REFERENCES AND SOURCES

Complete guide arranged and converted to sites format from original google doc format by Huwa

1. WINGERTER, KENNETH. “Aquarium Fish: Use of MS-222 (Tricaine Methanesulfonate) to Induce Sedation and Anesthesia in Ornamental Fishes.” - Advanced Aquarist | Aquarist Magazine and Blog, 10 Jan. 2011, www.advancedaquarist.com/2010/11/fish. MS-222 USE INFORMATION SOURCE.

2. JOHN H. SCHACHTE, Furunculosis in Stock Fish. Glfc.org,, www.glfc.org/pubs/SpecialPubs/sp83_2/pdf/chap25.pdf. Furunculosis Information 

3. “Furunculosis in Fish.” Procyon Lotor (Raccoon), CAB International, www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/81888.

4. PARISOT, THOMAS J. “TUBERCULOSIS OF FISH.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC180955/. A Review of The Literature with a Description of The Disease in Salmonoid Fish

5. “Mycobacteriosis.” Cfsph.iastate.edu, Iowa State University, The Center for Food Security and Public Health,Institute for International Cooperation in Animal Biologics, www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/mycobacterium_marinum.pdf. Fish Tuberculosis, Picine Tuberculosis, Swimming Pool Granuloma, Fish Tank Granuloma, Fish Handler’s Disease, Fish Handler’s Nodules

6. “Mycobacteriosis.” Cfsph.iastate.edu, Iowa State University, The Center for Food Security and Public Health,Institute for International Cooperation in Animal Biologics, www.cfsph.iastate.edu/Factsheets/pdfs/mycobacterium_marinum.pdf Fish Tuberculosis, Picine Tuberculosis, Swimming Pool Granuloma, Fish Tank Granuloma, Fish Handler’s Disease, Fish Handler’s Nodules

7. Matter, A.F.; Abbass,A.A, Abd El Gawad, E. A., El –Asely, A. M., Shaheen, A.A. “Study of Myxosporidiosis in Some Freshwater Fishes.” BENHA VETERINARY MEDICAL JOURNAL, VOL. 25, NO. 2:316‐325, DECEMBER 2013, Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt, www.bvmj.bu.edu.eg/issues/25-2/32.pdf.

8. Justin Stilwell and Roy P. E. Yanong. “Myxosporidiosis (Myxozoan Infections) In Warmwater Fish.” Edis.ifas.ufl.edu, University of Florida IFAS Extension, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/FA/FA20100.pdf.

9. SCHACHTE, JOHN H. “Bacterial Gill Disease.” Glfc.org, New York Department of Environmental Conservation, www.glfc.org/pubs/SpecialPubs/sp83_2/pdf/chap20.pdf.

10. Dr Gerald Bassleer. “Is It Ich?” Bassleer.com, INFOFISH, www.bassleer.com/ornamentalfishexporters/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2016/12/INFOFISHFish-Health-_-05-2012.pdf.

11. Admin. “Velvet Disease (Oodinium).” The Fish Doctor, The Fish Doctor, 26 Mar. 2015, thefishdoctor.co.uk/velvet-disease-oodinium/.

12. “Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia.” Cfsph.iastate.edu, Iowa State University, The Center for Food Security and Public Health, 2009, www.cfsph.iastate.edu/FastFacts/pdfs/viral_hemorrhagic_septicemia_F.pdf.

13. NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. “NOAA National Center for Research on Aquatic Invasive Species (NCRAIS).” Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon Marinus) - Species Profile, nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/greatlakes/FactSheet.aspx?SpeciesID=2656&Potential=N&Type=1&HUCNumber=DHuron.

14. Jared Remington. “Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus.” Depts.washington.edu, Aquatic Invasion Ecology University of Washington, depts.washington.edu/oldenlab/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Novirhabdovirus_Remington_2014.pdf.

15. “The Goldfish Sanctuary.” The Goldfish Sanctuary, Proper Goldfish Care, www.csh.rit.edu/~tonyl/goldfish/testarea/slime.htm.

16. “Learning Center.” Tetra, www.tetra-fish.com/learning-center/troubleshooting/fish-illnesses-how-to-spot-them.aspx.

