Conferences

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "IMU-based LSTM Network for Ground Reaction Force Estimation and Gait Phase Detection Incorporating Phase Constraints", 2025 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Yeosu, Korea, pp.101, 12~14 November 2025

H. S. Woo, J. H. Park, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Missing Marker Data Recovery in Optical Motion Capture Using IMU Signals and Rigid Body Constraints", 2025 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Yeosu, Korea, pp.289, 12~14 November 2025

J. H. Park, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Investigation of the Relationship between Gyroscope Bias Augmentation and RNN-based IMU Orientation Estimation Accuracy", 2025 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Yeosu, Korea, pp.289, 12~14 November 2025

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Performance Comparison between Raw IMU Signals and Segmental Kinematic Data for Lower Limb Joint Kinetics Estimation Using Neural Networks", 2025 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Yeosu, Korea, pp.295, 12~14 November 2025

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "IMU-Based Ground Reaction Force and Moment Estimation During Level and Inclined Walking Using Temporal Convolutional Networks", 2025 40th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Jeonju, Korea, pp.323~324, 25~27 June 2025

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Segment Selection for Neural Networks in Segmental Kinematics-Based Ground Reaction Force Estimation", 2025 40th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Jeonju, Korea, pp.325~326, 25~27 June 2025

J. H. Park and J. K. Lee, "Comparative Analysis of Effects of Gyroscope Bias on Attitude Estimation Between Rule-Based Filters and Recurrent Neural Networks", 2025 40th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Jeonju, Korea, pp.327~328, 25~27 June 2025

J. H. Park, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Which Is More Robust to Gyroscope Bias? A Comparative Analysis of Rule-Based and Machine Learning-Based Attitude Estimation", 2025 12th IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors & Systems (IEEE Inertial), Lindau, Germany, 4~7 May 2025

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Euler Error Analysis According to Sensor Error Factors for Accelerometer- and Magnetometer-based Arbitrary Stationary Alignment", 2025 12th IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors & Systems (IEEE Inertial), Lindau, Germany, 4~7 May 2025

J. K. Lee and C. J. Lee, "End-to-End Neural Network for Direct Estimation of Each Foot’s Ground Reaction Forces During Double Support from Kinematic Data Without a Decomposition Step", 2025 18th International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies (BIOSTEC), Porto, Portugal, 20~22 Feb. 2025

J. H. Park, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "RNN-Based 3D Joint Angle Determination Using Magnetometer-Free IMU Signals and Joint Kinematic Constraint", 2025 International Symposium on Instrumentation, Control, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics (ICA-SYMP), Bangkok, Thailand, 15~17 Jan. 2025

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Analysis of Effects of Sensor Error Factors on Attitude and Heading Errors for Inertial/Magnetic Sensor-based Stationary Alignment", IEEE Sensors, Kobe, Japan, 20~23 Oct. 2024

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Effects of Error Types of IMU Sensors on Attitude and Heading Estimation Accuracy", 2024 39th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Daejeon, Korea, pp.501~502, 2~4 July 2024

J. H. Park, C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "A Recurrent Neural Network for 3D Relative Orientation Estimation Between Two Constrained Rigid Bodies  sing Joint Acceleration Data Instead of Magnetometer Signals", 2024 39th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Daejeon, Korea, pp.111~112, 2~4 July 2024

J. H. Kim, C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Effects of Abnormal Signal Elimination Approach on Performance of Ellipsoid Fitting-based Magnetometer Calibration", 2024 39th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Daejeon, Korea, pp.109~110, 2~4 July 2024

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Comparison of IMU-based Orientation Estimation Performances Between Rulebased Filters and Machine Learning Approaches", 2024 39th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Daejeon, Korea, pp.107~108, 2~4 July 2024

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "A CNN-LSTM Model for IMU-based Energy Expenditure Estimation under Various Walking Conditions", 2024 11th IEEE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors & Systems (IEEE Inertial), Hiroshima, Japan, 25~28 March 2024

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Inverse Dynamics-free Joint Torque Estimation Using an RNN Based n IMU and Force Plate Data", 2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Conference (EMBC), Sydney, Austrailia, 24~27 July 2023

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Comparison of Energy Expenditure Estimation Performances between GRF-based and IMU-based ANN Models", 2023 45th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Conference (EMBC), Sydney, Austrailia, 24~27 July 2023

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Comparison of Neural Network Models for Joint Torque Estimation without Inverse Dynamics Based on IMU and Force Plate Signals", 2023 38th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Samcheok, Korea, pp.713~714, 21~23 June 2023

