Hashimoto’s disease is also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or autoimmune thyroiditis. In comparison to Asia and Africa, Latin America has a higher prevalence of HT (Jin et al., 2022). In the United States, 1 to 2 percent of the population has Hashimoto thyroiditis. In the US, the illness is the most frequent cause of hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid (MedlinePlus, 2020). 

In the United States and those regions of the world where iodine consumption is adequate, Hashimoto is the most frequent cause of hypothyroidism beyond the age of six. According to estimates, the incidence for men is 0.8 per 1000 per year and for women it is 3.5 per 1000 per year. 

According to twin research, monozygotic twins have a higher concordance of autoimmune thyroiditis than dizygotic twins. Danish research have shown that monozygotic twin concordance rates are 55%, while dizygotic twin concordance rates are barely 3%. From this, it was deduced that 79% of predisposition is due to leaving 21% to environmental and sex hormone influences 

(Mincer & Jialal, 2022).