing a language in emotional circumstances fills it with emotional resonances (Caldwell).

The article's conclusion emphasizes that, while words have meaning, they can be interpreted in many ways. As an English native speaker, hearing "Je t'aime" and "I love you" will not give you the same sensations.

The article concluded by outlining the significance of the study. Indeed, bilinguals, as well as monolinguals who engage with bilinguals, should be mindful of how emotions are expressed in their native and second languages. Finally, this study has the potential to be a fantastic answer to the debate over the link between language and emotions.

Through this post, I've learned and gained a better understanding of how native and foreign languages convey varying levels of emotion based on context and specific factors. After reading this essay, I've concluded that the native language elicits a huge range of feelings, which might vary depending on the circumstances. This site has increased my knowledge and interest in the subject significantly. The example is simpler to grasp than the other readings. This article examines how, depending on the language, meaning-bearing words might be vulnerable to interpretation, which was new to me. The source was simple to follow, which added to the appeal.

Work Cited

Caldwell-Harris, Catherine L. “Emotionality Differences between a Native and Foreign Language: Theoretical Implications.” Frontiers, Frontiers, 1 Jan. 1AD, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01055/full.

Source 3: Second Language and Mental Image

An essay titled "Second Language and Mental Image" was published on a university's website. The LangMusCogLab, or language and music cognition lab, is the name of the university website. This website collects popular scientific publications from persons who study in Maryland University's language and music cognition lab. Chenqi Jia, a former student at Maryland University who holds a bachelor's degree in psychology, wrote the paper. In order to see if mental images created in our brain when we speak a foreign language are less visual than when we speak our native language.

According to the studies, people prefer to recall more specific and emotional memories in the same language they used when they experienced the memory. Three tests were carried out. Random experiments were allocated to the bilingual participants. The first experiment looked at how participants rated their mental imagery after hearing their native and non-native languages. In the second experiment, participants were asked to judge which word resembled the form of the presented word the least. Finally, after reading a tale, participants were asked to judge the quality of their mental images in the third experiment. The findings of the test revealed that visuals in a non-native language are less vibrant. The emotional impact of visuals with low vividness might be significant. That explains why people in their second language have no trouble making sensible judgments.

Thanks to this post, I've learned and experienced an entirely new way of thinking about how emotions and words interact. I would never have guessed that the strength of mental imagery varies depending on whether the language is spoken in a native or non-native manner. My conclusion is that when a foreign language is involved, mental representations are far less vivid. This site has tremendously aided in the comprehension of the subject. This post has piqued my attention since it has shown me that there are several methods to learn how emotions are expressed in both native and foreign languages. The findings in this essay are the same as in the other papers. The source was simple to follow, and it was amusing to learn that the student also has a website where she must publish.

Work Cited

Jia, Chenqi. “Second Language and Mental Image.” Medium, LangMusCogLab, 21 May 2020, https://medium.com/langmuscoglab/second-language-and-mental-image-a681536847b5.

Does Language Shape Thought?

I picked a video that is not from an academic source. On March 20, 2020, this instructive film was uploaded to YouTube. An organization named BBC Ideas uploaded the video on the internet. They are working closely with The Open University to improve the accuracy of their information. The video's goal is to make viewers think about how language influences how we think. The video demonstrates how language alters our thinking. In reality, learning a new language provides us with a fresh perspective on the world. This phenomenon is also known as the Whorfian Hypothesis. People in the film said that they are more emotional in one language than another and that they occasionally behave differently depending on the language they are using. Language is also claimed to contain some image simulation, which might explain why we perceive the environment differently. Finally, the clip claims that language and culture are inextricably linked. When you learn a new language, you are also exposed to a new culture.

Despite the fact that this video offers knowledge that I have already been exposed to, it has helped me better comprehend my topic. In fact, it was simpler to grasp when I heard individuals express how the language causes them to think differently. My takeaway from this video is that language influences not only our emotions but also our way of thinking and culture. This video piqued my interest in my subject. The source is very comparable to the others I've used. It also concludes that language influences how we behave. The material was quite comprehensible and intriguing, and I had no trouble following what the individuals were saying.

Work Cited

Do We Think Differently in Different Languages? - Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XINQvKbqzq0.

Thinking in a Non-native Language: A New Nudge?