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Recurrent Neural Network for Wearable IMU Signal-based Estimation of Lower-limb Joint Torque During Squat", Proceedings of 2023 Spring Conference of Ergonomics Society of Korea (ESK), Anseong, Korea, 17~20 May 2023

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Human Motion Monitoring Based on Wearable Inertial Sensors for Ubiquitous Healthcare", Proceedings of 2023 Spring Conference of Ergonomics Society of Korea (ESK), Anseong, Korea, 17~20 May 2023

C. J. Lee and J. K. Lee, "Kalman Filter for 3D Joint Angle Estimation Based on 6-axis IMU Signals Without a Magnetometer", Proceedings of 2023 Spring Conference of Ergonomics Society of Korea (ESK), Anseong, Korea, 17~20 May 2023

C. J. Lee, J. H. Kim, and J. K. Lee, "A Recurrent Neural Network for Magnetometer-free 3D Joint Angle Estimation based on 6-axis IMU Signals", 2023 Spring Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Jeju, Korea, 10~12 May 2023

C. J. Lee, J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Wearable Inertial Sensor-based Lower-limb Joint Torque Estimation Using a GRU Network", 2023 Spring Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Jeju, Korea, 10~12 May 2023

J. S. Choi, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Inertial and Magnetic Measurement Unit-Based Orientation Estimation Using a Parallel Neural Network", 2023 Third International Symposium on Instrumentation, Control, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics (ICA-SYMP), Bangkok, Thailand, pp.193~194, 18~20 Jan. 2023

J. S. Choi, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "A Neural Network for Direction Cosine Matrix Determination of an Object Based on IMMU Signals", Annual Meeting of Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (KSME), Jeju, Korea, 2022

J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Performance of Recurrent Neural Network for IMU-Based 3D Orientation Estimation in Magnetically Disturbed Environments", 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Glasgow, Scotland, 2022 

J. S. Choi, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Compensation for Soft Tissue Artifacts Using an Artificial Neural Network to Improve IMU-Based Position Estimation Accuracy", 2022 44th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC), Glasgow, Scotland, 2022 

J. S. Choi, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "IMMU-Based 3D Orientation Estimation Using a Recurrent Neural Network: Comparison of Estimation Accuracy with Conventional Filters on Disturbed Conditions", 2022 37th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Geoje, Korea, pp.32~33 2022

C. J. Lee, J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Performance Improvement of IMU-Based Attitude Estimation on Accelerated Conditions by Applying an LSTM network", 2022 The 37th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Geoje, Korea, pp.466~467 2022

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Effects of Time-variation of Segment-to-joint Vector on the Estimation Accuracy of Joint Torque in Inverse Dynamics Based on Wearable Inertial Sensor", 2021 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Busan, Korea, 2021

C. J. Lee, H. B. Lee, J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Inertial Sensor Data-Based Machine Learning for Multi-classification of Fall Direction", 2021 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Busan, Korea, 2021

J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Performance Comparison of Neural Network and Kalman Filter for IMU-Based Attitude Estimation", 2021 Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Busan, Korea, 2021

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Effects of STA-related Joint Angles in Variation of Segment-to-Joint Vector on Relative Position Estimation Accuracy between Body Segments", The 21st International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS), Jeju, Korea, 2021

J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "A Kalman Filter for Inverse Dynamics Calculation of IMMU-Based Real-time Joint Moment Estimation", The 21st International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS), Jeju, Korea, 2021

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Investigation of How to Affect Selection of Deformation-related Parameters on Accuracy of Relative Position Estimation", The 36th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Yeosu, Korea, pp.391~392 2021

J. S. Choi, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "A Kalman Filter for Inverse Dynamics to Estimate Joint Torques Using IMU Signals", The 36th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Yeosu, Korea, 2021

J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Optical Camera-free IMU-Based Inverse Dynamics for Joint Moment Estimation", 2021 Spring Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), online, pp.320 2021

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Effects of Variability of Time-varying Segment-to-joint Vectors on Estimation Accuracy of Relative Position between Body Segments", 2021 Spring Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), online, pp.94 2021

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Orientation-Based Relative Position Estimation Using Variable Segment Vectors in Human Motion Tracking with Wearable Inertial Sensors", Annual Meeting of Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (KSME), online, pp.1133~1134 2020

C. J. Lee, J. K. Lee, "IMU-Based Relative Position Estimation between Deformable Body Segments by Determination of Segment-to-joint Vectors", Autumn Conference of The Korean Sensors Society, Gangreung, Korea, pp.89 2020

