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About These Figures
About These Figures
The figures below summarize preliminary descriptive patterns in the current Trade Bargaining Dataset (TBD), including negotiation outcomes, duration, and geographic coverage. Data collection, validation, and geographic expansion are ongoing. Figures may be updated in future versions.
Not All Negotiations End in Agreements
Not All Negotiations End in Agreements
Among the 558 launched negotiations currently recorded in the TBD, 393 (70.4%) resulted in signed agreements. The remaining negotiations were either discontinued (104; 18.6%) or ongoing (61; 10.9%) as of 2025.
Note: The TBD includes 600+ cases overall. This figure covers the 558 launched negotiations, excluding proposals still under study.
Trade Negotiations Take Different Amounts of Time
Trade Negotiations Take Different Amounts of Time
Trade negotiations vary substantially in length. Some conclude quickly, while others remain active for years, become discontinued, or remain unresolved.
This variation is difficult to observe in datasets limited to signed agreements. The TBD helps reveal the varied paths countries take when pursuing trade cooperation.
The figure below shows the number of concluded, ongoing, and discontinued trade negotiations across different duration ranges, measured in months. (Note: The zero-duration bars represent talks that were announced or launched but for which no subsequent bargaining activity was identified. Because no later meeting date is available, their observed duration falls in the zero-month interval.)
Cross-National Variation in Negotiation Outcomes
Cross-National Variation in Negotiation Outcomes
The figures below show that trade-negotiation outcomes vary across countries. Some countries have concluded a larger share of their launched negotiations, while others have experienced more discontinued talks.
Note: Rates should be interpreted cautiously because countries differ in the number, timing, and composition of negotiations in which they participate.
Share of Launched Negotiations Resulting in Signed Agreements
Share of Launched Negotiations Classified as Discontinued
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