The article “Thinking in a Non-native Language: A New Nudge?” is an academic and peer-reviewed article. Frontiers in Psychology is a peer-reviewed open-access academic journal with 30 segments that span all elements of psychology. Frontiers Media launched itself in 2010. The article I picked was released on September 3, 2020. The article I picked was written by Steven McFarlane an independent researcher, boulder in the united states. The editor is Xinjie Chen a post-doctoral researcher at Stanford University. This article mainly focuses on the potential positive effect of actively thinking in a non-native language.

First, the article explains that bilinguals possess benefits to cognition and executive functioning. That is because both of the languages they use are functioning at the same time. Thus, when they speak one of the languages, they utilize cognitive control, to suppress the language they are not employing. The article explores the different ways that thinking in a non-native language can serve as a positive psychology invention, it suggests that although this approach can bring various outcomes, it is fundamental to pay attention to the cognitive disadvantages. Finally, the article discusses whether it is ethical or not to use this nudge to influence our behavior and the behavior of others. The foreign language effect (FLE) implies that thinking in a non-native language improves decision-making and reasoning. The three mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are The Reduced Emotionality Account, Metacognition Disruption Account, Cognitive Enhancement Account. These mechanisms explain why people who think in their non-native language tend to be less sensitive and unbiased when dealing with life-saving dilemmas. FLE can be used as a positive approach to improving our well-being. To begin with, engaging with the foreign language effect can help us reduce loss aversion. It can also benefit the whole society as studies have found out that bilinguals who think in their non-native language are less likely to be against sustainable food practices. In spite of all the benefits of this positive intervention, we must not forget that sometimes it might come with some disadvantages. In fact, Thinking in a non-native language might make it difficult to detect when an argument's credibility has to be assessed. Also, moral, and socio-cultural standards become less significant in terms of FLE. If that's the case, using the FLE to nudge oneself might have unfavorable consequences.

This article has contributed to my understanding of the topic. In fact, I have learned more deeply why people don’t make the same types of decisions when speaking in their native and non-native languages. I have concluded that thinking in a non-native language can sometimes affect decision-making and improve reasoning. Also known as the FLE, this approach can change people’s lives, but we need to be aware of the negative cognitive consequences. This article has definitely improved my understanding of the topic and increased my interest. Compare to my other sources which seem to lean more towards the native language thinkers' perspective, this article clearly gives us an overview of the non-native speakers' perspective. The source was understandable, interesting, not hard to follow but it still required an important amount of focus.

Work Cited

McFarlane, Steven, et al. “Thinking in a Non-Native Language: A New Nudge?” Frontiers, Frontiers, 1 Jan. 1AD, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.549083/full.

Emotions and language in multilinguals

The article “Emotions and Language in Multilinguals” is a non-academic source. It was published on the Piri-Piri Lexicon website. The article was published on 16 July 2013. It was written by Annabelle, a trained linguist and academic researcher in language acquisition. The main goal of this article is to demonstrate how bilinguals express their emotions in different languages.

The article explains that some people might feel that their personalities change as soon as they switch to a different language. This situation is qualified by Grosjean as a result of culture. Also, some people have some preference over a specific language to express their emotions. For example, swearing. The article suggests that swearing is not that insulting when it is your non-native language. And the same applies to love expressions. However, this is not the case for everybody. In fact, some people believe that this situation is not a result of language but culture. In fact, a lady explains that since she establishes a relationship with her daughter in French, she prefers to express her love to her in French. Also, since she establishes her relationship with her boyfriend in English, they express their love to each other in English. This can be explained as semilingualism; which is when someone has mastered two or more languages.

I learned that the language you use to establish a relationship might sometimes be the same channel you use to express your emotions. My takeaway is that it is not always whether it is your native language or not; a culture might come into the picture. This reading really did advance my understanding and compare to the other reading it demonstrates that it is not always about language. In this article, I have seen information that I saw in my other readings. I had no difficulties understanding the source, it was interesting and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

Emotions and Language in Multilinguals, https://www.thepiripirilexicon.com/2013/07/emotions-and-language-for-multilinguals.html.

There are emotional differences between a native and foreign language. A native language is learned in our childhood and via immersion, therefore it tends to carry strong emotional resonances. Furthermore, according to studies, actively thinking in a non-native language has an impact on the cognitive processes involved in judgment and decision-making.