J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Investigation of How to Deal with External Accelerations in an IMU-Based Attitude Estimation Kalman Filter", 2020 20th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS), online, pp.1305~1036 2020

J. S. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Effects of Acceleration-related Covariance on the Attitude Estimation Accuracy on Wearable IMU-Based Human Motion Tracking", 2020 Annual Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), online, pp.355 2020

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Simultaneous Estimation of Relative Orientation and Position Considering Soft Tissue Artifacts", 2020 Annual Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), online, pp.87 2020

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Estimation of 3D Joint Angle between Constrained Body Segments Using Inertial Sensors but Without Relying on a Azimuth Reference Sensor", 2020 Annual Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE) pp.356 2020

C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Simultaneous Estimation of Joint Angle and Relative Position of the Human Body Segments Combining Integration of Relative Acceleration", 2020 The 35th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Sokcho, Korea, pp.223~224 2020

D. H. Jo, C. J. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Verification of 3D Inverse Dynamics Method for Joint Torque Estimation under Various Walking Speeds", 2020 The 35th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Sokcho, Korea, pp.250~251 2020

W. C. Jung, and J. K. Lee, "Treadmill-to-Overground Mapping of Marker Trajectory for Treadmill-Based Gait Analysis", 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Berlin, Germany, 2019

J. K. Lee, T. H. Jeon, and W. C. Jung, "Joint Angle Estimation Using Kinematic Constraint Instead of Magnetometer Signals", 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Berlin, Germany, 2019

W. C. Jung, D. H. Jo, and J. K. Lee, "Elimination of Magnetic Distortion-Induced Inaccuracy in Joint Angle Estimation Using Joint Constraint in Dynamic Conditions", 2019 The 34th Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Geongju, Korea, pp.331~332 2019

J. K. Lee, and T. H. Jeon, "A Constraint-Augmented Approach to Joint Angle Determination for Ubiquitous Inertial Motion Capture", 2019 The 8th International Conference on Information and Electronics Engineering (ICIEE), 2019 2nd International Conference on Mechatronics, Control and Robotics (ICMCR), Fukuoka, Japan, 2019

T. H. Jeon, and J. K. Lee, "Heading Estimation Kalman Filter Combining a Kinematic Constraint to Reduce Magnetic Distortion-Induced Inaccuracy", Annual Meeting of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSME), Kangwon, Korea, pp.1232~1233 2018

W. C. Jung, T. H. Jeon, and J. K. Lee, "Determination of Sensor-to-Joint Center Position Vector Using IMU Signals and a Kinematic Constraint", Annual Meeting of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSME), Kangwon, Korea, pp.2143~2144 2018

J. K. Lee, and W. C. Jung, "Vertical Position Estimation of a Constrained Link Using IMU Signals and Kinematic Constraint", 2018 IEEE Sensors, Delhi, India, pp.1452~1455 2018

J. K. Lee, and T. H. Jeon, "IMU-Based but Magnetometer-free Joint Angle Estimation of Constrained Links", 2018 IEEE Sensors, Delhi, India, pp.1240~1243 2018. Watch the presentation by Mr. Jeon on Youtube [Link].

T. H. Jeon, and J. K. Lee, "IMU-Based Joint Angle Estimation Using Kinematic Constraints", 2018 The 33rd Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Byunsan, Korea, pp.36~37 2018

W. C. Jung, and J. K. Lee, "Orientation Alignment Method of Two Different Coordinate Systems Using Angular Velocity", 2018 The 33rd Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Byunsan, Korea, pp.34~35 2018

T. H. Jeon, W. C. Jung, and J. K. Lee, "Estimation Performance Depending on Solutions to Ellipsoid Fitting related Least Square Equation for Magnetometer Calibration", Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Gonjiam,  Korea, pp.61 2017

T. H. Jeon, M. J. Choi, S. B. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "Effect of Sensor Acceleration on IMU-Based Joint Angle Estimation Performance", Autumn Conference of Korean Society for Precision Engineering (KSPE), Gonjiam, Korea, pp.337 2017

J. K. Lee, "3D Posture Tracking in Magnetically Perturbed Environments for Robust Inertial Motion Capture Systems", The 8th International Conference on Innovations in Engineering, Technology, Computers and Applied Sciences (IETCAS), Bangkok, Thailand, pp.35 2017