17. Vinay Verma. “Fungus Disease in Fish, Diagnosis and Treatment.” Researchgate.net, Feed & Fodder Technology Laboratory Animal Nutrition Division Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly-243122, www.researchgate.net/publication/36448400_Fungus_disease_in_fish_diagnosis_and_treatment.

18. Argentine Sword - Echinodorus Argentinensis, aquarium.inf.ovh/aquarium/ichthyosporidium.

19. Nyaoke, Akinyi C, "Exophiala Infection in Aquaria: Identification, Environmental Study and Challenge Experiments" (2010). Doctoral Dissertations. AAI3451206. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/AAI3451206

20. Original by F. Langvad and Engjom Revised and updated by D. W. Bruno. “Infection with Exophiala Salmonis.” Http://Www.ices.dk, International Council for The Exploration of The Sea, www.ices.dk/sites/pub/Publication Reports/Disease Leaflets/Sheet no 42.pdf. ICES IDENTIFICATION LEAFLETS FOR DISEASES AND PARASITES OF FISH AND SHELLFISH

21. Ryan L. Lane and Joseph E. Morris. “Biology, Prevention, and Effects of Common Grubs (Digenetic Trematodes) in Freshwater Fish.” Lib.dr.iastate.edu, Department of Animal Ecology Iowa State University, In Cooperation with USDA’s Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service , Nov. 2000, lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1006&context=ncrac_techbulletins. USDA Grant # 99-38500-7376 Technical Bulletin Series # 115

22. Gaskins, J. E., and P. J. Cheung. “Exophiala Pisciphila.” SpringerLink, Springer, link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00443521.

23. Li, D M, and G S de. “Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis--a Cure at What Lengths?” Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports., U.S. National Library of Medicine, June 2009, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19467477.

24. Yanong, Roy P. E. “Lymphocystis Disease in Fish.” EDIS New Publications RSS, Agronomy, 26 Sept. 2016, edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fa181.

25. “Fin Rot.” NeuroImage, Academic Press, www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/fin-rot.

26. “Fish Fin Rot Treatment, Symptoms, and Prevention.” Thomas Labs, www.thomaslabs.com/product/fish-fin-rot/fish-articles.

27. Officialcflas. “Treating Pop-Eye.” Central Florida Aquarium Society, 9 Apr. 2015, cflas.org/2015/04/09/treating-pop-eye/.

28. Gokhlesh Kumar,corresponding author Simon Menanteau-Ledouble, Mona Saleh, and Mansour El-Matbouli. “Yersinia Ruckeri, the Causative Agent of Enteric Redmouth Disease in Fish.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, 24 Sept. 2015, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4581093/.

29. Rocco C. Cipriano. AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA AND MOTILE AEROMONAS SEPTICEMIAS OF FISH. U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, National Fish Health Research Laboratory 11700 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, West Virginia 25430 FISH DISEASE LEAFLET 68 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Fishery Research Washington, D. C. 20240 2001 Revision of Fish Disease Leaflet 68 (1984), "Aeromonas Hydrophila And Motile Aeromonas Septicemias Of Fish,” by R. C. Cipriano, G. L. Bullock, and S. W. Pyle, articles.extension.org/sites/default/files/w/1/1e/Aeromonas_hydrophila.pdf.

30. “Bacteria Pathogens of Fish.” Enron: What Caused the Ethical Collapse, This Is Calabash, webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/courses/aq448/diseases/bacteria.htm.

31. R.Ç. Öztürk and İ. Altınok / Turk. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 14: 275-297 (2014). “Bacterial and Viral Fish Diseases in Turkey.” Trjfas.org, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Marine Science, Department of Fisheries Technology Engineering, 61530 Surmene, Trabzon, Turkey, www.trjfas.org/uploads/pdf_128.pdf. * Corresponding Author: Tel.: 90.462 3778083; Fax: 90.462 7522158; E-mail: ialtinok@ktu.edu.tr

32. “PetCoach - Ask a Vet Online for Free, 24/7.” Ask A Vet Online For Free 24/7 - PetCoach, www.petcoach.co/article/common-aquarium-fish-bacterial-infections-causes-symptoms-a/.

33. “Vibriosis.” About Assiut|Assiut University|Assiut|Egypt, www.aun.edu.eg/developmentvet/fish diseases/2_7.htm.