My first paragraph demonstrates that our native language tends to be more emotional since it was acquired when we are a child. Primarily because language developed itself simultaneously with the emotional regulation systems.

My second paragraph explains that since a native language is acquired via immersion, it is more emotional. In fact, when you are exposed to a language it carries more memories. Indeed, when you will speak the language you will think of some particular moments or people.

My third paragraph will investigate the reasons why people make more rational decisions when speaking their foreign language.

OUTLINE

Thesis: There are emotional differences between a native and foreign language. A native language is learned in our childhood and via immersion, therefore it tends to carry strong emotional resonances. Furthermore, according to studies, actively thinking in a non-native language has an impact on the cognitive processes involved in judgment and decision-making. Finally, cursing in a foreign language is generally simpler, because it carries less emotional intensity.

1. A language involves high emotional resonances when it is acquired early and utilized frequently.

A. Because learning takes place in a family setting, daily language conveys a wide spectrum of human emotions.

i) Examples

B. Early language develops at the same time as emotional regulation systems.

i) Examples

2. Thinking in a non-native language affects how some people respond to reasoning and decision-making scenarios

A. Foreign Language effect: Thinking in a language other than one's own, improves reasoning and decision-making.

i) Examples

B) The mechanisms that cause the foreign language effect to occur: The Reduced Emotionality Account, Metacognition Disruption Account, Cognitive Enhancement Account.

i) Examples

A. Cursing in a non-native language has a different emotional impact than it does in a native language.

1. It may be simpler to employ highly emotive terminology if you feel less emotionally connected to your non-native language.

i) Examples

2. Emotional resonance is decreased as a result of language background;

The age you learn your Foreign language
The frequency end context in which you employ your foreign language.
The intensity of emotional resonances in your foreign language

i) Examples

Foreign Language Effect on Dishonesty

The article “Foreign Language Effect on Dishonesty” is an academic and peer-reviewed article. Frontiers in Psychology is a peer-reviewed open-access academic journal with 30 segments that span all elements of psychology. Frontiers Media launched itself in 2010. The article I picked was released on October 28, 2021, by Xiaolan Yang. She works as a professor at Shanghai International Studies University. She obtained her doctorate at from Zhejiang University in 2005. She is also part of the Key Laboratory of Applied Brain and Cognitive Sciences at Shanghai International Studies University, in China. The article was edited by Nicola Brocca, a post-doctorate researcher. He works at the University of Innsbruck in Austria. Also, his major research interests are cognitive linguistics, semantics, pragmatics, second language acquisition, and many others.

The purpose of the article is to find out whether people tend to lie more when using their native language or when using their foreign language. In fact, there is a great controversy regarding this matter. More specifically, the first research discussing the foreign language effect was done by Keysar et al. (2012), he explains that if we think in our foreign language to make a decision or a moral judgment, it will reduce the chances of bias.

There are two main opposing ideas that resulted from experiments concerning this topic. Indeed, some researchers argue that since the foreign language effect reduces emotionality, hence it is easier to lie in your foreign language. Actually, The emotional distance hypothesis explains that the decrease in the intensity of emotions associated with the foreign language effect will make lying easier. That is because emotional stimuli tend to produce fewer accentuated independent nervous system activities when presented in an FL (Yang). However, others suggest that we need more cognitive efforts to lie in a foreign language than a native language. That is called the cognitive load hypothesis. It implies that the cognitive load that is present when we utilize a foreign language makes lying a more difficult task. Also, the article explains that to find out whether the language you speak is going to affect your sense of honesty, they are going to conduct two studies, the one dice-roll and one cheap-talk sender-receiver (Yang).

In study 1 participants had to roll a six-sided dice in a cup and privately tell the results. The participants were then made aware that the results were going to determine their payoff. Therefore, some were dishonest to obtain a higher payoff. In study 2, there was a cheap-talk sender-receiver. One sender was paired with a receiver and each pair provided ways of getting money. Only the senders have the details concerning money distributions, so they had to decide whether they were going to send an honest or dishonest message to the receiver. The study concluded that people have more difficulty when lying using their foreign language than their native language.

