CATALOGUE OF PRINTED TEXTS

By Claus A. Andersen

This catalogue aims to give a comprehensive and complete overview of all printed late-scholastic Formalist literature (from the early fourteenth to the late eighteenth century). Under ‘Formalist literature,’ we understand the special genre of treatises with a focus on various kinds of distinctions and identities. The genre has its name from John Duns Scotus’s formal distinction. Many of the Formalist treatises recorded here were written by Franciscans adhering to the late-scholastic school of Scotism. However, over time, authors with other scholastic affiliations adopted the genre and wrote treatises, or similar literature, on distinctions in accordance with their own philosophical and theological preferences. The list thus also comprises works of Thomist, Lullist, and Averroist leaning as well as works by authors under particular influence from Giles of Rome or Saint Bonaventure; Jesuit, Minim, Benedictine, and Protestant authors are recorded as well. The genre of the ‘Formalist treatise’ pivots around the discussion of various kinds of distinctions (see under Intro). In the seventeenth century and later, when new Formalist treatises were increasingly seldom produced, the genre had a considerable aftermath both in the Cursus philosophicus literature and in this periods vast theses literature (dissertations written by a professor, acting as praeses, and publicly defended by one or more of his students). This catalogue does not systematically cover the numerous chapters devoted to distinctions in the Early Modern Cursus philosophicus literature; only a few samples of this phenomenon are here recorded. For the presence of such sections in Early Modern Scotist textbooks of philosophy, readers are referred to the documentary appendix in my book Metaphysik im Barockscotismus from 2016 (pages 863–941). Many samples of the vast thesis literature have been adopted; however, given the size of this particular part of the material, completeness can hardly be claimed. It should be noted that many discussions of distinction and identity in this literature are mainly influenced by Jesuit textbooks of philosophy rather than the (for the most part) older Formalist literature. Note too that some manuscript material has been adopted in this catalogue (rather than in the proper Catalogue of Manuscripts), namely such manuscripts that have a special relation to printed editions of Formalist treatises (see, e.g., under Étienne Brulefer and Alessandro Palazzo). The material has been divided into two sections:

1. Formalist Literature (mostly Formalist treatises, but also some other relevant sources)

2. Early Modern Dissertations Concerning Identity and Distinction

This is the first catalogue of Formalist literature ever to be published. In the 1980s, Wolfgang Hübener (1934–2007, Professor of philosophy at the Freie Universität Berlin) produced a similar list. He refers to this work in his seminal article “Robertus Anglicus OFM und die formalistische Tradition” from 1987 (see the Research bibliography on this website), reporting there that he had found more than 90 printed titles from the Formalist tradition. I am grateful to Dr. Stephan Meier-Oeser (University of Münster) for making this list available to me. I have tried to retrieve those few titles in Hübener’s list that I was not previously aware of; in just a few cases, I did not manage to do so, and so I have adopted Hübener’s entries indicating the number of the items in his catalogue. Similarly, a few editions mentioned in Uriël Smeets’s precious catalogue of Scotist literature from 1942 (Lineamenta Bibliographiae Scotisticae) were unfindable, in some cases probably due to error in that old catalogue, but in other cases due to the rarity of the material in question – in which cases, I have reproduced Smeets’s entries along with the item number in his catalogue.

Those relatively few items that I have not been able to consult myself (either online or physically) have been marked with an asterisk. This catalogue is an ongoing endeavour. References from users to items not yet in the catalogue, or similar feedback, will be much appreciated (for contact details, see under Impressum).

© Claus A. Andersen (UCLouvain), 2024

• Distinctiones. Editus et Bononiae impressus per Joannem Antonium de Benedictis, 1510. Online here.

• De distinctionibus. In: Opera omnia. Venetiis, Apud Hieronymum Scotum, 1545. Online here.

• De distinctionibus. In: Opera omnia. Venetiis, Apud Hieronymum Scotum, 1551. Online here.

• De distinctionibus. In: Opera omnia. Venetiis, Apud Hieronymum Scotum, 1568. Online here.

• Tractatus de formalibus et modalibus distinctionibus. Bononiae, Per Iustinianum de Ruberia, 1524. Online description here.

• Ex Primo Tomo Opusculorum Tractatio de variis Formalitatum, et Distinctionum generibus dilucida, et exacta. Ex Thomist. Scot. Aegid. Nominalium, at Recentiorum mente, omnibus scientiis perutilis, et necessaria. Neapoli, Typis Francisci Savii, 1638. Online here.

• Formalitates secundum doctrinam Francisci Maironis. Ff. 93ra–109vb in a collective volume with texts by Antonius Andreae and Francis of Meyronnes. Ferrara, Laurentius de Rubeis, 1490. Online here.

• Formalitates cum annotationibus Hieronymi. Ff. 21ra–27rb in a collective volume published by Hieronymus Nuciarellus, who also authored the marginal notes to this treatise. Venetiis, Impensa Heredum quondam domini Octaviani Scoti Modoetiensis ac Sociorum, 3. Augusti, 1517. Online here.

• Tractatus Formalitatum. Nachdruck Frankfurt a. M.: Minerva 1966. Ff. 163ra–168va in a volume with texts by Francis of Meyronnes (contains also Nuciarellus’s marginal notes to the Tractatus formalitatum). Venetiis, Impensa Heredum quondam domini Octaviani Scoti Modoetiensis ac Sociorum, 24. Aprilis, 1520. Online here.

Some manuscripts containing Petrus Thomae's Tractatus brevis de modis distinctionum ascribe this work to Antonius Andreae; see under Petrus Thomae OFM.

In two incunabula editions, Nicolaus Bonetus's Metaphysica, lib. 3, which discusses distinctions, was ascribed to Antonius Andreae; see under Bonetus, Nicolaus OFM.

• Editor of collective volumes with Formalist literature with texts by Antoine Sirect, Étienne Brulefer, Maurice O’Fihely, and Antonio Trombetta (editions of 1514, 1516, and 1517; se these). His preface and marginal notes to Brulefer were reprinted in a later collective volume of 1588 (online here). 

• Formalitates iuxta doctrinam Angelici doctoris D. Thomae Aquinatis, ab admodum rever. patre magistro Aquario in almo gymnasio Neapolitano metaphysices publico professore, compilatae. Nunc demum opera Admod. R. P. Alphonsi de Marcho Aversani, in Regio Conventu Sancti Dominici de Neapoli Baccalaureo ordinario finitae, & in lucem editae. Neapoli, Apud Constantium Vitalem. Anno Domini 1605. Online here, here and here.

• Tractatus formalitatum, in: Cursus philosophicus ad mentem Sancti Bonaventurae pars prima continens totam logicam cum tractatu formalitatum. Lugduni, Sumpt. Laurentii Arnaud et Petri Borde, Ioannis et Petru Arnaud, 1677. Online here.

Guillielmus Bernardus's commentary on Brulefer's short treaties is included in at least two editions of this latter work and it may likely be included in at least two further editions (see under Brulefer).

• Identitatum et distinctionum, ab eximio Theologiae quondam professore Stephano Brulifero Franciscano, traditatum, compendiosa contractio: adiectis passim plurimis sententiis et institutionibus, a quodam alio Franciscano, quae non parum ad dudum tradita conferunt. Parisiis. Apud Andream Berthelin, Via ad D. Iacobum, sub insigni D. Claudii. M.D.XLI. [Paris 1541]. The author is mentioned only on the second page; this volume also contains Brulefer’s short treatise. Online here.

• Compendiosa Contractio distinctionum et idenctitatum traditarum. Parisiis, apud Jean Le Bouc, 1586. With Guillelmus Bernardus’s commentary on Brulefer’s short treatise. Online description here.*

• Formalitates. Printed as a work by Antonius Andreae, but in reality it is Bonetus’s Metaphysica, lib. III; ff. 53ra–60vb in a collective volume with texts by Antonius Andreae and Thomas Aquinas. Padua, per Magistrum Laurentium de Lendenaria [...] impresse, 1475. Online here.

• Formalitates. In a collective volume with texts by Nicolaus de Orbellis, Franciscus de Mayronis, Antonius Andreae, Antoine Sirect, and Thomas Aquinas. Venetiis, Bernardinus de Choris et Simon de Luere, 1489. Online here. Online description here.

• Metaphysica. Barcelona, Pere Miquel, 1493. Online here.