34. Catherine A. Hadfield,Brent R. Whitaker, E. Scott Weber III. “VIBRIOSIS.” Cdn.ymaws.com, American Association of Zoo Veterinarians Infectious Disease Committee Manual 2013, cdn.ymaws.com/www.aazv.org/resource/resmgr/IDM/IDM_Vibriosis_2013.pdf.

35. Zoonotic Diseases – Fish. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND SAFETY | OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, www.ucdenver.edu/research/Research Administration Documents/Fish.pdf.

36. “EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME .” Http://Www.oie.int, www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/aahm/2009/2.3.02_EUS.pdf.

37. “Red Spot Disease.” NSW Department of Primary Industries, 26 Apr. 2016,www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/fishing/pests-diseases/animal-health/wildfish-shellfish/red-spot.

38. “EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME (EUS).” What You Need to Know about EPIZOOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME (EUS) An Extension Brochure, e Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) ,Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch Communication Division , 2009, www.fao.org/docrep/016/i0777e/i0777e.pdf.© FAO 2009

39. “Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome.” Procyon Lotor (Raccoon), CAB International, 14 July 2018, www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/83971.

40. Ruth Francis-Floyd. “Mycobacterial Infections of Fish.” SRAC-Publication-No.-4706-Mycobacterial-Infections-of-Fish.pdf, Southern Regional Aquaculture Center, 11AD, fisheries.tamu.edu/files/2013/09/SRAC-Publication-No.-4706-Mycobacterial-Infections-of-Fish.pdf.

41. “Fungal Infection.” Betta Boxx, www.bettaboxx.com/betta-disease-illness/fungal-infection/.

42. “Fungal Infections in Fish.” PetMD, LLC, www.petmd.com/fish/conditions/skin/c_fi_saprolegnia.

43. “Henneguya.” Common Diseases of Wild and Cultured Fishes in Alaska, www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/species/disease/pdfs/fishdiseases/henneguya.pdf.

44. Juozas VIRBICKAS, Rûta JANKAUSKIENË, Vesta ARBAÈIAUSKIENË,Nijolë KAZLAUSKIENË, Zita VOSYLIENË, Dalia LUKÐIENË. “MYXOBACTERIOSIS OF JUVENILE SALMONIDAE  AN INDICATOROF THEIR WEAKENING PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS.” Researchgate.net, Institute of Ecology, Akademijos 2, 2600 Vilnius, Lithuania. E-Mail: Ekolfiziol@Aiva.lt, www.researchgate.net/publication/254326803_Myxobacteriosis_of_Juvenile_Salmonidae_-_an_Indicator_of_their_Weakening_Physiological_Status.

45. Justin Stilwell and Roy P. E. Yanong. “Myxosporidiosis (Myxozoan Infections) in Warmwater Fish1.” Researchgate.net, University of Florida IFAS Extension, www.researchgate.net/publication/327228935_Myxosporidiosis_Myxozoan_Infections_in_Warmwater_Fish.

46. “Saprolegniasis - Cotton Wool Disease.” Adfg.alaska.gov, www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/species/disease/pdfs/fishdiseases/saprolegniasis.pdf.

47. Andrew E. Goodwin. “4.2.1 Branchiomycosis.” Units.fisheries.org, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Aquaculture/Fisheries Center 1200 N University Dr., Pine Bluff, AR 71601 Phone: 870-489-5997 Agoodwin@Uaex.edu, June 2012, units.fisheries.org/fhs/wp-content/uploads/sites/30/2017/08/4.2.1-Branchiomycosis-2014.pdf.

48. Janet Whaley; Ruth Francis-Floyd. “A Comparison of Metronidazole Treatments for Hexamitiasis in Angelfish.” Powered By VIN, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences and Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, www.vin.com/apputil/content/defaultadv1.aspx?id=3981436&pid=11108&print=1.

49. NAABD EL-GHANY, NADIA A. ABD EL-GHANY1 AND HODA M. L. ABD ALLA2. “A TRIAL FOR TREATMENT OF ICHTHYOPHONOSIS IN CULTURED OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS USING FUCUS AND NEEM PLANTS.” Ag.arizona.edu, 1. Dept. of Fish Diseases, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. 2. Animal Health Research Institute, Zagazig. Lab. Egypt., ag.arizona.edu/azaqua/ista/ISTA8/NadiaAbdelGhani.doc.

