3 SHOPPING AROUND

Unit 3 Learning Outcomes

Use vocabulary related to shopping.

Understand and use gerunds as subjects and objects.

Understand more about the history of money.

Write tips about shopping in a major city.

Use strategies for PdS Speaking Part 3 and Reading Part 6.

GRAMMAR LOOK: VERB + GERUND - 

VERB + INFINITIVE

👉 In English, some verbs are followed by –ING and some by TO + verb.

We learn them as groups, not as rules.

Verb + -ING (Gerund)

We use –ING after verbs that talk about likes and dislikes.

These verbs talk about things we enjoy, stop or keep doing.

like / love / enjoy - hate - stop - finish - don´t mind 

• I like playing football. ⚽

• She enjoys reading books. 📚

• We stopped talking. 🤫

• He finished eating. 🍎

• He doesn’t mind helping at home.

Verb + TO + infinitive

We use TO + verb to talk about plans, wishes or decisions.

These verbs talk about plans, wishes or decisions.

want - need - decide - hope - learn

• I want to play football. ⚽

• She needs to study. 📖

• We decided to go home. 🏠

• He is learning to swim. 🏊

• I want to be a vet.

• We need to study for the test.

• She decided to help her friend.

TIP:

🟢 LIKE / LOVE / ENJOY → verb + ING

🔵 WANT / NEED / DECIDE → TO + verb

There is no big rule.

We learn verb + ING and verb + TO like vocabulary.

Practice makes it easy! 😊

🔹 “Complete the sentence”

1. I like ______ (play) video games.
   
   

2. I want ___ (travel) to London.
   
   

3. She enjoys ___ (dance).
   
   

4. We need ___ (finish) our project.

GERUNDS AS SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS

1️⃣ KEY IDEA

A gerund (-ing form) can act like a noun.

👉 “Sometimes, verbs ending in -ing work like things (nouns), not actions.”

2️⃣ Gerund AS SUBJECT OF A SENTENCE

When a gerund is the subject, it tells us what the sentence is about.

• Swimming is fun.
  
  

• Reading helps you learn English.
  
  

• Playing video games is relaxing.
  
  

ATENCIÓN

• El verbo en -ing está al principio
  
  

• Podemos preguntar: What is fun? → Swimming
  
  

💡 Tip:

If you can replace it with “it”, it’s a subject.
👉 Swimming is fun → It is fun

3️⃣ Gerund as object of a sentence

Some verbs are followed by a gerund. The gerund is the object.

👉 “The gerund answers the question what? after the verb.”

Examples:

• I like listening to music.
  
  

• She enjoys reading comics.
  
  

• They hate doing homework.
  
  

🔍 Tip:

• Primero hay un verbo normal (like, enjoy, hate)
  
  

• Después viene el -ing

THERE IS / THERE ARE 

THERE ARE / THEY ARE

WHICH/WHERE/ WHO