• Metaphysica, philosophia naturalis, praedicamenta, theologia naturalis. Venetiis, Bonetus Locatellus Bergonensis, 1505. Online here.

• Utrum in una et eadem re simplici possint includi diversae formalitates sive diversa esse quidditativa. Quaestio contained in Ms. München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Clm 8717, ff. 86r–87r; online here. Excerpt transcribed in Bernhard Jansen, “Beiträge zur geschichtlichen Entwicklung der Distinctio formalis,” Zeitschrift für katholische Theologie 53 (1929), 317–344, 517–544, here 538–543; online here.

• Formalitates Scoti. Parmae, Typiis Marii Vignae, 1662.

Brulefer’s contribution to Formalist literature is complex: He first wrote one short treatise on distinctions, which he later improved, so that there are two different versions of the text (the second of which seems to be in all prints after 1496). This present list comprises 19 printed editions of Brulefer's short treatise. He later also wrote a commentary on the short treatise; the short treatise (then called Textus formalitatum) and the commentary (Commentum) were printed together apparently just three times (1501, 1504, 1516). In German libraries, there exist at least three undated manuscripts of the short treatise, two of which have been copied from one of the earliest Paris editions (Leipzig, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, Ms. 1600, online here; Tübingen, Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Ms. Mc 73, online here); this may also be the case with the third manuscript: Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek, Msc. Class. 58/1, online description here).

Printed editions:

• Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti, Parisiis, [Ulrich Gering, ca. 1480]. Online here (incomplete).

• Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti. Parisiis, [Antoine Caillaut, ca. 1480]. Online description here (ISTC informs us that not a single library is known to hold a copy of this edition).* 

• Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti. Parisiis, [Simon Doliatoris, ca.1485]. Online description here.

• Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti. Parisiis, [Guy Marchant, ca. 1485–90]. Online here.

• Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti. Toulouse, [Henricus Mayer, ca. 1490]. Online description here.

• Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti. Poitiers, [“Impresse Pictavis”; Jean Bouyer and Guillaume Bouchet, ca. 1493–97]. Online decription here.

• Formalitates secundum viam Scoti [= Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti]. With a long commentary by Samuel Cassinensis. Mediolani, Uldaricus Scinzenzeller, 1496. Online here (the link is currently not working! 12.2.2025).

• Epithomata in formalitates iuxta doctrinam Scoti [= Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti]. In collective volume with texts by Antoine Sirect, Maurice O’Fihely, and Étienne Brulefer. Venetiis, impresse [...] per Simonem de Luere, 14. mensis decembris 1501. Online here.

• Formalitatum textus una cum ipsius commento perlucido. Basel, Impressus opera et expensis Iacobi de Pfortzheim, 1501. Online here.

• Formalitatum textus una cum ipsius commento perlucido. Cum privilegio. Colophon on fol. 38r: Venetiis per Lazarum de Soardis, qui obtinuit a dominio Veneto quod nullus possit imprimere, nec imprimi facere in eorum dominio sub pena ut patet in suis privilegiis. Die ultimo Julii. 1504. Online here and here.

• Formalitatum textus unacum ipsius commento perlucido. Basel, Impressus opera et impensis Iacobi de Pfortzheim, 1507. Printed as an appendix to Brulefer’s Commentary on the Sentences. A detailed index of contents called “Directorium in formalitates” is placed before the Formalist treatises. Online here (the whole volume) and here (only the Formalist treatises). The short treatise of this edition is transcribed in Bolliger, Infiniti Contemplatio, 2003, 737–755.

• Formalitatum textus [...] cum eiusdem commento. Paris, Nicolas des Prez, 1516; rare edition. Colophon: Finit Tractatulus identitatum et distinctionum rerum in doctrinam doctoris subtilis Reverendi magistri sacri eloquii professoris alme universitatis Parisiensis fratris Stephani brulefer ordinis minorum de observantia. Impressus opera Nicolai de Pratis, expensis honesti viri Johannis Frellon, et Oliviarii Senant. Anno domini M.ccccc.xvi. xi. Idus Junii. Online description here.

• Epitomata in formalitates iuxta doctrinam Scoti [= Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti]. The volume also contains Guillelmus Bernardus’s commentary on Brulefer’s text. Parisiis. Apud Andream Berthelin, Via ad D. Iacobum, sub insigni D. Claudii. M.D.XLI. [Paris 1541]. The author is mentioned only on the second page. Online here.

• Identitatum et distinctionum. Parisiis, apud Barbe Regnault, 1560. [Probably with Guillelmus Bernardus’s commentary on Brulefer’s short treatise]. Online description here.*

• Identitatum et distinctionum, ab [...] Stephano Brulifero franciscano traditarum, compendiosa contractio. Parisiis, apud Jacobum Kerver via Iacobea, sub signo unicornis. Paris,1582. Online description here. [Probably with Guillelmus Bernardus’s commentary on Brulefer’s short treatise].*

• Compendiosa Contractio distinctionum et idenctitatum traditarum. Parisiis, apud Jean Le Bouc, 1586. With Guillelmus Bernardus’s commentary on Brulefer’s short treatise. Online description here.*

• Epitomata in formalitates iuxta doctrinam Scoti [= Formalitates in doctrinam Scoti]. In collective volume (Quinque illustrium auctorum formalitatum libelli) with texts by Antoine Sirect, Maurice O’Fihely, Étienne Brulefer, Antonio Trombetta, and Lorenzo da Brescia. Venetiis, Apud Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1588. Online here.

• De formalitatibus Scoti epitomatice. Included in Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Michaelem Sonnium, 1605. Contains Formalist treatises by Antoine Sirect, Étienne Brulefer, and Maurice O’Fihely. Online here.

• De formalitatibus Scoti epitomatice. Included in Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Michaelem Sonnium, 1607. Identical reprint of the 1605 edition. Online here. 

• Magistri Stephani Burlifer doctoris Parisiensis formalitates cum argumentationibus ad eas. Mediolani, Uldaricus Scinzenzeller, 1496. Contains Brulefer’s short treatise and a long commentary by Cassinensis. Online here (the link is currently not working! 12.2.2025)

• Lumen doctrinae Scoti fulgentissimum. Venetiis, Ex typographia Ambrosii Dei, 1617. This work contains one section called “Quaestiones de formalitatibus ex metaphysica” and another called “Quaestiones de formalitatibus ex metaphysica.” 

• Opus divinum. Barcelona, Pere Posa, 1489. The second part of this work consists of a Formalist treatise on distinctions. Edited by Jaume Janer. Online here.

• Methaphisica magistri Petri Dagui. Sevilla, Stanislav Polonus, 1500. This is the second edition of the Opus divinum. Online here.

• Tractatus formalitatum brevis. Also called Libellus formalitatum and Formalitates breves.

Rome, Eucharius Silber, 1485/6. Online here.

Paris, Pierre Levet, between 1486 and 1491. Online description here.

Barcelona, Pere Posa, 1489. Edited by Jaume Janer. Online description here.

Sevilla, Paul of Cologne, 1491.

Valladolid, Pedro Giraldi and Miguel de Planes, 1494 or 1497. Online description here.

Sevilla, Stanislav Polonus, 1500. Online description here.

• Tractatus de differentia. Sevilla, Stanislav Polonus, 1500.

• Tractatus formalitatum brevis. Tractatus de differentia. Edited and translated by Claus A. Andersen and Rafael Ramis Barceló in collaboration with Maria Cabré Duran and Robert Andrews. Santa Coloma de Queralt, Obrador Edèndum (Bibliotheca philosophorum medii aevi Cataloniae 4). ISBN: 978-84-9475-663-4.

Reviews:

1)     Xavier Calpe Melendres, Enrahonar 61, 2018: 154–158.

2)     Jaume Mensa Valls, Studia Lulliana 59, 2019: 135–137.

3)     Carla Compagno, Archivum Franciscanum Historicum 112, 2019: 696–698.

4)     Zita V. Tóth, Medieval Review, 2020.

5)     Agustí Boadas Llavat, Arxiu de Textos Catalans Antics 32, 2017–2019: 773–774.

• Formalitatum Doctoris Subtilis Scoti, Antonii Sirecti, Antonii Trombetae, et Stephani Bruleferi, eximiorum Theologorum, ordinis Minorum, Monotessera in philosophiae Aristotelis et Theologiae theoricae studiosorum gratiam adunata, ac in tres libros capitibus sectos ordine perfacili digesta. Parisiis, Apud Ioannem Poupy, 1579. Online here.