50. Admin. “The Danger and Treatment of Anchor Worms.” The Fish Doctor, The Fish Doctor, 21 Nov. 2017, thefishdoctor.co.uk/medicine/treatment-anchor-worms/.

51. Aquaticcommunity. Breeding Synodontis Multipunctatus - Cuckoo Catfish, www.aquaticcommunity.com/disease/ichthyosporidium.php.

52. Aukes, Brian. “ARGULUS (Fish Lice).” Changes in Fish Color, www.nationalfishpharm.com/articles/argulus.html.

53. “Branchiomycosis (Gill Rot).” About Assiut|Assiut University|Assiut|Egypt, www.aun.edu.eg/developmentvet/fish diseases/4_1.htm.

54. Mark D.Powell*†Muhammad N.Yousaf‡. “Cardiovascular Effects of Disease: Parasites and Pathogens.” NeuroImage, Academic Press/* Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway † Institute for Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ‡ Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Harstad, Norway, 14 Nov. 2017, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1546509817300328.

55. NADIA A. ABD EL-GHANY1 AND AHMED M.M. EL-ASHRAM2. DIAGNOSIS OF ICHTHYOPHONIASIS IN OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS IN EGYPT BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR). 1. Fish Diseases Dept., Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza. 2. Fish Diseases Dept., Central Lab. For Aquaculture Research (El-Abbassa), Agriculture Research Center, Egypt, ag.arizona.edu/azaqua/ista/ISTA8/Ichthyophoniasis.doc.

56. 8th International Symposium on Tilapia in Aquaculture 2008

57. Lemnique N Wafer,* Jesse C Whitney, V Behrana Jensen. “Fish Lice (Argulus Japonicus) in Goldfish (Carassius Auratus).” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, Comp Med. 2015 Apr; 65(2): 93–95., Apr. 2015, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4408894/.

58. : Ajay Patel, Department of Livestock Products Technology, College Of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, JAU, Junagadh, Gujarat, India, Tel: 9874561230; Email: dr.ajaypatelvet2012@gmail.com. “Fungal Diseases of Fish: A Review.” Patel AS, Et Al. Fungal Diseases of Fish: A Review. Vet Sci Res 2018, 3(3): 000164. Medwinpublishers.com,1Department of Livestock Products Technology, College Of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, India 2Krishi Vigyan Kendra (ICAR), Samoda, India 3Department of Livestock Production Management, College Of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, India , Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research, Medwin Publishers, , medwinpublishers.com/OAJVSR/OAJVSR16000164.pdf.

59. “Ichthyophonus.” Common Diseases of Wild and Cultured Fishes in Alaska, www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/species/disease/pdfs/fishdiseases/ichthyophonus.pdf.

60. PROTOZOA/FUNGUS

61. “Ichthyophonus.” NeuroImage, Academic Press, www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/ichthyophonus.

62. Ruth Francis-Floyd and Peggy Reed. “Management of Hexamita in Onramental Cichlids.” D:\TESTING\HB\WP61\VM05300.WPD, University of Florida IFAS Extension, articles.extension.org/sites/default/files/w/0/02/Management_of_hexamita_in_ornamental_cichlids.pdf.

63. “Fish Tapeworm Infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia.” MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001375.htm.

64. “More Information on Dactylogyrus Gill Flukes Disease.” FishBase, www.fishbase.se/diseases/diseasessummary2.php?discode=32. TREMATODES TREATMENT INFORMATION CITED.

65. “Tapeworm, How to Treat an Infection of Your Pond Fish?” Velda, www.velda.com/pond-fish/diseases/tapework/.

66. Victorian Fisheries Authority. “Some Parasites of Freshwater Fish.” VFA, Victorian Fisheries Authority, Mar. 2008, vfa.vic.gov.au/operational-policy/pests-and-diseases/some-parasites-of-freshwater-fish.

67. “Parasitic Diseases in Fish.” Ram Selection / Ag.ansc.purdue.edu, ag.ansc.purdue.edu/courses/aq448/diseases/parasites.htm. Mainly protozoa parasites but also more

68. “Koi Herpes Virus Disease (KHV) (Also Known as Carp Interstitial Nephritis and Gill Necrosis Virus).” .Agriculture.gov.au, Aquatic Animal Diseases Significant to Australia: Identification Field Guide 4th Edition / Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry , www.agriculture.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/animal-plant/aquatic/field-guide/4th-edition/finfish/koi-herpes-virus-disease.pdf.

