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Title: Qué son los puntos cuánticos, cuyo descubrimiento y síntesis han sido reconocidos con el premio Nobel de Química 2023
Source: BBC News Mundo
Spanish Article:https://www.bbc.com/mundo/articles/cg3e1l4z3d8o
Tools used: DeepL and Google Translator
Source Text
Source Text
Algunos los llaman “átomos artificiales”.
Los puntos cuánticos son los componentes más pequeños de la nanotecnología, tremendamente diminutos, de apenas unas pocas millonésimas de milímetro.
Son estructuras artificiales creadas en el laboratorio a partir de materiales semiconductores, que se conocen también como nanocristales. Su tamaño es tan reducido, que sus cualidades están determinadas por fenómenos de naturaleza cuántica.
DeepL
DeepL
Some call them "artificial atoms".
Quantum dots are the tiniest components of nanotechnology, tremendously tiny, just a few millionths of a millimeter.
They are artificial structures created in the laboratory from semiconductor materials, also known as nanocrystals. Their size is so small that their qualities are determined by phenomena of a quantum nature.
Google Translator
Google Translator
Some call them “artificial atoms.”
Quantum dots are the smallest components of nanotechnology, extremely tiny, just a few millionths of a millimeter.
They are artificial structures created in the laboratory from semiconductor materials, which are also known as nanocrystals. Its size is so small that its qualities are determined by phenomena of a quantum nature.
Tienen propiedades ópticas y electrónicas únicas, entre ellas la capacidad de transportar electrones y emitir luces de diferentes colores cuando son estimulados mediante luz o electricidad. Los más pequeños son azules, y los más grandes amarillos y rojos.
Las peculiares propiedades de estos nanocristales han revolucionado productos comerciales como las pantallas de televisión o las lámparas LED, y se utilizan en numerosas disciplinas científicas, como la física, la química o la medicina, donde se están empezando a utilizar en el tratamiento experimental del cáncer.
They have unique optical and electronic properties, including the ability to carry electrons and emit different colored lights when stimulated by light or electricity. The smallest are blue, and the largest are yellow and red.
The peculiar properties of these nanocrystals have revolutionized commercial products such as television screens or LED lamps, and they are used in numerous scientific disciplines, such as physics, chemistry and medicine, where they are beginning to be used in the experimental treatment of cancer.
They have unique optical and electronic properties, including the ability to transport electrons and emit different colored lights when stimulated by light or electricity. The smallest ones are blue, and the largest ones are yellow and red.
The peculiar properties of these nanocrystals have revolutionized commercial products such as television screens or LED lamps, and are used in numerous scientific disciplines, such as physics, chemistry or medicine, where they are beginning to be used in the experimental treatment of cancer.
Los físicos sabían desde hacía tiempo que, en teoría, las nanopartículas podían tener efectos cuánticos dependientes del tamaño, pero resultaba casi imposible esculpir esas partículas tan pequeñas, por lo que pocos pensaban que este conocimiento pudiera tener aplicaciones prácticas.
En 1937, el físico Herbert Fröhlich ya había predicho que las nanopartículas no se comportarían como el resto de partículas, sino que lo harían de forma diferente.
De esta forma, exploró las consecuencias teóricas de la famosa Ecuación de Schrödinger, que señala que cuando las partículas se hacen extremadamente pequeñas, hay menos espacio para los electrones del material, por lo que estos se apretujan.
Physicists had long known that nanoparticles could theoretically have size-dependent quantum effects, but it was almost impossible to sculpt such tiny particles, so few thought that this knowledge could have practical applications.
In 1937, the physicist Herbert Fröhlich had already predicted that nanoparticles would not behave like other particles, but would behave differently.
In doing so, he explored the theoretical consequences of the famous Schrödinger Equation, which states that when particles become extremely small, there is less space for the electrons in the material, so they get squeezed together.
Physicists had long known that, in theory, nanoparticles could have size-dependent quantum effects, but it was almost impossible to sculpt such small particles, so few thought that this knowledge could have practical applications.