• Identical reprint Parisiis, 1580. Item nr. 22 in Claus A. Andersen and Jacob Schmutz (editors), Scotism Made in Louvain – The Scholastic Culture of the Franciscans in Belgium, Exhibition at KU Leuven, Maurits Sabbe Library, June 3 – September 30, 2024, Catalogue, Louvain-la-Neuve, 2024, 34. Online description here. 

• Formalitatum Doctoris Subtilis Scoti, Ant. Sirecti, Antonii Trombetae, et Stephani Bruliferi eximiorum Theologorum, Ordinis Minorum, Monotessera in Philosophiae Aristotelis & Theologiae theoricae, Venetiis 1587. Online here and here.

• Quaestiones miscellanaea de formalitatibus tractatus imperfectus. In Opera omnia, Wadding edition vol. III, 441–484. Lugduni, Sumptibus Lauretnii Durand, 1639. Online here.

• Quaestio de formalitatibus. In Kent Emery, Jr. and Garrett R. Smith, “The Quaestio de formalitatibus by John Duns Scotus, Sometimes Called the Logica Scoti,” Bulletin de philosophie médiévale 56 (2014), 91–182. Online here.

• Tractatus de formalitatibus. Appended to Philosophia naturalis Ioannis Duns Scoti, ex quatuor libris Sententiarum et Quodlibetis collecta [...] in cuius fine additus est Tractatus brevis, facilis, et necessarius in Formalitates Scoti. Venetiis, Apud Ioannem Baptistam Bertonum, 1602. Online here.

• Tractatus de formalitatibus brevis, facilis, et necessarius in Scoti Formalitates. Parisiis, Apud Ioannem le Bove, 1604. Printed (with separate pagination) as a part of Augstinus Gothutius, Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Ioannem le Bouc, 1604. Online here.

• Tractatus de formalitatibus. Appended to the 1606 edition of Philosophia naturalis, Venetiis, Apud Ioannem Baptistam Bertonum. The edition of 1606 and the subsequent editions have two new chapters added at the end of the treatise. Online here and here.

• Tractatus de formalitatibus. Appended to the 1615 and 1616 editions of Philosophia naturalis, Venetiis, Apud Ioannem Baptistam Bertonum. The two editions appear to be identical. 1616 edition: Online here and here.

• Tractatus de formalitatibus. Appended to the 1622 edition of Philosophia naturalis, Venetiis, Apud Haeredes Ioannis Baptistae Bertoni. Online here and here.

• De formalitate sive de identitate et distinctione rerum tractatus. Sevilla, Excudebat Martinus a Montesdoca, 1555. Online here.

• In Scoti formalitates subtilis disquisitio, auctore rev. p. fr. Gesualdo de Bononiis capuccino [...]. Cum dupplici indice altero capitulorum, et titulorum, altero materiarum copiosissimo. Panormi, typis Nicolai Bua, impressor […] 1652. Online description here.*

• De quantitatibus rerumque distinctionibus dialogus. Romae, In aedibus Populi Romani, 1570. Online here.

• Tractatus formalitatum. In: Antonino Poppi: Il contributo dei formalisti padovani al problema delle distinzioni. In: Problemi e figure della scuola scotista del Santo, Pubblicazioni della Provincia Patavina dei Frati Minori Conventuali. Padova 1966. Appendix: 774–790. 

• Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Ioannem le Bouc, 1604. Contains Filippo Fabri’s Tractatus de formalitatibus brevis, facilis, et necessarius in Scoti Formalitates. Online here.

• Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Michaelem Sonnium, 1605. Contains Formalist treatises by Antoine Sirect and Étienne Brulefer. Online here.

• Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Michaelem Sonnium, 1607. Identical reprint of the 1605 edition. Online here.

• Preamble (= short Formalist treatise). Part of Eli Habillo’s introduction to his Hebrew translation of Antonius Andreae’s Questions on Metaphysics; English paraphrase in the chapter on Eli Habillo in Mauro Zonta, Hebrew Scholasticism in the Fifteenth Century. A History and Source Book, Dordrecht, Springer, 2006 (Amsterdam Studies in Jewish Thought 9), 166–208, in particular 184–199 (based on mss. Turin, Biblioteca Nazionale Universitaria, A. VI. 25, fol. 7r–13f, and Parma, Biblioteca Palatina, parmense 2261, ff. 5r–12v). Online here (may depend on institutional access).

• Tractatus de formalitatibus. Ed. Sophronius Clasen. Franciscan Studies 14 (1954): 412–442. Online here. MS. Vat.lat.1109 here: https://digi.vatlib.it/mss/detail/239585. 

• Tractatulus de distinctionibus rerum omnium. In: Tractatus de ordine nature qui bene merito opus divinum nuncupari debet et dividitur in hos libellos, videlicet methaphisicam, theologiam et philosophiam ac tractatulo de logica, et de distinctionibus rerum omnium a sapientissimo, nec non facundissimo magistro Jacobus Ianer, in sacra pagina professore cisterciensis ordinis editus. S.l. (Sevilla: Cromberger), s.a. (1505–10). Transcribed in Claus A. Andersen, “A Lullist Contribution to the Formalist Literature of the Renaissance: Jaume Janer’s Tractatulus de distinctionibus omnium rerum (1491),” in Rafael Ramis Barceló (ed.), Ramon Llull y los lulistas (siglos XIV–XX), Madrid, Editorial Sindéresis (Colección Instituto de Estudios Hispánicos en la Modernidad 22), 2022, 221–240.  Online here. 

• Introductio in doctrinam doctoris subtilis modos distinctionum et identitatum. Cracoviae, 1502 (Hübener nr. 31).*

• Introductio in doctrinam doctoris subtilis modos distinctionum et identitatum. Cracoviae, 1508 (Hübener nr. 32).*

• Introductio in doctrinam doctoris subtilis modos distinctionum et identitatum, alios quoque terminos obscuriores eiusdem doctrine declarans, antiquorum Scotistarum dicta salvans rationibus quorundam recentiorum quibus impugnantur solutis, in ginnasio Cracoviensi congesta. Per Florianum Unglerium Cracoviae impressum, 1515 [Krakow 1515]. Online here (the work is there incorrectly attributed to Jan Komorowski, †1592; Smeets nr. 471 incorrectly attributes the work, in this 1515 edition, to Albertus Fantini).

• Introductio in doctrinam doctoris subtilis. Cracoviae per Hieronymum Vierorem vigesimo tercio kalen. Novembris Anno salutis M.D.XIX. impressum [Krakow 1519]. Online here.

• Libellus de distinctionum pluralitate. Bononiae, [Johannes Walbeck], 1494.

• Distinctiones Thomistarum. Wittenberg, Richardus Sbrolius, 1508. Online here; online edition here (introduciton, transcription, and notes by Harald Bollbuck).

• Quaestio de formalitate [anno 1442]. In: Alfonso Pompei, “De formalitatibus, modis et rebus scotistarum doctrina – accedit “Quaestio de formalitate” Nicolai Lakmann, O.F.M. († 1479).” Miscellanea francescana 61 (1961): 251–275.

This text is extant in several manuscripts; see for instance:

• Wrocław, Biblioteka Uniwersytecka, Cod. I. Q. 72, ff. 269r-278r (Utrum quovis modus intrinsecus distinctus a formalitate eiusdem insit in secundo modo perseitatis...). Online here. 

• Explanatio compendiosaque applicatio artis illuminati doctoris magistri Raymundi Lulli ad omnes facultates per reverendum magistrum Bernardum de Lavinheta artium et theologiae doctorem lucubrata et ad communem omnium utilitatem edita. Lugdunis: Joannes Moylin alias de Cambray, 1523. Online here. This work contains a long discussion of the Formalist doctrine of multiple distinctions (f. 27v–28v). The passage in question has been included as an appendix (201–205) in Pere Daguí, Tractatus formalitatum brevis. Tractatus de differentia. Edited and translated by Claus A. Andersen and Rafael Ramis Barceló in collaboration with Maria Cabré Duran and Robert Andrews. Santa Coloma de Queralt, Obrador Edèndum (Bibliotheca philosophorum medii aevi Cataloniae 4). ISBN: 978-84-9475-663-4. Website of the publisher: https://obradoredendum.cat/catalog/tractatus-formalitatum-brevis-tractatus-de-differentia/.

