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Austrostipa pubinodis (Tall Spear-grass)
Tufted perennial plant 0.4-1.0m tall with swollen, downy nodes. Leaf sheath hairy; leaf blade tightly rolled, 15-40cm x 1-2.5mm; leaf blade surface smooth. Fertile spikelet 1-flowered. Glumes similar, 16-29mm long; lower glume 3-nerved, upper glume 5-nerved. Lemma 10-13mm long, brown with dense white or tawny hairs covering the slightly bent callus. Awn 5.5-9.5cm long; column twisted, 3-6cm long. Flowers appear from October to November.
Austrostipa rudis ssp. rudis (Veined Spear-grass)
Tufted perennial to 1.2m high. Leaf blades flat or inrolled, 2-5mm wide, upper surface rough. Leaves up to 40cm long. Glumes almost similar in length, thinner than fertile lemma. Lemma 5-11.5mm long, hairy; reddish-brown at maturity. Awn with 2 or 3 bends, less than 60mm long, with twisted column 20-25mm long. This grass grows in sandy areas with moist soils.
Carex breviculmis (Common Grass-sedge)
A grass-like tufted sedge with long, narrow, bright green leaves which taper to a point. Widespread in the grasslands and woodlands around Chandlers Hill. Can survive dry conditions.
Short flower spikes are hidden among leaves. There is a terminal spike of male flowers, while the rest are female. Flowering occurs from August to December.
Carex fascicularis (Tassel Sedge)
Densely tufted sedge growing up to 1m tall. Leaves are bright green, mostly as tall as flower stalks, sheath yellow-brown, leaf blades 6-11mm wide, slightly corrugated. Inflorescence spreading, with 3-6 spikes solitary at nodes, lowest involucral bracts exceeding spikes. Spikes with long pedicels, drooping at maturity, 2.5-7cm long; uppermost spike male. Glumes rough with sharp point, style 3-branched. Flowers appear from October to April. Nut is obovoid, trigonous in cross-section, yellow-brown.
Deyeuxia quadriseta (Reed Bent-grass)
Slender perennial grass up to 1.5m tall. Leaf blades smooth, slightly inrolled and tapering to a blunt point. Ligule membranous. Inflorescence typically a dense and cylindrical panicle (up to 18cm); although occasionally spreading.
Flowers appear from October to May.
Dichelachne micrantha (Short-hair Plume-grass)
Culms erect, 50-120cm tall. Leaves 7-23cm long, 2-5mm wide. Nodes not hairy. Flower panicle 5-15cm long. Glumes not equal, lower glume shorter. Lemma 2-lobed, 5-nerved. Awn rough, 10-22mm long, with straight or slightly twisted column. Usually one anther only.
Gahnia radula (Thatch Saw-sedge)
A tufted perennial with culms 0.5 to 1m tall. Erect narrow, flat, scabrous green leaves with sharply inrolled margins are longer than culms.
Flowers are loosely arranged in a chestnut brown or black panicle up to 70cm long which sometimes becomes pendulous. Spikelets 2-flowered. Flowering occurs throughout the year. Nuts dark brown to black. Found in dry woodlands and grassy open forests and wattle tea-tree scrub.
Gahnia sieberiana (Red-fruited Saw-sedge)
Tall perennial sedge which forms tussocks, with culms 1 to 2.5m high. Leaves are long, flat, scabrous and recurved, becoming pendulous. Usually found in moist areas.
Dense yellow-brown panicle becomes almost black, flowering from October to January.
Produces shiny red nuts along the length of the panicle.
Imperata cylindrica (Blady Grass)
Erect, spreading rhizomatous perennial grass, 10-100cm tall. Flat, green leaves with prominent midrib, margins and upper surface rough; nodes silky hairy. Dense, fluffy, cylindrical flower spike-like panicle 7-20cm. Flowers rarely seen; appears after fire or slashing. Flowers Jan-May.
Isolepis cernua var. cernua (Nodding Club-sedge)
Densely tufted small sedge, 2-20cm high. Leaves reduced, up to 4cm long. From 1 to 3 floral spikelets, each 2-6mm long. Grows in moist places.
Isolepis cernua var. platycarpa (Broad-fruit Club-sedge)
A really tiny rush growing usually less than 70 mm high. The leaves are less than half the length of the flowering stems.
Isolepis inundata (Swamp Club-sedge)
Slender, tufted perennial sedge, 5-50cm high. Leaf reduced, up to 6cm long. Flower spikelets 3-15 per inflorescence (rarely one), each 2-6mm long.
Isolepis marginata (LIttle or Coarse Club-sedge)
A tiny tufted annual about 25 to 100 mm tall. The leaves, to 4cm long, are shorter than the flowering stems. Single sessile cluster of 1-6 spikelets, 3-7mm long. Glumes boat-shaped, shiny green with bright reddish or purplish-black patches, prominent 4-6 veins on side. Three stamens. Flowers from September to January. Nut unequally triangular, glossy pale yellow to pale red-brown.