Through this article, I’ve learned that although the foreign language effect is known to reduce emotions, hence reducing bias when making a decision, that doesn’t mean that we will have less difficulty lying using a foreign language. This article has really improved my understanding of the topic and has increased my interest in this topic. Compare to my other reading this article is a bit different. In fact, based on the other readings lying was going to be easier in a foreign language since it reduces the intensity of emotional resonances. However, it is a controversial topic and there are more answers to the question. The source was understandable, very interesting, and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

Yang, Xiaolan, et al. “Foreign Language Effect on Dishonesty.” Frontiers, Frontiers, 1 Jan. 1AD, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.633016/full.

Your Morals Depend on Language

The article “Your Morals Depend on Language” is an academic and peer-reviewed article in a journal. The article was published on April 23, 2014, in PLOS One, a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal that covers primary research from any discipline within science and medicine, since 2006. It was written by Albert Costa, a linguist, neuropsychologist, scientist, author, and cognitivist. In 1993, he obtained a Master of Arts in Psychology at Barcelona University. The same year, he received a doctoral fellowship from the Spanish government then he became part of the “the language and cognitive science program”.

The goal of the article is to highlight the evidence that people usually make more utilitarian choices when they employ a foreign language. In fact, people make a utilitarian decision when using a foreign language as there is a reduction in emotional response, hence reducing emotional concerns, like guilt. According to the article, moral judgment is controlled by two major components; The emotional content of a particular situation, as well as rational, effortful, regulated procedures motivated by a conscious assessment of the possible implications (Costa). The article starts by hypothesizing that since the foreign language is associated with a decrease in emotional reactivity, moral judgments should be less affected, and people should pick utilitarian options. To prove their hypothesis, the researchers conducted two experiments. The experiment 1 “footbridge” version of the trolley dilemma. The participants have to decide in their native or foreign language, according to instructions, whether they are going to switch the track on the trolley to save one life.

Then they were asked if they would push a man from the bridge to save five lives. Experiment 2 involved putting the student, with various backgrounds, in a classroom where they were faced with dilemmas and have to make a choice.The results of experiment one confirm the hypothesis. Indeed, the foreign language lowers the emotional reactivity making it less difficult for the participants to make a utilitarian choice; which is to push the man from the bridge. Experiment 2 concludes with the fact that maybe it’s not just the low intensity of emotions that improve people’s moral judgment; it’s culture. More precisely Participants made more utilitarian choices in Spanish (40%) than English (18%) when Spanish was foreign (χ2 (1, N = 328) = 20.90, p<.0001), but more utilitarian decisions in English (47%) than Spanish (19%) when English was foreign (χ2 (1, N = 397) = 37.14, p<.0001; Figure 2). This pattern clearly contradicts a cultural explanation to our findings (Costa).

My main takeaways from this article are that the foreign language affects moral judgment since it is associated with a low amount of emotional activity and that people sometimes choose utilitarian decisions because of culture. I’ve also learned that with a higher level of proficiency in a language, the level of intensity of emotions is going to increase. This article has really improved my understanding of my topic and it has increased my interest. Compared to my other readings, this article seems to align with their conclusions, However, in my other reading, they never mentioned that culture could have an effect on moral dilemma decisions. My source was understandable, interesting, and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

Costa, Albert, et al. “Your Morals Depend on Language.” PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0094842.

Emotional Involvement in Swearing in Croatia (L1) vs. Swearing in English (L2)

The article “Emotional Involvement in Swearing in Croatia (L1) vs. Swearing in English (L2)” is an academic source. More precisely it is the master thesis that Padjen Vana wrote on April 1, 2022. Vana Padjen studied at the Repository University of Rijeka, in the faculty of humanities and social science.

The purpose of the article is to discover more about the relationship between the participants and their native language and English as their foreign language. The experiment involved native Croatian speakers whose foreign language is English. The study concentrated on how the participants felt when swearing in both languages. In fact, swearing is part of our daily life, we use it to relieve ourselves. As argued in the article, swearing is a complex social phenomenon (Padjen). Moreover, swearing can be a really good way to express our emotions; anger, surprise, and many others. However, when we swear, we never pay attention to the channel we are using. The article explains that many have declared that they prefer to express their anger using their native language. A participant named Didi declared that when she swears in her native language, it has a stronger effect (Padjen). The main findings of the study are that most participants prefer to swear using their native language. Moreover, the article argued that the setting and the age at which you learned the language and the frequency you use the language will determine your language choice for swearing.