• Opera omnia quibus tradidit artis Raymundi Lullii compendiosam explicationem. Published by Johann Heinrich Alsted. Coloniae, Sumptibus Lazari Zetzner, 1612. Online here.

• Explanatio compendiosaque applicatio artis Raimundi Lulli. Hildesheim: Gerstenberg, 1977. Reprint of the 1523 edition; with an introduction by Erhard Wolfram Platzeck. 

• Lucas Wadding, Scriptores Ordinis Minorum, Rome 1650, 213b, reports the following: “Ioannes Lelove, in sacr. Theologiae Baccalaureus Parisiensis, scripsit Commentaria in Scoti formalitates, Parisiis anno 1581.” The Annales Minorum seu trium ordinum, continuati a P.F. Cajetano Michelesio Asculano, tomus XX, Rome 1794 (an updated version of Wadding’s own Annales), 255, records for the year 1570: “Joannes Le-love scripsit Commentarium in Formalitates Scoti.” Smeets (nr. 179) adopted Wadding’s original reference, including the printing year of 1581. A Formalist author of this name is otherwise unknown; possibly, Wadding simply misread the name of Jean Du Douet (Ioannes Dovetus), who published a Formalist treatise while a bachelor of theology at Paris in 1579 (with later edtitions).

See under Du Douet, Jean OFM.

• Formalitatum seu plurium scientiarum metaphysico coeuntium ordine scita commistio. Parisiis, Apud Ioannem le Bouc, 1603. Online here.

• Aureum formalitatum speculum. Senis [Siena], Impressum [...] Henrici de Harlem, 1492. Online here (damaged book).

• Breves faciles ac perutiles ysagoge in profundissimas Io. Sco. formalitates, noviter a Re. sacrae Theologiae magistro Laurentio Brixiensi, Minorita, conventuali: aedite: cum textus castigatione in aliquibus locis. Necnon cum solutionibus multarum instantiarum. Quae ab excellentissimo Mauritio in margine sunt posite. [Brescia]: Apud Damianum de Turlinis Brix., 1537. Online here.

• In Ioannis Scotis Doct. subtilis Formalitates isagogica expositio. Appended (with separate pagination) to the collective volume Quinque illustrium auctorum formalitatum libelli [...]. Venetiis, Apud Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1588. Online here. 

• Formalitates secundum viam Sancti Thome. Libellus de distinctionibus. Bologna: Hieronymus de Benedictis, 1518. Online here.

• Tractatus distinctionum. Vienna, [Stephan Koblinger], 1482. Online description here.

• Quaestio aurea de distinctione rationis. Venice(?), 1509. Online description here.

• Typus omnium scientiarum, et praesertim theologiae scholasticae. Lugduni, apud Ioannem Veyeret. 1591. The second part of this work, which has its own pagination, is a treatise on kinds of identities and distinctions. Online here.

• Compendium in mathematicam, physicam et metaphysicam, Bologna, Henricus de Harlem et Matthaeus Crescentinus, 1485. In Phys., lib. I, 16ra–19vb, contains an account of the seven Formalist distinctions. Many later printed editions of this work. 

• Tractatus de distinctionibus. In Stanislav Sousedík, “Nicolai de Orbellis Tractatus de distinctionibus,” Studia Neoaristotelica 8 (2011) 119–137. DOI: 10.5840/studneoar20118110. This Tractatus contains elements from the Formalist discussion in the Compendium in physicam and further elements most likely not by Orbellis. Sousedík’s edition is based on two manuscripts. For the dubious authenticity of this work, see Sven K. Knebel, Review of Pere Tomàs, Tractatus brevis de modis distinctionum, ed. Celia López Alcalde, Santa Colomo de Queralt, Publicacions URV, 2011, and Stanislav Sousedík, ‘Nicolai de Orbellis Tractatus de distinctionibus,’ Studia Neoaristotelica. A Journal of Analytical Scholasticism 8 (2011), 119–137, Medievalia & Humanistica New Series 38 (2012), 123–129. 

Clypeus Thomistarum is a Thomist manual of philosophy with extensive discussions of the formal distinction and views held by, among others, Francis of Meyronnes.

• Clypeus Thomistarum. Venice, Reynaldus de Novimagio Theutonicus, 1481. Online here and here.

• Clypeus Thomistarum. Venice, Simon de Luere, 1504. Online here and here.

• Editor of a collective volume containing, among other texts, Formalist treatises by Petrus Thomae and an anonymous compilator (Tractatus formalitatum secundum doctrinam Francisci Mayronis); Nuciarellus wrote a preface and the marginal notes to the anonymous treatise. Venetiis, Impensa Heredum quondam domini Octaviani Scoti Modoetiensis ac Sociorum, 3. Augusti, 1517. Online here.

• Additiones (Pro ampliori declaratione terminorum in Tractatu formalitatum...). First printed in collective volume with texts by Antoine Sirect, Maurice O’Fihely, and Étienne Brulefer; Maurice authored the marginal notes to Sirect’s treatise. Venetiis, impresse [...] per Simonem de Luere, 14. mensis decembris 1501 (contains also a preface by O’Fihely). Online here. Later, the Additiones were often printed as an appendix to editions of Sirect’s and / or Trombetta’s treatises (see these). The latest print is in the 1605 and 1607 editions of Augustinus Gothutius’s Gymnasium speculativum (see these).

• Super Antonii Sirecti Formalitatibus. Pavia, Biblioteca Universitaria, Aldini, Ms. Ald. 254. Manuscript of 56 folios in humanist hand. Expl.: MccccLxxxviii. Die v. Februarii hora Saturni. Online description here.

• Opusculum Thomisticum contra distinctionis formalis ex natura rei patronos. Valentiae, typis Hieronimi Vilagrasa, 1670. Online description here.*

• Tractatus quartus de formalitatibus. In: Principia seu introductiones in via doctoris subtilis. Tholose 1506.

• Formalitates de novo compilate per reverendum fratrem Petrum de Castrovol eximium sacre theologie professorem. [Pamplona, Arnaldo Guillen de Brocar, ca. 1496]. Online here.  In the colophon, the work is said to have been composed (“compilavit”) in 1468, but appears to have been printed much later (for the date and place of printing, see here).

This entry records the various printed editions of Petrus Thomae's short treatise on distinctions. For a full bibliography of his works, see Garrett R. Smith, “Bibliotheca manuscripta Petri Thomae,” Bulletin de philosophie médiévale 52 (2010), 161–200.

• Formalitates. Ff. 30va–32rb in a collective volume published by Hieronymus Nuciarellus. Venetiis, Impensa Heredum quondam domini Octaviani Scoti Modoetiensis ac Sociorum, 3. Augusti, 1517. Online here.

• De distinctione praedicamentorum. Edited by Egbert P. Bos, in Egbert P. Bos: “Petrus Thomae’s De distinctione predicamentorum (with a working edition).” In The Winged Chariot: Collected Essays on Plato and Platonism in Honour of L.M. de Rijk. Edited by Maria Kardaun and Joke Spruyt. Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill 2000 (Brill’s Studies in Intellectual History 100): 296–312. Online here.

• [Pere Tomàs], Tractatus brevis de modis distinctionum. Edited by Celia López Alcalde and Josep Batalla, in collaboration with Robert D. Hughes, introduction by Claus A. Andersen. Santa Coloma de Queralt, Obrador Edèndum (Bibliotheca philosophorum medii aevi Cataloniae 2). ISBN: 978-84-937590-8-7.

Reviews:

1) Dominik Perler, Vivarium 49, 2011: 368–370.

2) Antonino Poppi, Archa Verbi 8, 2011: 209–212.

3)     Rafael Ramis Barceló, Archivum Franciscanum Historicum 105, 2012: 626–629.

4) Sven K. Knebel, Medievalia & Humanistica, New Series 38, 2012: 123–129.

5) Antonio Tursi, Patristica et Medievalia 33, 2012: 100–101.

6) Jaume Mensa Valls, Analecta sacra tarraconensia 86, 2013: 1010–1018.