69. “KOI HERPESVIRUS DISEASE.” chapitre_koi_herpesvirus.Xml, © OIE - Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals , 10 Dec. 2018, www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/aahm/current/chapitre_koi_herpesvirus.pdf.

70. “Viral Diseases in Aquaculture.” Epizone-Eu.net, www.epizone-eu.net/en/Home/show/Viral-diseases-in-aquaculture.htm.

71. Michael Gotesman1 , Julia Kattlun1 , Sven M. Bergmann2 , Mansour El-Matbouli1,*. “CyHV-3: the Third Cyprinid Herpesvirus.” Disease of Aquatic Organisms 105:163, Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria 2 Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Infectology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany, www.int-res.com/articles/dao_oa/d105p163.pdf.

72. “Cyprinid Herpesvirus 1 Infection.” Procyon Lotor (Raccoon), CAB International, www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/86264.

73. Benjamin Michel, Guillaume Fournier, François Lieffrig, Bérénice Costes, and Alain Vanderplasschen, Author affiliations: University of Liège, Liège, Belgium (B. Michel, G. Fournier, B. Costes, A. Vanderplasschen); Centre d'Economie Rurale Groupe, Marloie, Belgium (F. Lieffrig) corresponding authorCorresponding author. Address for correspondence: Alain Vanderplasschen, Immunology-Vaccinology (B43b), Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; email: eb.ca.glu@nehcssalpdv.a. “Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3294573/.

74. Andy Goodwin1. “Herpesviruses in Fish.” Agrilifecdn.tamu.edu, Southern Regional AquacultureCenter, agrilifecdn.tamu.edu/fisheries/files/2013/09/SRAC-Publication-No.-4710-Herpesviruses-in-Fish.pdf.

75. Nicholas Crossland,* John Hawke, and Fabio Del PieroDepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge,Louisiana 70803, USAYulia SokolovaMicroscopy Center, Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USAThomas Waltzek and Pedro ViadannaDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville,Florida 32611, USA. “Investigation of a Cyprinid Herpesvirus 1 Disease Episode in a Group OfPond-Reared Koi.” Researchgate.net, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health©2018 American Fisheries SocietyISSN: 0899-7659 Print / 1548-8667 OnlineDOI: 10.1002/Aah.10022, www.researchgate.net/publication/324609455_Investigation_of_a_Cyprinid_Herpesvirus_1_Disease_Episode_in_a_Group_of_Pond-Reared_Koi.

76. M. Adamek1 , G. Rauch2 , G. Brogden1 , D. Steinhagen1. “Small Interfering RNA Treatment Can Inhibit Cyprinid Herpesvirus 3 Associated Cell Death in Vitro.” Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences Vol. 17, No. 4, 1 Fish Disease Research Unit, Centre of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bu¨Nteweg 17, D-30559 Hannover, Germany 2 Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, Westfa¨Lische Wilhelms-Universita¨t Mu¨Nster, Hu¨Fferstraße 1, D-48149 Mu¨Nster, Germany, www.degruyter.com/downloadpdf/j/pjvs.2014.17.issue-4/pjvs-2014-0108/pjvs-2014-0108.pdf.

77. Aquarium FD Vitamins, www.fishdeals.com/fish_diseases/vitamin_deficiencies/.

78. Shirlie Sharpe. “A Short Primer On What What Fish Need to Eat.” The Spruce Pets, TheSprucePets, www.thesprucepets.com/fish-food-nutrition-1378503.

79. Aquarium Fish Nutrition Is in the Ingredients Drs. Foster & Smith Educational Staff. Dr Foster and Smith, www.drsfostersmith.com/pic/article.cfm?articleid=2954.

80. Berillis, Panagiotis. “FACTORS THAT CAN LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SKELETAL DEFORMITIES IN FISHES: A REVIEW.” Journal of FisheriesSciences.com, IMedPub, 27 July 2015, www.fisheriessciences.com/fisheries-aqua/factors-that-can-lead-to-the-development-of-skeletaldeformities-in-fishes-a-review.php?aid=6678.

81. “Channel Catfish Virus.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 29 June 2016, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Channel_catfish_virus#Clinical_signs.