Through this article I learned that the language people will choose to swear in will depend on 3 major factors; age, frequency, and setting. My main takeaway is that people usually prefer to swear in their native language as they feel like it has a stronger effect. The reading of this article has definitely improved my understanding of the topic and has increased my interest. Compared to my other readings, the article also concluded that people prefer to swear in their native language. The only new component was the 3 major factors that will determine your language choice for the use of bad words. The source was very interesting, understandable, and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

Padjen, Vana. “Emotional Involvement in Swearing in Croatia (L1) vs. Swearing in English (L2).” Dabar, Sveučilište u Rijeci. Filozofski Fakultet. Odsjek Za Anglistiku., 1 Apr. 2022, https://dabar.srce.hr/en/islandora/object/ffri%3A3041.

Swearing in a second language is easier

The article “Swearing in a second language is easier” is a non-academic article in an online magazine. The article was published on The connexion, an online website that provides newspapers monthly to France residents, second- homeowners, and even people who visit France. It was published on August 26, 2017, and it was written by Samantha David.

The article explains that language taps into our memories when we speak, and we just hold on to those memories (David). Moreover, it explains that when a Korean woman who lives in the U.S speaks with her Korean friends, they speak English (David). In fact, some might think that using English is less formal. People prefer swearing in a foreign language as it is associated with less emotional reactivity, so people feel like it has a lower impact. It also applies to “I Love You”. Some would prefer to say those words in a foreign language as they are able to use them more freely. In some cultures, saying I love you to your family is really rare. We might see some never saying the words at home, then always saying the words “I love you” at school to their friends. Finally, when someone curses at you in your native language it is more hurtful than if they have done it in a foreign language. In fact, since it’s your native language it is more meaningful to you. Also, you might feel like it’s unfair because the interlocutor doesn’t understand the emotional resonance effect that those words have on you.

Through this article, I’ve learned that when Korean women meet in groups they would prefer to speak in English as it’s less formal. My main takeaway from this article is people prefer to swear foreign language and some cultures don’t say I love you to their family but will always say it to their friends in a foreign language. In fact, that is all because those terms in a foreign language are considered to have less impact and they can be used more freely. This article improves my understanding of the article and increased my interest. Compared to my other readings, it has also concluded that people prefer swearing in a foreign language. The article was understandable interesting and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

“Swearing in a Second Language Is Easier.” Https://Www.connexionfrance.com, https://www.connexionfrance.com/article/Mag/Language/Swearing-in-a-second-language-is-easier.

Bad language: why being bilingual makes swearing easier

The article “Bad language: why being bilingual makes swearing easier” is a non-academic article in the Guardian newspaper. The guardian is a British daily newspaper, and it was founded in 1821. The article was published on March 27, 2017. Toivo Wilhelmiina’s piece was a joint winner of the Economic and Social Research Council writing competition, held in conjunction with Sage publishing.

The goal of this article is to highlight the fact that bilinguals have a reduction of emotional resonance when they speak a foreign language. Also, it is explained that decreased emotional responses appear when we speak a foreign language, but we do not know why. Wilhelmiina’s declares that when she was a child his father was against swearing, so she thought that she grew up being uncomfortable using swearwords but when she moved to Scotland, she found out that it was far from the truth (Toivo). In fact, she lives in a flat with seven girls, and they all talk about a sensitive topic that they will never discuss in their native language. The article mentions that many have reported feeling less” in a foreign language and that the word does not have the same emotions as it will have in their native language (Toivo).

This phenomenon is called reduced emotional resonance of language, however, the reason for it happening is still unclear. The article mentions that many have reported feeling less” in a foreign language and that the word does not have the same emotions as it will have in their native language (Toivo). This phenomenon is called reduced emotional resonance of language, however, the reason for it happening is still unclear. Wilhelmiina declares that with an eye-tracker technology, she is going to measure the pupils’ reactions to the bilinguals when they say emotional words (Toivo). Furthermore, the reduction in emotional resonances can help with decision making and it can be beneficial for communication among the bilingual couple.