• Formalitatum tractatulus ad mentem doctoris angelici, & subtilis confectus, ad ipsorum, aliorumue doctrinam facilius, ac suauius addiscendam, sibique parandam, admodum vtilis, & necessarius, cum ipsarum simul formalitatum coincidentia. Opera, & industria adm. R.P.F. Silverii Picellii a Podiosidone Reatin. […] Romae, Apud Franciscum Caballum, 1655. Online here.

• Expositio exactissima, atque absolutissima identitatum, et distinctionum (quas Formalitates vocant) M. Antonii Sirecti Doct. Paris. secundum doctrinam Doct. Subtilis Scoti, subtilium omnium Principis. Venetiis, Apud Io. Antonium et Iacobum de Franciscis, 1606. Online here.

• Theologia. Tractatus primus de Deo uno, pars prima. Naples, [s.n.], 1637. In the context of the third book, treating the divine attributes (more specifically in the q. 4: “Utrum attributa distinguantur a parte rei ab essentia et inter se,” pp. 165–247), the author gives a lengthy discussion of Formalist topics, including the Scotist doctrine of multiple distinctions. Online here. 

• De distinctionibus entium in Deo, et in creaturis tractatus philosophicus ac theologicus. Bononiae, Typis Iacobi Montii, 1669. Online here.

• Farrago distinctionum metaphisicarum. Romae, Apud Haeredes Ioannes Giliotti, 1588. Online here.

Antoine Sirect is by far the most often printed Formalist author. This present list comprises 27 editions of his Formalitates moderniores. In addition to the printed material, at least one manuscript has been preserved: Ms. Wien, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 15425 (9 folios; the ms. is dated 1497, i.e. after the first printed editions; online description here; I thank Apaoan Machado for the reference to this manuscript). See also under Palazzo, Alessandro. 

• Formalitates moderniores de mente clarissimi doctoris subtilis Scoti in florentissimo Parisiensi gygnasio compilatae per excellentem sacrae theologiae professore magistrum Antonium Sirecti provinciae Turoniae Ordinis Minorum feliciter incipiunt. S.l. [Venice, Bernardinus Stagninus], 1484, die xviii Jan. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores de mente clarissimi doctoris subtilis Scoti in florentissimo Parisiensi gygnasio compilatae per excellentem sacrae theologiae professore magistrum Antonium Sirecti provinciae Turoniae Ordinis Minorum feliciter incipiunt. S.l. [Bologna, Henricus De Harlem and Johannes Walbeck?], s.a. [1484]. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In a collective volume with texts by Nicolaus de Orbellis, Franciscus de Mayronis, Antonius Andreae, Nicolaus Bonetus, Thomas Aquinas. Venetiis, Bernardinus de Choris et Simon de Luere, 1489. Online here. Online description here.

• Hebdomades recentiores formalitatum [= Formalitates moderniores]. Anonymously printed with Trombettas’s Tractatus formalitatum. Impresse Venetiis arte et impensa Hieronymi de Paganinis Brixiensis, 1493. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Formalitates de mente doctoris subtilis Scoti) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, and Étienne Brulefer. Venetiis, impresse [...] per Simonem de Luere, 14. mensis decembris 1501. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, Bonetus Locatellus, 1502. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, [Giacomo Penzio?], 1505. Online here. The printer is not mentioned in the volume; for the attribution to Giacomo Penzio, see here.

• Formalitates moderniores. Impressum Lypzick per baccalarium Wolffgangum Monacensem [Wolfgang Stöckl], 1505. Online description here (see also Bolliger, Infiniti Contemplatio, 2003, 310).*

• Formalitates moderniores de mente clarissimi doctoris Scoti cum concordantiis in margine decorate. With “additiones” by Maurice O’Fihely. No mention of place, publisher, and year [Frankfurt an der Oder, Balthasar Murrer and Nikolaus Lamparter, ca. 1508]. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. Venetiis, Lucas Antonius de Giunta, 1511 (Smeets nr. 152).*

• Formalitates moderniores. With Maurice O’Fihely’s Additiones. Impresse Londoniis per me Wynadum de Worde. [London, 1513?]. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, 1514. Online description here.*

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, mandato et expensis haer. Octaviani Scoti, 1516. Online description here.*

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) along with Maurice O’Fihely’s Additiones. Viennae Pannoniae per Hieronymum Vietorem. Anno 1517, die 14. mensis Iulii. Vienna 1517. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. Parisiis, Regnault Chaudiere, 1517.  Online description here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) with texts by Antoine Sirect, Maurice O’Fihely, and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, Lucas Antonius de Giunta, 1517. Online description here.

• Formalitates moderniores. Venetiis, [?], 1518 (Smeets nr. 152).*

• Formalitates moderniores. Papiae, Iacobus de Burgofranco, 1520 (Smeets nr. 152).*

• Formalitates moderniores. In volume with Maurice O’Fihely’s additiones. S.l., s.a. [ca. 1520]. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Formalitates Scoti) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, expensis nobilis viri domini Luce Antonii Juncta Florentini, 1525. Online here.

• Formalitates moderniores. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum opus de mente Doctroris Subtilis) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, and Antonio Trombetta. Impressum Venetiis mandato sumptibusque heredum q[uondam] Nobilis Viri Domini Octaviani Scoti civis Modoetiensis et sociorum. 1526. Online here.

• Formalitates de mente clarissimi doctoris subtilis Scoti [= Formalitates moderniores]. Parisiis, Veneunt in vico Iacobaeo in officina Andreae Berthelin sub intersignio D. Claudii. M.D.XLI. (Paris, 1541). Online here.

• Textus formalitatum [= Formalitates moderniores]. Included in Girolamo da Pistoia, De quantitatibus rerumque distinctionibus dialogus. Romae, In aedibus Populi Romani, 1570. Online here and here.

• Formalitates moderniores. Venetiis, Apud Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1585 (Smeets nr. 152).*

• Tractatus formalitatum moderniorum. In collective volume (Quinque illustrium auctorum formalitatum libelli) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely, Antoine Sirect, Étienne Brulefer, Antonio Trombetta, and Lorenzo da Brescia. Venetiis, Apud Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1588. Online here.

• Praeclarae formalitates de mente doctoris subtilis Scoti [= Formalitates moderniores]. Parisiis, apud Jean Le Bouc, 1588. Online description here.

• De formalitatibus Scoti [= Formalitates moderniores]. Included in Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Michaelem Sonnium, 1605. Contains, among other texts, Formalist treatises by Antoine Sirect, Étienne Brulefer, and Maurice O’Fihely. Online here.

• De formalitatibus Scoti [= Formalitates moderniores]. Included in Gymnasium speculativum, Parisiis, Apud Michaelem Sonnium, 1607. Identical reprint of the 1605 edition. Online here.

• Tractatus philosophico-theologicus bipartitus, de praecisione et distinctione objectiva, tam in creatis, quam in divinis, variarum et subtilium, tum philosophicarum, tum theologicarum difficultatem elucidationem complectens. Herbipoli, Typis et Sumptibus Iobi Hertzii, Anno M.DC.LXV [Würzburg, 1665]. Online here.

• Logica secundum mentem doctoris subtilis Scoti, Bologna, Benedetto Hector, 1495; brief presentation of Petrus Thomae’s seven distinctions and the modal distinction at 29r–v.

• Quaestio de subiecto et propria passione ad mentem Scoti, Bologna, Gentilis de Roveis, 1497; not a genuine Formalist treatise, but rather a logico-metaphysical treatise concerning the distinction between subject and predicate.

Brief description of Stephanus de Flandria’s output in Claus A. Andersen, “Some Belgian Scotists and Scotism in Louvain.” Online here.

• Unilabium orbis subtiliter literati, de distinctionibus a vocibus et novis loquendi modis, in schola Scoti hactenus inusitatis, expurgatum, ac pristinae integritati, restituta in creatis distinctione formali, donatum author F. Fridericus Stümelius SS. Theologiae Lector jubilatus, FF. Minor. Recollectorum Provinciae Thuringiae S. Elisabethae, etc. Imprimebat Marcus Bloss, Typogr. Fuldensis. [Fulda, 1673; note that the year of publication is not mentioned on the title page; the approbations are dated 1673]. This work is dedicated to Willem Herincx and contains a critical discussion of Willem van Sichen’s  approach to distinctions (for which, see the brief remarks in Andersen, “Some Belgian Scotists and Scotism in Louvain,” 23–25, here). Online here. 

