The medium and long-term rebuilding and sustainable restoration of resilient critical infrastructures, services, housing, facilities and livelihoods required for the full functioning of a community or a society affected by a disaster, aligning with the principles of resilient and sustainable development and “build back better”, to avoid or reduce future disaster risks.[1]
The restoring or improving of livelihoods and health, as well as economic, physical, social, cultural and environmental assets, systems and activities, of a disaster-affected community or society, aligning with the principles of resilient and sustainable development and “build back better,” to avoid or reduce future disaster risks.[2]
System to collect complaints from beneficiaries. It is the responsibility of each partner to have a complaints mechanism in place, and to inform the FSC for coordination of services and possible referrals. It is the responsibility of the FSC to map services and focal points for each system that partners have in place, with email and contact number of relevant persons.
A surge in migration of people who have been exposed to war or unrest, violence, persecution, natural disasters, environmental crises, poverty or other factors.[3]Refugee influxes happen when events in a neighbouring country cause people to cross the border in search of security, food and other survival needs, imposing extraordinary demands on the food supply systems, natural and other resources of the host country.
The restoration of basic services facilities and livelihoods for the functioning of a community or a society affected by a disaster.[4]
Resident Coordinators lead UN country teams and are the designated representatives of the Secretary-General for development operations, with the aim to bring together the different UN agencies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of operational activities at the country level.[5]
The ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to prevent and mitigate disasters and crises as well as to anticipate, resist, absorb and accommodate to and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely, efficient and sustainable manner. This includes the preservation, restoration and improvement of its essential basic structures, livelihood systems and functions in the face of threats that impact agriculture, food and nutrition (and related public health).[6]
The resilience analysis matrix shows how measures at each level of society (individuals, households, communities, institutions, states) contribute to strengthen three types of capacities (Absorptive Capacity; Adaptive Capacity; Transformative Capacity).[7]
Resilience of what? (e.g. people’s livelihood system, food system, food security and nutrition; Resilience to what? e.g. to large natural, geopolitical and economic disasters and crises and small localized shocks affecting families and individuals); Resilience for whom? (e.g. for national institutions, vulnerable communities and households, farming/fishery communities, refugee/host communities, women’s communities & community organizations); Resilience over what timeframe? (e.g. over the short-to medium timeframe, with a focus on operations linking relief, rehabilitation and development); Resilience to what threshold of well-being? (e.g. survival, poverty thresholds, basic needs, development needs).[8]
A tool to assess to what extent a project contributes to increase household’s HH resilience capacity. It aims at marking a cluster of projects, based on their contributions to household resilience.[9]
The provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster or crisis in order to save lives and livelihoods, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.[10]
Exercise by which available data (preferably an assessment) informs decision making to define the most appropriate response. It is done collectively with key stakeholders (Strategic Advisory Group or technical WG). FAO developed a Response Analysis Framework.[11]
The right to adequate food as a human right was first formally recognized by the United Nations in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) from 1948, as a part of the right to a decent standard of living. In the UDHR Article 25 it was stated that: “Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.” The human right to food is also established in other international treaties and other instruments, including the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR, 1966) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989). Thus, the rights- based approach to food security has a further legal dimension in that governments have a legal obligation progressively to enable all individuals within their borders not merely to be free from hunger but to produce or procure, in ways that are fully consistent with their human dignity, food that is adequate for an active and healthy life. Realizing the right requires “the availability of food in a quantity and quality sufficient to satisfy the dietary needs of individuals, free from adverse substances, and acceptable within a given culture; the accessibility of such food in ways that are sustainable and that do not interfere with the enjoyment of other human rights”.[12]
Refers to the combination of the probability of an adverse event impacting already vulnerable people and livelihoods that would lead to immediate negative consequences as well as damage to longer term development gains.[13]
A methodology to determine the nature and extent of risk by analysing potential hazards and evaluating existing conditions of vulnerability in a given geographical area, that together could potentially harm exposed people, property, assets, services, livelihoods and the environment on which they depend.[14]
Processes or conditions, often related to development and inequality that influence the level of risk by contributing to exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity.[15]
The array of risks that people are exposed to in a given context.[16]
[1]http://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/terminology
[2]Ibid.
[3]https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/pdf/RefugeeInflux.pdf
[4]http://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/terminology
[5]https://undg.org/leadership/the-un-resident-coordinator/
[6]Ibid. For further information, see also http://www.fao.org/in-action/kore/en/and http://www.fao.org/resilience/en/
[7]GIZ, Boosting Resilience in fragile Contexts (2016)
[8]GIZ, Boosting Resilience in fragile Contexts (2016)
[9]https://fscluster.org/sites/default/files/documents/resilience_marker_20161220.pdf
[10]https://www.unisdr.org/files/7817_UNISDRTerminologyEnglish.pdf
[11]http://www.fao.org/3/a-i1994e.pdf
[12]Source: For a more detailed description please refer to http://www.fao.org/righttofood/about-right-to-food/en/and Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR), General Comment 12, The right to adequate food, 1999. UN Doc. E/C. 12/1999/5 (available at http://www.unhchr.ch/tbs/doc.nsf/(Symbol)/3d02758c707031d58025677f003b-73b9?Opendocument).
[13]https://www.unisdr.org/files/7817_UNISDRTerminologyEnglish.pdf
[14]Ibid.
[15]Ibid.
[16]Ibid.