82. “Gas Bubble Disease (GBD).” Adfg.alaska.gov, State of Alaska, www.adfg.alaska.gov/static/species/disease/pdfs/fishdiseases/gas_bubble_disease.pdf.

83. Steven van Beurden and Marc Engelsma Central Veterinary Institute, part of Wageningen UR Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University The Netherlands. “Herpesviruses of Fish, Amphibians and Invertebrates.” Intechopen.com, cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/31266/InTech-Herpesviruses_of_fish_amphibians_and_invertebrates.pdf.

84. Larry Hanson,1,* Arnon Dishon,2 and Moshe Kotler3,4. “Herpesviruses That Infect Fish.” Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, 1 Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 6100, Starkville, MS 39759, USA 2 KoVax Ltd., P.O. Box 45212, Bynet Build., Har Hotzvim Inds. Pk., Jerusalem 97444, Israel; E-Mail: Li.oc.xavok@NohsiD.nonrA 3 Department of Pathology, Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; E-Mail: Li.ca.ijuh.dmke@Kehsom 4 The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91120, Israel * Author to Whom Correspondence Should Be Addressed; E-Mail: Ude.etatssm.mvc@Nosnah; Tel.: 1-662-325-1202; Fax: 1-662-325-1031., www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3230846/.

85. Pete Southgate. “Invasion Of The Eye Flukes.” The Fish Site, The Fish Vet Group, 16 Feb. 2019, thefishsite.com/articles/invasion-of-the-eye-flukes.

86. petMD. “PetMD.” PetMD, 2 Feb. 2017, www.petmd.com/fish/conditions/eyes/c_fi_Eye_Disorders.

87. Dr. Yousuf Jafarey. “Toledo Zoo Fish Health Q&A: Gas Bubble Disease.” - Advanced Aquarist | Aquarist Magazine and Blog, The Toledo Zoo, 6 Aug. 2014, www.advancedaquarist.com/2014/8/fish.

88. Rich Shashaty. “EMERGENCY FISH OPERATION: Venting a Swim Bladder.” REEFEDITION, 10 Dec. 2015, www.reefedition.com/emergency-fish-operation-venting-swim-bladder/. 

89. GEORGE POVEROMO. “Proper Fish Venting.” Salt Water Sportsman, www.saltwatersportsman.com/techniques/rigs-and-tips/proper-fish-venting. 

90. Laboratory Animal Science at the Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, February 2011: Tommy Berger Eriksen, Thomas Fraser, Håkon Gregersen, Mads Kristiansen, Marianne Olufsen, Binoy Rajan, Raul Ramirez, Jareeporn Ruangsri, Øyvind Røn & Michel Guarjardo Sarmiento. The groupwork was compiled into one document by Adrian Smith, Norecopa. “Should Fin Clipping Be Used as a Method for Identification of Fish?” Norecopa.no, norecopa.no/media/7290/fin-clipping-fish.pdf. 

91. Donald L. Neiffer and M. Andrew Stamper. “Fish Sedation, Anesthesia, Analgesia, and Euthanasia: Considerations, Methods, and Types of Drugs.” Vpresearch.louisiana.edu, Department of Animal Health, The Seas, Both for Disney’s Animal Programs in Lake Buena Vista, Florida., vpresearch.louisiana.edu/sites/research/files/NeifferFishSedation.pdf. Volume 50, Number 4 2009

92. “Vent Prolapse - Fish.” Neurotransmitters - Anatomy & Physiology - WikiVet English, en.wikivet.net/Vent_Prolapse_-_Fish.

93. PhuketBetta. “Betta Fish Fins Trimming & Grooming Method. Save Your Fighting Fish by Removing Fin Rot Disease.” YouTube, YouTube, 31 Aug. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuVwMmzo7HE. 

94. TheFishVetDrLoh. “Milking a Goldfish.” YouTube, YouTube, 6 Sept. 2012, www.youtube.com/watch?v=70O28_955pI. 

95. John P. Hawke1. Enteric Septicemia of Catfish. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center, July 2015, webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:N9LC2tlu6-MJ:https://srac.tamu.edu/serveFactSheet/124 &cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us.

96. Thomas Reich. “Fish Basics, the Anatomy and Physiology of Aquarium Fish.” The Spruce Pets, TheSprucePets, www.thesprucepets.com/how-are-all-fish-the-same-4102466. 