• Controversiarum inter principes cathedras divi Thomae doctoris angelici, et Scoti doctoris subtilis, nec non aliarum illustrissimarum scholarum de simplicitate Dei, et distinctione in ipsa deitatis ac identitatis divinae abysso latenter recondita, eaque ad divinam simplicitatem comparata primum et perenne mobile, post ingentes ingeniorum agitationes in doctrina Scoti hactenus impotenter impugnata, per auream conformitatis catenam ejusdem Doctoris Subtilis cum doctrina SS. PP. Conciliorum et Definitionum Ecclesiae potenter adminiculata solide, fixe et invicte. Tandem subsistens opus de essentia et natura divina, aliisque multis, quae in theologia scholastica circa Deum versantur, absolutissimum, quaestionibus Theologiae et Philosophiae abstrusissimis, opportune referandis, apprime instructum in duos divisum tomos. [...] Coloniae Agrippinae, Apud Ioannem Wilhelmium Friessemium, Anno M.DC.LXXX [Cologne, 1680]. Online here.

• In Scoti formalitates absolutissima syntaxis. Romae, Apud haeredes Francisci Zannetti, 1591. Online here.

• Utrum modi distinctionum tot sint, quot ponit Scotus. Q. 2 in Francisco Toledo’s additiones to Pedro Para SJ, In libros Metaphysicae Annotata et Dubitata, disp. 3, edited by Marco Capri in his La Metafisica Annotata e Dubitata, Roma: G&B Press, Pontificia Università Gregoriana, Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 2020, 324–328.

After Sirect and Brulefer, Trombetta was the third most often printed Formalist author; the present list comprises 10 editions of his Formalist treatise. His treatise is structured as a commentary on Sirect's Formalitates moderniores.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. Appended, along with Antoine Sirect’s treatise, to Trombetta’s Opus doctrine Scotice in Thomistas discussum. Impresse Venetiis arte et impensa Hieronymi de Paganinis Brixiensis, 1493. Online here.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, Bonetus Locatellus, 1502. Online here.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, [Giacomo Penzio?], 1505. Online here. The printer is not mentioned in the volume; for the attribution to Giacomo Penzio, see here.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, 1514. Online description here.*

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, mandato et expensis haer. Octaviani Scoti, 1516. Online description here.*

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum) with texts by Antoine Sirect, Maurice O’Fihely, and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, Lucas Antonius de Giunta, 1517. Online description here.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. Parisiis, Jean de Marnef, 1521. Online description here.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume (Formalitates Scoti) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Venetiis, expensis nobilis viri domini Luce Antonii Juncta Florentini, 1525. Online here.

• In tractatum formalitatum Scoticarum sententia. In collective volume (Insigne formalitatum opus de mente Doctroris Subtilis) with texts by Maurice O’Fihely and Antonio Trombetta. Impressum Venetiis mandato sumptibusque heredum q[uondam] Nobilis Viri Domini Octaviani Scoti civis Modoetiensis et sociorum. 1526. Online here.

• In Scoti formalitates sententia vel disquisitio subtilis. In collective volume (Quinque illustrium auctorum formalitatum libelli) with texts by Antoine Sirect, Maurice O’Fihely, Étienne Brulefer, Antonio Trombetta, and Lorenzo da Brescia. Venetiis, Apud Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1588. Online here.

• Appendix dissertationem exponens, in qua proponitur Scotistarum assertio praecisionem objectivam ex natura rei Enti, ceterisque praedicatis transcendentibus attribuens. Appended to this author’s Philosophia naturalis (on pages 518–536). Victoriae, Ex Oficina Thomae de Robles et Navarro [1763]. Online here. 

• Lectura resolutissima super formalitatibus Scoti venerandi patris fratris Ioannis Valloni de Iuvenatio Or. mino. regu. obser. prouinciae Apuliae lectoris generalis in sacro conuentu Neapolitano, in quo haec habentur. Primo declaratur textus auctoris et in eo ponuntur pulchrae annotationes. Secundo mouentur questiones loco suo. Tertio ponitur concordantia istius tractatus formalitatum Scoti cum dictis Aristotelis. Quarto enodantur omnes instantiae obscurissimae Mauritii quae hactenus non fuerunt solutae et singula dicta quae posita sunt in marginibus. Ultimo loco suo ponitur arbor signorum originis quae sunt in sanctissima Trinitate. Impressum Neapoli per magistrum Matheum Brixiensem, 1533 die 24 Augusti completum.*

• Lectura absolutissima super formalitatibus Scoti. Venetiis, Impensis Anelli Sanuiti, Venundantur Neapoli apud Antonium Baccolum, 1566. Online here.

• Lectura absolutissima super formalitatibus Scoti. Perusiae, per Valentem Panitium Mantuanum impraessorem, 1570. This edition was published by Costantino da Sarnano. Online here and here.

• Lectura absolutissima super formalitatibus Scoti. Florentiae, Apud Georgium Marescotum, 1580. In this edition, the author is said to be a Conventual Franciscan (R.F. Io. Vallonis Minoritae conventualis). Online here and here.

• Lectura absolutissima super formalitatibus Scoti. Parisiis, Apud Guillelmum Bichonium, 1584.*

• Lectura absolutissima super formalitatibus Scoti. Parisiis, Apud Guillielmum Bichonium, 1585. Online here and here.

• Lectura absolutissima in formalitates Scoti. Venetiis, Apud Franciscum de Franciscis Senensem, 1588. In this edition, the author is said to be a Franciscan of the Regular Observance (F. Ioannis Vallonis, Minoritae Regularis observantiae). Online here, here and here.

• Super quattuor libris sententiarum. Venetiis, Iacobus Pentius de Leucho and Lazarus de Suardis, 1496. This work contains a discussion of the Formalist doctrine of multiple distinctions (I, d. 8, art. 1, in this edition at f. 22ra). Included as appendix in Petrus Thomae [Pere Tomàs], Tractatus brevis de modis distinctionum. Edited by Celia López Alcalde and Josep Batalla (383); see under Petrus Thomae. Many further editions.

• Super quattuor libris sententiarum. Venetiis, Bonetus Locatellus, 1502. Online here.

• Quattuor librorum sententiarum compendium. Basilea, Adam Peter de Langendorf, 1514. Online here. 

• Quaestio de pluralitate distinctionum theorematibus nonnullis preeuntibus. Appended to Zerbi’s Quaestiones metaphysicae. Impressum Bononiae per Johannem de Nordlingen et Henricum de Harlem socios, 1482. Online here.

• The entire Quaestio is contained in Ms. Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek, Msc. Class. 58/1, 317rb–326rb; online description here. The beginning of the Quaestio is contained in Ms. UB Leipzig 1600, 5ra–6rb; online here. Both manuscripts are most likely copied from the printed edition.

• Decisionem controversiarum de eodem et diverso, simplici et composito, communicabili et incommunicabili, et hisce affinibus occurrentium exhibens quam in florentissima Leucorea sub praesidio M. Johannis Bayeri, Eperiessino-Hungari Facult. Philosoph. Adjuncti. Publicae philosophantium limae submittit Elias Lachanosarcus Dobscha-Hungarus. Ad diem 19. Martii horis pomerid. In auditorio majori. Anno MDCLIX. Typis Johannes Borckardi. [Dissertation, Wittenberg, 1659]. Online here.

• Dissertatio theologica de distinctione in divinis. Jena, Müller, 1676. Note that the defendant Heinrich Wilhelm Scharff is explicitly called “autor” on the title page. Online here. 

• Disputatio philosophica inauguralis de distinctione mentis a corpore. Leiden, Elzevier, 1690. Contrary to the other dissertations compiled in this catalogue, this is not a typical scholastic dissertation. Online here; information about this author, later a professor of medicine, may be found here. 

• Subtilitas doctoris subtilis, Ioannis Duns Scoti circa distinctiones divinarum persecutionum et  relationum ac sententiam Dei, cum parergis annexis ex universa theologia vindicata a minus subtilibus censuris, Innsbruck, Typis Iacobi Christ. Wagner, 1698. Online here. 