J. K. Lee, "Sourceless Tracking of Body Posture for Unconstrained Long-Term Monitoring", 2017 9th International Conference on Information Management and Engineering (ICIME), 2017 2nd International Conference on Medical Information and Bioengineering (ICMIB), Barcelona, Spain, 2017

M. J. Choi, T. H. Jeon, and J. K. Lee, "Variable State Kalman Filter for Ambulatory Estimation of Human Segment Orientation in Magnetically Disturbed Environments", The 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Jeju, Korea, 2017

J. K. Lee, J. I. Son, T. H. Jeon, and M. J. Choi, "Preliminary Study on Fall Type Identification Using Waist-attached IMU Signals", The 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Jeju, Korea, 2017

J. K. Lee, and M. J. Choi, "Fusion of Inertial and Barometric Sensors for Estimation of Vertical Trajectory", 2017 2nd International Conference on Measurement Instrumentation and Electronics (ICMIE), Prague, Czech, 2017

T. H. Jeon, and J. K. Lee, "Magnetometer Calibration Method Using Ellipsoid-fitting", 2017 The 32nd Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Sokcho, Korea, pp.288~289 2017

M. J. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Variable Order Magnetic Distortion Modeling for Improvement of Azimuth Estimation Performance", 2017 The 32nd Annual Conference of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems (ICROS), Sokcho, Korea, pp.290~291 2017

J. K. Lee, "Magnetometer-Free 3D Orientation Estimation Only Based on 6-axis IMU Signals for Ambulatory Applications", The 7th TSME International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (TSME-ICoME), Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2016

S. I. Ji, M. J. Choi, and J. K. Lee, "Integration of IMU and Barometer for Estimation of Vertical Position and Velocity", Conference of The Korean Sensors Society, Daegu, Korea, pp.30~31 2016

M. J. Choi, S. I. Ji, S. B. Lee, and J. K. Lee, "A Two-Step Kalman Filter for Accurate Orientation Estimation Under Magnetically Perturbed Environments", Conference of The Korean Sensors Society, Daegu, Korea, pp.26~27 2016

J. K. Lee, "A Parallel Kalman Filter for Estimation of Human Body Segment Orientation Using Wearable IMMU", Proceedings of the Global Joint Conference on Industrial Engineering and Its Application Areas, Istanbul, Turkey, pp.74~75 2016

J. K. Lee, and S. I. Ji, "Ambulatory Measurement of Human Body Orientation Based on Inertial and Magnetic Sensor for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation", 10th International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine World Congress (ISPRM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2016

J. K. Lee, "A Sequential Kalman Filter Approach for Estimation of Human Body Orientation Based on Body-attached IMMU Signals", International Work-Conference on Bioinformatics and BioMedical Engineering (IWBBIO), Granada, Spain, pp.13~14 2016

J. K. Lee, "Quaternion based Pseudo Kalman Filter for Wearable Inertial/magnetic Sensor Applications", The 8th International Conference on Computer Research and Development (ICCRD), The 4th International Conference on Intelligent and Automation Systems (ICIAS), The 2nd International Conference on Sensors, Materials and Manufacturing (ICSMM), NhaTrang, Vietnam, pp.11 2016

J. K. Lee, and S. I. Ji, "Adaptive Indirect Kalman Filter for Accurate Orientation Determination during Accelerated Conditions", Conference of The Korean Sensors Society, Pohang, Korea, pp.42 2015

J. K. Lee, C. H. Lee, and D. S. Bae, "Use of Parametric Generalized Coordinated for Efficient Kinematic Constraint Formulation of Low Degree-of-Freedom Joints", Spring Conference of The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers, Busan, Korea, pp.221~222 2013

J. K. Lee, Geoffrey T. Desmoulin, Aslam H. Khan, and Edward J. Park, "A Portable Inertial Sensing-based Spinal Motion Measurement System for Low Back Pain Assessment", 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Boston, USA, pp.4737~4740 2011

O. AZIZ, J. K. Lee, S. N. ROBINOBITCH, and E. J. Park, "Capturing the Cause and Circumstances of Falls Through Wearable Sensors", International Society of Gerontechnology 7th World Conference (ISG), Vancouver, Canada, pp.165~166 2010

J. K. Lee, and Edward J. Park, "A Minimum-Order Kalman Filter for Ambulatory Real-Time Human Body Orientation Tracking", 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), Kobe, Japan, pp.3565~3570 2009

J. K. Lee, and Edward J. Park, "A Fast Gauss-Newton Optimizer for Estimating Human Body Orientation", 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Vancouver, Canada, pp.1679~1682 2008