97. Orth, Sean Lusk. “What Is the Adipose Fin Good For?” Vtichthyology.blogspot.com, Canadian  Field-Naturalist 101: 245-252 Virginia Tech Ichthyology Class, 1 Jan. 1970, vtichthyology.blogspot.com/2013/03/what-is-adipose-fin-good-for-by-sean.html. 

98. “Advances in Parasitology.” NeuroImage, Academic Press, www.sciencedirect.com/science/bookseries/0065308X. 

99. Liquid. “Aquarium Fish: Use of MS-222 (Tricaine Methanesulfonate) to Induce Sedation and Anesthesia in Ornamental Fishes.” - Advanced Aquarist | Aquarist Magazine and Blog, 10 Jan. 2011, www.advancedaquarist.com/2010/11/fish. 

100. “NEON TETRA DISEASE.” The Aquarium Guide, 25 Sept. 2018, www.theaquariumguide.com/articles/neon-tetra-disease.

101. Carl. “AQUARIUM & POND ANSWERS; Freshwater, Marine, Sick Fish, Lighting, Baths.” Aquarium Answers, Pond | Fish Question and Help Articles, www.aquarium-pond-answers.com/2007/02/neon-tetra-disease.html.

102. “Tumors and Cancers in Fish.” PetMD, www.petmd.com/fish/conditions/cancer/c_fi_Cancer_and_Tumors. 

103. User: daniomom. “Important - How To Get Rid Of Camallanus/Nematode Worms.” Bloodfin Tetra, Fishlore, www.fishlore.com/aquariumfishforum/threads/how-to-get-rid-of-camallanus-nematode-worms.41023/.

104. “FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON TREATING SICK FISH.” Www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk, Practical Fish Keeping, www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/features/articles/frequently-asked-questions-on-treating-sick-fish.

105. O.L.M. Haenen (1)*, J.J. Evans (2) &F. Berthe (3) (1) Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen UR, Laboratory for Fish, Shellfish, and Crustacean Diseases, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB, the Netherlands (2) United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Stoneville, MS, 38776, United States of America (3) European Food Safety Authority, Animal Health and Welfare Panel, Largo N. Palli 5/A, Parma, I-43100, Italy *Corresponding author: Olga.Haenen@wur.nl. “Bacterial Infections from Aquatic Species: Potential for and Prevention of Contact Zoonoses.” Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz., 2013, 32 (2), 497-507, web.oie.int/boutique/extrait/19haenen497507.pdf. 

106. Dr. Kirsten J Harper, Ph.D. & Dr. Kevin Erickson, Ph.D. “Marine Zoonotic Diseases and You.” MASNA » Zoonotic Diseases, MASNA, masna.org/masna-education/zoonotic-diseases/. 

107. S.Seyedmousavi123J.Guillot4A.Tolooe5P.E.Verweij2G.S.de Hoog678910 1) Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands 2) Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands 3) Invasive Fungi Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 4) Department of Parasitology-Mycology, Dynamyic Research Group, EnvA, UPEC, UPE, École Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France 5) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 6) CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands 7) Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 8) Peking University Health Science Center, Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing, China 9) Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China 10) King Abdullaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. “Neglected Fungal Zoonoses: Hidden Threats to Man and Animals.” NeuroImage, Academic Press, 11 Mar. 2015, www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X15003250. 

108. Animal-World. “Fish Disease and Treatment.” Animal World, animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/information/Diseases.htm#Chilodonella.

109. Aquaticcommunity. “Chilodonella.” Chilodonella, www.aquaticcommunity.com/disease/chilodonella.php.

110. Blackwater Creek Koi Farms, Inc. “Introduction to Freshwater Fish Parasites P3.” Fish Parasites p3, www.koisale.com/fish-parasites-p3.html.

111. “Capillaria Worms.” Capillaria Worms - The Free Freshwater and Saltwater Aquarium Encyclopedia Anyone Can Edit - The Aquarium Wiki, www.theaquariumwiki.com/wiki/Capillaria_worms.

112. darkened color and thin/translucent feces

113. “Chilodonella.” Sacramento Koi - Manufacturer of the Advantage Line of Products, sacramentokoi.com/parasites/chilodonella/.