• Distinctio subtilis scotistica ex authoritate et ratione probata una cum positionibus theologicis ad mentem Joannis Duns-Scoti, doctoris mariano subtilis conformatis. Ex Primo sententiarum Libro, quas praeside F. Honorio Cordier Ordinis Fratrum Minorum S. Francisci Recollectorum Ss. Theologiae Lect. Ordinario defendent Religiosi Fratres ejusdem Ordinis F. Prosper Brandenburger Diaconus & F. Raphael Knaben Diaconus in Sacello Conventus Moguntini Fratrum Minorum Recollectorum hora 7tima promeridiana die 31. Augusti 1752. Moguntiae, Ex Typogr. Elect. Aul. Acad. priv. apud Haered. Haessner, per Eliam Petrum Bayer. [Dissertation, Mainz, 1752]. 

• Controversia philosophica de identitate et distinctione reali. Dissertation. Regensburg, Christoph Fischer, 1672. Online here. 

• De distinctionibus et praecisionibus logicis. Dissertation. Dilingen 1658. Online here.

• Disputatio metaphysica quarta de toto et parte, universali et singulari, eodem et diverso quam D.T.O.M.A. praeside M. Henrico Martino Eccardo mathematum et primae philosophiae P.P. publico examini exponit Esaias Ruschenbusch Hervordiensis, in auditorio philosophico ad diam XX. Decembr. horis et locis consuetis. Rintelii, Typis exscripsit Petrus Lucius, Academiae Typogr. M.DC.XLV. [Dissertation, Rinteln, 1645]. Online here. 

• Theses theologiae de distinctione divinorum attributorum. Dissertation. Ingolstadt, Typis Mariae Knabin, 1672. Online here.

• Disputatio metaphysica de distinctione reali et rationis itemque formali scotistica. Dissertation. Argentorati, Literis Johannes Pastorii [Strasbourg 1677]. Online here.

• Disputatio philosophica de neccessitate logicae et obiecto, de identitate distinctione et universali. Freiburg im Breisgau, Johannes Jacob Böckler, 1673. Online here. 

• Disputatio metaphysica prior de distinctione. Def. Arnold Eckhard. Rintelii, Typis Viduae Lucianae. [Dissertation, Rinteln, 1663]. Online here.

• Disputatio metaphysica posterior de distinctione. Def. Erich Christoph Lubbren. Rintelii, Typis Viduae Lucianae. [Dissertation, Rinteln 1663]. Online here.

• Disputatio philosophica de identitate ac distinctione. Dissertation. Ingolstadt, Johannes Ostermayr, 1671. Online here and here.

• Disputatio philosophica duplex metaphysico-logica de identitate, et distinctione, et physico-medica, de corporis humani partibus. Dissertation. Marburg, Rudolph Hutwelcker, 1604. Online here.

See also under Ursinus, Wilhelm (praeses).

• Exercitatio philosophica de formalitatum inquisitione. Tubingiae, 1662 (Hübener nr. 76). Probably a dissertation.* 

• Disputatio metaphysica de distinctione relationis praedicamentalis a fundamento suo. Def. Johann Christoph Hundeshagen. Jenae, Nisius, 1658. [Dissertation, Jena, 1658]. Online here.

• Disputatio logica de distinctione graduum metaphysicorum. Dissertation from Landshut. Printed at Ingolstadt, Johann Ostermayer, 1679. Online here.

• Disputationum metaphysicarum decima quincta de variis distinctionum generibus. Helmstedt: Henning Müller, 1654. Online here. 

• Disputatio metaphysica de distinctione, quam in ill. Acad. Iulia publice examinandam proponit M. Conradus Horneius, respondente Iacobo Tellero Sueco. Habebitur ΣΥΝ ΘΕΩ; ipsis kal. April. Helmaestadi, excudebat Iacobus Lucius, 1615. [Dissertation Helmstedt, 1615]. Online here. 

• Theses philosophicae de universalibus, distinctionibus et praecisionibus obiectivis. Def. Ferdinand Joseph (Reichsgraf von) Rheinstein und Tattenbach. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1676]. Online here.

• Disputatio logica de identitate ac distinctione graduum metaphysicorum. Dissertation. Monachi, Typis Sebastiani Rauch [Munich, 1671]. Online here. 

• Quaestio metaphysica de distinctione inter essentiam et existentiam. Cracoviae, In Officina Typographia Francisci Caesarii, 1641. Small dissertation with unknown praeses. Online here.

• Dissertatio philosophica de distinctione attributorum divinorum. Dissertation. Typis Ludovici Decreaux, Directoris Officinae Typographiae Londini Gothorum [Lund (Sweden), 1736]. Online here.

Disputatio metaphysica de principio individui, quam Deo O.M. annuente et indultu Inclytae Philosoph[iae] Facultatis in illustri Academia Lipsiensi Praeside viro excellentissimo et clarissimo Dn. M. Jacobo Thomasio Eloquent. P.P. Min. Princ. Colleg. Collegiato praeceptore et fautore suo maximo publice ventilandam proponit Gottfredus Guilielmus Leibnuzius, Lips. Philos. et B. A. Baccal. aut. et resp. 30. Maii Anni MDCLXIII. Lipsiae, Typis Viduae Henningi Coleri. Dissertation, Leipzig, 1663. Leibniz discusses both the principle of individuation (haecceitas) and the formal distinction; he remarks the Scotists are called “formalistae” owing to their defense of the formal distinction. Leibniz defended the dissertation before his teacher Jacob Thomasius; unusual for the time, Leibniz himself is the author of the defended text.

• Original edition of 1663; online here.

• G.E. Guhrauer’s edition of 1837; online here.

• C.J. Gerhardt’s edition of 1880; online here.

• Theses logicae de distinctionibus, praecisionibus, et universalibus in genere. Def. Martinus Hinckh, Quirinus Schüz. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1701]. Online here. 

• Positionum metaphysicarum denarius decimus, de identitate et diversitate, modis distinctionum et oppositis. Dissertation. Wittebergae: Röhner, 1665. Online here. 

• Disputatio de modis distinctionum. Lipsiae, 1675. (Hübener nr. 78). Probably a dissertation.* 

• Quaestio philosophica de distinctione ex natura rei formali. Dissertation. Regensburg, 1748. Printed in Pedeponti [= Stadtamhof, neighbourhood in Regensburg]: Typis Joannis Bernardi Riepel. Online here and here (with frontispiece).

• Disputatio XIII. collegii metaphysici de eodem, diverso, et reliquis modis unitatem consequentibus, quam auspice Christo in alma Rosarum Academia praeside M. Georgio Meiero, Duderstad. Sax., defendendam suscipiet Georgius Boetius, Lyomensis Holsat. Ad diem 13. Octobr. Horis pomeridianis. Rostochii, Ex Typographia Stephani Myliandri anno 1610. [Dissertation, Rostock, 1610]. Online here. 

• Disputatio philosophica de distinctionibus in catholica et celebri Wirceburgensi Academia, circa studiorum renovationem, anno 1590, mense Novemb. die proposita. Respondente pro Magisterii gradu, ingenuo adolescente, & artium liberalium Baccalaureo, Ioanne Streckio, Vdenheymensi; & e Socitate Iesu, Ioan. Reinhardo Ziglero, Oedencoviensi. Praeside M. Ioan. Mölhusino. Thuringo. Wirceburgi, Excudebat Henricus Aquensis. Anno 1590. Online here. 

• Ex natura rei formalis actualis scotistica. [,,,] Anno M.DC.LXXXIX. Dissertation. Ingolstadii, Typis Thomae Grass, typographi Academici [1689]. Online here.

• De entis distinctionibus et principiis (Cursus metaphysici disputatio V). Def. Andreas Schulthesius. Wittebergae, Wendt, 1647. Online description here.* 

• Disputatio theologica de personarum divinarum distinctione, An et Quaenam illa sit? Dissertation. Jena, Johannes Werther, 1665. Online here. 

• Disputatio metaphysica de distinctionum modis. Dissertation. Helmstedt, David Heinrich Müller, 1674. Online here.

• Disputatio metaphysica […] de eodem, diverso, et modis distinctionum. Helmstedt, Müller, 1680. Online description here.*

• Disputatio menstrua de distinctione virtuali inter gradus metaphysicos. Def. Ludovicus Du Parc. Salisburgi, Mayr, 1724. Online description here; information about the author here.* 

• Theses menstruae ex logica de rerum distinctionibus ac ente rationis. Def., Karl Reichard Joseph von Schmidlin. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1704]. Online here.