In 1937, physicist Herbert Fröhlich had already predicted that nanoparticles would not behave like other particles, but would do so differently.
In this way, he explored the theoretical consequences of the famous Schrödinger Equation, which indicates that when particles become extremely small, there is less space for the material's electrons, so they squeeze together.
El físico Alexei I. Ekimov (Unión Soviética, 1945) fue el primero en observar los puntos cuánticos en 1981 en cristales.
Trabajó con un cristal teñido con cloruro de cobre y sometido a diferentes temperaturas, lo que produjo diminutos cristales en su interior.
Ekimov se dio cuenta de que la absorción de luz del cristal se veía afectada por el tamaño de esas partículas, esos nanocristales que se habían formado. Las más grandes absorbían la luz de la misma forma que lo hace habitualmente el cloruro de cobre. Sin embargo, cuanto más pequeñas eran las partículas, más azul era la luz que absorbían.
The physicist Alexei I. Ekimov (Soviet Union, 1945) was the first to observe quantum dots in crystals in 1981.
He worked with a crystal dyed with copper chloride and subjected to different temperatures, which produced tiny crystals inside it.
Ekimov realised that the light absorption of the crystal was affected by the size of these particles, the nanocrystals that had formed. The larger ones absorbed light in the same way that copper chloride usually does. However, the smaller the particles, the bluer the light they absorbed.
Physicist Alexei I. Ekimov (Soviet Union, 1945) was the first to observe quantum dots in 1981 in crystals.
He worked with glass dyed with copper chloride and subjected to different temperatures, which produced tiny crystals inside.
Ekimov realized that the light absorption of the crystal was affected by the size of those particles, those nanocrystals that had formed. The largest ones absorbed light in the same way that copper chloride usually does. However, the smaller the particles, the bluer the light they absorbed.
Final version by Human Translator
Final version by Human Translator
Some refer to them as 'artificial atoms.' Quantum dots are the tiniest components of nanotechnology, incredibly minuscule, measuring only a few millionths of a millimeter.
These are artificial structures created in the laboratory from semiconductor materials, also known as nanocrystals. Their size is so diminutive that their properties are determined by quantum phenomena.
They possess unique optical and electronic properties, including the ability to transport electrons and emit lights of different colors when stimulated by light or electricity. The smallest ones appear blue, while the larger ones exhibit yellow and red hues. The distinctive qualities of these nanocrystals have revolutionized commercial products such as television screens and LED lamps. They are employed in numerous scientific disciplines, including physics, chemistry, and medicine, where they are beginning to be used in experimental cancer treatment.
Physicists had long known that, in theory, nanoparticles could exhibit size-dependent quantum effects, but sculpting particles so small was nearly impossible. Therefore, few believed this knowledge could have practical applications.
In 1937, physicist Herbert Fröhlich had already predicted that nanoparticles would not behave like other particles but would exhibit distinct behavior. He explored the theoretical consequences of the famous Schrödinger Equation, which suggests that as particles become exceedingly small, there is less room for the material's electrons, causing them to crowd together.
Physicist Alexei I. Ekimov (Soviet Union, 1945) stands as the pioneer who, in 1981, first witnessed the phenomenon of quantum dots within crystalline structures. He conducted experiments on a crystal imbued with copper chloride, subjecting it to varying temperatures, thereby instigating the genesis of minuscule crystals within.
It was under Ekimov's astute gaze that the crystal's light absorption properties were observed to be contingent upon the size of these minuscule particles, these nanocrystals that had taken form. The larger among them exhibited light absorption akin to the customary characteristics of copper chloride. In stark contrast, the smaller the particles, the more they leaned towards absorbing a bluish spectrum of light.
Comments
Comments
I have noticed several gaps in the context of the text, whereas DeepL provided me with a literal translation using more precise and refined words. Google Translator, on the other hand, also provided a literal translation, but it used somewhat informal language, which is not ideal for our purposes, especially when translating a news article. While the Spanish language may not employ many sophisticated or technical terms in this context, it's important that the translation maintains a high level of grammatical quality.
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