114. “Chilodonella Infections in Pond Fish.” Funky Koi, 22 Apr. 2017, www.funkykoi.com/chilodonella-infections-in-pond-fish/.

115. “Diseases of Farmed Goldfish and Koi.” Diseases of Farmed Goldfish and Koi, www.fish.wa.gov.au/Sustainability-and-Environment/Fisheries-Science/Aquatic-Animal-Health/Pages/Diseases-Of-Farmed-Goldfish-And-Koi.aspx.

116. “Fish Pathogens.” Chilodonella | Fish Pathogens, fishpathogens.net/pathogen/chilodonella.

117. RuthEllen Klinger and Ruth Francis Floyd. “Introduction to Freshwater Fish Parasites.” Introduction to Freshwater Fish Parasites, University of Florida IFAS Extension, Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences (College of Veterinary Medicine), Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences), Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences (College of Veterinary Medicine), Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611. , agrilifecdn.tamu.edu/fisheries/files/2013/09/Introduction-to-Freshwater-Fish-Parasites.pdf .

118. CIR716

119. “Parasites - Capillariasis (Also Known as Capillaria Infection).” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 10 Jan. 2012, www.cdc.gov/parasites/capillaria/faqs.html.

120. “Treatment and Prevention of the Protozoa Chilodonella.” Velda, www.velda.com/pond-fish/diseases/chilodonella/.

121. “Use of Fluke Tabs for Prophylactic Treatment of Capillariasis in Quarantined Adult Zebrafish.” Treatment of Capillariasis, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine Zebrafish Facilities WUSTL-SOP-009: zebrafish.wustl.edu/trtmntCap.htm.

122. “Worms in Tropical Fish.” Vetark.co.uk, www.vetark.co.uk/pages/Worms-in-tropical-fish.aspx?pageid=367.

123. From Cotton Wool Chart (Morphological and biochemical characteristics of F. columnare): 

[1] - Bernardet JF, Bowman JP: The genus Flavobacterium. The Prokaryotes: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria: Volume 7: Proteobacteria: Delta and Epsilon Subclasses. Deeply Rooting Bacteria. Edited by: Dworkin M, Falkow S. 2006, New York: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 481-531.

[3] - Bernardet JF, Segers P, Vancanneyt M, Berthe M, Kersters K, Vandamme P: Cutting a Gordian knot: emended classification and description of the genus Flavobacterium, emended description of the family Flavobacteriaceae, and proposal of Flavobacterium hydatis nom. nov. (basonym, Cytophaga aquatilis Strohl and Tait 1978). Int J Syst Evol Bacteriol. 1996, 46: 128-148. 10.1099/00207713-46-1-128.

[10] - Ourth DD, Bachinski LM: Bacterial sialic acid modulates activation of the alternative complement pathway of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Dev Comp Immunol. 1987, 11: 551-564. 10.1016/0145-305X(87)90044-9.

[11] - Decostere A, Haesebrouck F, Van Driessche E, Charlier G, Ducatelle R: Characterization of the adhesion of Flavobacterium columnare (Flexibacter columnaris) to gill tissue. J Fish Dis. 1999, 22: 465-474. 10.1046/j.1365-2761.1999.00198.x.

[12] - Decostere A, Haesebrouck F, Devriese LA: Characterization of four Flavobacterium columnare (Flexibacter columnaris) strains isolated from tropical fish. Vet Microbiol. 1998, 62: 35-45. 10.1016/S0378-1135(98)00196-5.

Chart From: https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1297-9716-44-27

• Annelies Maria Declercq, et al. “Columnaris Disease in Fish: a Review with Emphasis on Bacterium-Host Interactions.” Veterinary Research, BioMed Central, 24 Apr. 2013, veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1297-9716-44-27. 

Notable Fish Illness and Disease Resources:

While there are a variety of easy to follow and accurate websites and sources for fish illnesses, having a variety of resources to use is very important. During the creation of this guide, I have come across a few very useful and accurate guides that can also be looked at:

1. Modest Fish’s disease guide is a quick and easy to follow reference for online viewing: https://modestfish.com/fish-disease-guide/ 

2. This website contains helpful information related to bacterial infections in fish: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/courses/aq448/diseases/bacteria.htm

ALL IMAGE SOURCES ARE PROVIDED UNDER IMAGES THEMSELVES. THEY ARE NOT CITED HERE.