• Dissertatio logica de natura, discrimine et legibus distictionum. Jena, Litteris Schillianis, 1752. Online here. 

• Disputatio metaphysica de distinctione formali ex natura rei. Helmstedt, Henning Müller, 1660. Online here.

• Disputatio metaphysica […] de identitate, distinctione, et oppositione. Dissertation. Helmstedt, Henning Müller, 1668. Online here.

• Theologia naturalis sive contemplationum in primam philosophiam duodecas. Giessae Hassorum, Hampelius, 1657. This collection of dissertations contains one on identity and distinction (pp. 49–60): Contemplatio quinta de identitate et diversitate; respondent: Johann Georg Albinus. Online here. 

• Disputationum metaphysicarum quinta de distinctionibus entis, quam bono cum Deo sub praesidio M. Johannis Scharfii, Croppenstad. Saxonis, consensu amplissimae facultatis philosophicae in florentissima ac celeberrima Academia Wittebergensi publice ventilandam exhibet Joachimus Cölerus Paswalco-Pom. Ad diem 5. Aprilis horis a septima matutinus. Wittebergae, Ex Typographeo Christiani Tham, Academ. Typogr. Anno MDCXXIII. [Dissertation, Wittenberg, 1623]. Online here.

• Virtus in medio seu distinctio virtualis intrinseca, medians inter gradus metaphyiscos, una cum praecisionibus objectivis. Disseration. Typis Joannis Theophili Raedlmayr. [Oberalteich, 1730]. Online here.

• Theses philosophicae de ente rationis, ac variis rerum distinctionibus. Def. Johann Richard Graf von Gallenberg. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1685]. Online here.

Novena Scoti Seu Compendiosa Ilias in qua per novem controversias philosophicas Scotico-philosophica sententia proponitur, & publicae Disputationi in Conventu Landishutano et Monacensi FF. Min. S. Francisci Reformat. sub Comitiis Provincialibus exponitur praeside P.F. Reginaldo Schöttl eiusdem ordinis, & in conventu Landishutano philosophiae lectore. Respondentibus FF. Chrysostomo Promberger, Casimiro Mannhardt, Brunone Mässenhauser, Casimiro Harttmair eiusdem instituti, & studii alumnis. Ad diem 31 Mensis Augusti, & [...] horis pomeridianis M.DC.LXXXIX. Cum facultate Superiorum. Landishuti, Typis Simonis Golowiz. [Dissertation, Landshut, 1689; contains extensive discussions of the formal distinction]. Online here.

• Disputatio Philosophica De Distinctione Graduum Metaphysicorum, secundum mentem Scotistarum, Thomistarum atque Nominalium. Jenae, Nisius, 1656. Online description here.*

• Disputatio metaphysica de eodem et diverso quam sub gratioso ejus, qui est unus idemque in essentia, trinus in personis, auspicio praeside pereximio atque clarissimo, M. Johanne Christophoro Seldio, Franc., facult. philosoph. adjuncto, publice ventilandam proponit Johannes Zigemarius, Brunsvicensis Saxo. d.g. mart. in audit. minor. Wittebergae, Ex Officina typographica Johannis Haken, MDCXLIII. [Dissertation, Wittenberg 1643]. Information concerning the author may be found here. 

See also under Stahl, Daniel (praeses)

• Disputatio Metaphysica in qua Scotistarum et Petri Fonsecae distinctio formalis ex natura rei evertitur, ostenditurque Scotistarum hac in materia lententiam cum summa simplicitate Dei pugnare. Jena, typis Johann Weidner (Barbara Weidner), 1631. Online description here.*

•  Disputatio metaphysica de distinctionum generibus, potissimum vero de distinctione rationis, quam S.S. Triadis, omnis distinctionis originis auspicio, sub praesidio Dn. M. Danielis Stahlii, log. et primae philosophiae professoris celeberrimi, promotoris et praeceptoris sui aetatem colendi, publice ventilandam exhibet Johannes Christophorus Seldius Hilperh. Franc. Ad diem 5. Februar. in auditorio majori. Jenae, Literis haeredum Weidneri, 1636. [Dissertation, Jena, 1636]. Online here and here. See also under Seld, Johann Christoph (praeses).

• De distinctione attributorum divinorum tum ab essentia, tum inter se, disputatio philosophica. Def. Johann Georg Lang. Jena, Weidner, 1638. Online here.

• Dissertatio Scoto-Theologica Dogmatico-Scholastica de distinctione in divinis una cum parergis scholastico-dogmaticis ex tractatibus de Deo uno et trino ad mentem Doctoris Mariano-Subtilis Ioannis Duns Scoti. Dissertation. Nördlingen, G.G. Mundbach, 1754. Online here. 

• Disputatio metaphysica de distinctione reali et rationis, cum annexa sententia de distinctione inter fundamentum relationis et ipsam relationem utrum inter se realiter, an sola ratione differant. Quam Deo auxiliante benevolo amplissimi ordinis philosophici consensu, praeside M. Marco Timaeo, Græventhalo-Thuringo, publico eruditorum examini in Alma Salana, ad diem […] Februarii exponet Paulus Gottlieb Berlichius, Dresda Misnicus, H.L.Q.S. Jenae, Literis Johannis Wertheri, anno M.DC.LXV [Dissertation, Jena, 1665].

See also the intro page of this website; information concerning the author may be found here.

• Quaestio logica de distinctione unitatis formalis a numerica. Cracoviae, [s.n.], 1653. Small dissertation with unknown praeses. Online here.

• Disputationum philosophicarum pars 1. exhibens principia disserendi ex nobiliss. peripateticis et scholasticis deducta; antehac in incluta Salana, permissu siperiorum, modo privatim, modo publice discussa; nunc autem ita emendata, ut studioso instar clypei esse possint. Accessit recens disputatio de distinctione reali et rationis utilissima, prolixe tractata. Auctore et praeside M. Guilielmo Ursino, Deisellano, Hesso. Cum praefatione Rodolphi Goclenii, Senioris; Marpurg. Philos. longe celeberrimi etc. Francofurti, Typis Wolfgangi Ricteri, sumptibus Geordii Eberi et Consortum. Anno M.DCIII [Frankfurt am Main, 1603]. Online here and here.

• Second edition. Prostat in Nobilis Francofurti Paltheniana, 1610. Online here. 

• Theses logicae, de entibus rationis, distinctionibus et gradibus metaphysicis. Def. Karl Ludwig Gottlieb Hilleprand de Prandau. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1705]. Online here.

• De modis distinctionum disputatio altera. Dissertation. Magdeburg: Johann Burckhard, 1664. Online here.

• Disputatio menstrua de ente rationis, distinctionibus et praecisionibus obiectivis. Def. Georg Hilger. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1668]. Online here and here. 

• Disputatio I. philosophica de identitate et distinctione rerum. Dissertation. Dilingen, Ignaz Mayer, 1663. Online here.

• Theses philosophicae de distinctionibus et universalibus tam in genere quam in specie. Def. Edmund Haas. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1686]. Online here. 

• Disputatio logica de distinctionibus, praecisionibus obiectivis, et universalibus, quam pro menstruo exercitio in alma, et archiepiscipali Universitate Salisburgensi sub praesidio P. Petri Wolgschaffn, Monachi Benedictini ex antiquissimo Monast. S. Petri Salisburgi, AA. LL. et philosophiae doctoris eiusdemque professoris ordinarii, defendit R.R. et perdoctus D. Dionysius Eberhardt, ejusdem ordinis et celebrrimo Monasterio Priflingensi professus, logicae studiosus Ad Diem […] Aprilis Anno 1679. Cum facultate superiorum. Salisburgi, Ex typographia Joannis Baptistae Mayr, Typographi Aulico-Academici. [Dissertation, consisting of a single leaf with theses, Salzburg, 1679]. Online here. 

• Distinctio Rationis Ratoicinatae Ad Mentem Aristotelis Et D. Thomae Aquinatis Explicata. Quam Praeside P. Paulo Zetl [...]. Publice propugnavit Monachij Josephus Stephanus Ränner, Monacensis Bojus, Mense Augusto M. DCC. XII. Monachii: Riedl [1712]. Dissertation. Online here.

• Disputatio metaphysica de eodem et diverso & qui cum iis cohaerent modis distinctionum. Dissertation. Wittenberg: Wendt, 1650. Online here.