My main takeaway from this article is that people prefer to speak about taboo things in a foreign language as it bears a less emotional weight. I’ve learned that with eye-tracker technology, we can analyze the pupils and find out which word has a greater emotional effect on them. This article has improved my understanding of my topic and increased my interest. Compared to my other readings this article hasn’t found out what shapes reduced emotional resonances. In fact, in the other articles I’ve read and analyzed, the researchers are aware of the causes of reduced emotional resonances. The source was understandable, interesting, and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

“Bad Language: Why Being Bilingual Makes Swearing Easier.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 27 Mar. 2017, https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2017/mar/27/bad-language-why-being-bilingual-makes-swearing-easier.

What have you learned?

In Mauritius, we speak Creole, English, and French. In my class Question D’identité, we have discussed the fact that our language varies depending on the context. In fact, on the Mauritius island, we speak French to elders and strangers as it is considered polite and respectful. We speak Creole with family and friends as we are more familiar with each other and finally all our educational books are in English, so we’ll usually speak English, Creole, or France in class. For example, I will speak to my friend sitting next to me in Creole, the teacher gives and a warning about talkative manners in French and asked me a question on an exercise in my book that I will have to answer in English since all our school materials are in English. It might be hard to understand, but it is usually instinctive for us.

So, at first, my question was How do I know which language I should use and when? When I did my research, I find out more about the native and foreign languages. In fact, since I came to Dawson, I realize that speaking my native and foreign languages is not the same. Also, I’ve realized that proficiency does make a difference. More precisely, although French is not my native language, since I’m more proficient in this language, I feel that the words that I say in French bear more emotional weight than the words that I say in English. So, I finally came to the question “How are emotions involved in a native and foreign language? I chose this topic because I really love languages and I feel that being able to speak various languages is a blessing, but I really felt the need to see how this all works. I wanted to find the answer to my question, hence why some are words easier to be said out loud in a foreign language than in a native language. The main finding of my research is that a language has more emotional resonances when it is learned in our childhood and via immersion. In fact, when we are a child we learn new words, our parents correct us when we misspell words. Also, as a child language is learned through our family, so each word has its memories that have deep meaning to us. Also, according to studies, thinking in a non-native language improve decision-making. In fact, the foreign language is associated with reduced emotional resonances, so when we have a decision to make, it prevents intuitive choices and bias. Finally, swearing in a foreign language is easier as it bears less emotional weight. In fact, many people prefer to speak about taboo subjects or to swear in a foreign language as they feel freer.

To conclude, all the articles that I have read have not only been beneficial for my research paper, but it has also contributed greatly to my life. In fact, now I understand why I never say “I Love You” in creole. In fact, I learned that in some cultures we don’t say affectionate words in the family but will always say those words to a friend in a foreign language. Also, since I’ve learned that thinking in a foreign language can improve decision-making, next time I will try this tip.

Why Cursing In Another Language Feels So D* Good**

The article “Why Cursing In Another Language Feels So D*** Good” is a non-academic article on the blog Listen and learn. The article was posted on April 25, 2017, and it was written by Kelly Wang, a freelance writer, and CELTA-qualified ESL teacher.

The purpose of the article is to find out why cursing feels so good. The article explains that swearing will usually shock people, or some might even be offended so we prevent ourselves from doing it. However, sometimes we just can’t hold it in, so when it comes out, we not only feel relieved, but we also have the “sneaky feeling” of doing something wrong (Wang). Moreover, in-classroom a child might swear in its native language and the teacher might find it cute and let it slide.

But if the student had said the same curse word in English the teacher would have probably not found it cute. This phenomenon is called reduced emotional resonance. Learning how to swear can really shock others. As they believed that it’s not okay to learn how to swear since when you say it it’s going to offend people. However, Kelly argues that swearing is just part of the vocabulary another way of expressing yourself and communicating (Wang).

Finally, I learned that cursing is not always bad. Yes, it can offend people, but used in a good way cursing can be useful. In fact, it can help us to learn the culture of our foreign language. My main takeaways are that cursing is way easier to be said out loud in a foreign language. This article was really interesting, and it has improved my understanding of my topic. The article is similar to my other readings, except that it discusses more the matter that swearing feels good. The article was understandable, interesting, and not hard to follow.

Work Cited

Kelly. “Why Cursing in Another Language Feels so d*** Good.” Listen & Learn AUS Blog, 25 Apr. 2017, https://www.listenandlearnaustralia.com.au/blog/why-cursing-in-another-language-feels-so-d-good/.

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