Juncus bufonius (Toad Rush)
A tufted, grass-like plant to 20cm tall. Branched panicle.
Juncus filicaulis (Thread Rush)
A tufted perennial with slender, blue-green stems (about 1.2mm wide). Can grow to 70cm tall. There is usually only one globular cluster of flowers per stem. Grows well in sunny locations if there is adequate moisture.
The pith of the stem is almost solid, with tiny air spaces.
Juncus fockei (Slender Joint-leaf Rush)
Small rush to 50cm tall. Leaves hollow, bright green with visible joints or partitions; joints less visible when leaves are young. Clusters of green flowers tinged with reddish-brown, on long branches separated along the stem. Flowers in November to December.
Juncus gregiflorus (Green Rush)
Tufted perennial rush with bright shiny green culms (stems) 50 to 140cm tall and 1 to 3mm thick. Basal leaf sheaths dark yellow-brown to dark red-brown at base, loose, 10 to 22cm long.
Each Inflorescence is 1 to 5cm long, with numerous densely clustered flowers separated by bare branches. Pale greenish to brown flower has 3 yellowish stamens. Flowering occurs mostly November to January.
The pith of the culm is interrupted by large, cylindrical air spaces.
Juncus pallidus (Pale Rush)
Tall, robust perennial rush, bluish-green or dull green culms 50 to 230cm tall, 2.5 to 8mm in diameter. Basal leaf sheaths pale yellow to dark red-brown at base, loose or tight, 10 to 30cm long.
The pith of the culm is spongy and uninterrupted.
Juncus pauciflorus (Loose-flower Rush)
Stems bright, shiny green, 0.4-2.2mm wide. Pith cobwebby and continuous. Height 0.3-1m. Flowers widely spaced on an open panicle. Reddish-brown capsule longer than tepals.
Juncus radula (Hoary Rush)
Size 20-60cm tall. Upper stems minutely rough. Tufted dull blue-green stems 0.5-2.5mm wide, 12-30 strongly raised striations, pith continuous, cobwebby. Loose panicle of single flowers spaced along rough branches, lanceolate tepals with green midrib and semi-transparent edges. Primary bract up to 30cm long. Flowers from Oct-Dec.
Juncus sarophorus (Broom Rush)
Tufted, rhizomatous perennial rush with hard, dull green culms 60 to 170cm tall, 1 to 4mm thick. Basal leaf sheaths dark yellow-brown to dark red-brown or black at base, 13 to 40cm long, tight or loose. Dense fan-shaped inflorescence, 6 to 15cm long, with greenish flowers scattered along many branchlets. Each flower has 3 stamens. Flowering occurs from November to February. This plant can be found in damp areas beside tracks. The pith of the culm is interrupted by large, cobwebby, irregular air spaces.
Juncus subsecundus (Finger Rush)
Tufted perennial rush with dull blue-green, slender, erect culms, 50 to 100cm tall, 1 to 2.5mm thick. Basal leaf sheaths usually tight, pale to mid-brown, 7 to 12cm long. Loose inflorescence 7 to 17cm long. Reddish-tinged flowers mainly in lower basal clusters, separated by long bare branches from the smaller terminal clusters. Flower has 6 stamens. Flowering occurs from October to January.
The pith of the culm is interrupted by irregular-sized, globular or spongy air spaces.
Lepidosperma elatius (Tall Sword-sedge)
Large, tussock-forming sedge with long, flat leaves up to 10mm wide and slightly shorter than stems. Leaves can cut bare skin.
Loose panicle more than 100mm long, appearing most of the year. New culms are red and green in colour.
Distinguishing feature of Lepidosperma elatius is the prominent mid-rib of the flat culms (stems).
Lepidosperma laterale (Variable Sword-sedge)
Tufting sedge to 1m high. Narrow, stiff flat green leaves with sharp margins to 6mm wide. Flat stems slightly convex on both sides. Narrow loose panicles to 20cm long. Flowering from September to March. This plant is very variable and adaptable to local conditions. Occurs in damp valley and dry sclerophyll forests, woodlands and grassy, low open forests.
Luzula meridionalis var. flaccida (Common Woodrush)
Loosely tufted perennial reaching a height of 15cm, with bright green leaves. Leaf margins have long, white hairs, denser towards the leaf base. Flower stems are erect and usually longer than leaves. Long leaf-like bract at the base of the flowerhead extends beyond the flowers.
Microlaena stipoides (Weeping Grass)
Tufted perennial with culms reaching 60cm in length. Leaves have blades flat, up to 20cm long and 12mm wide. Tufts of hair present at leaf-sheath junction. Inflorescence a narrow panicle with a weeping habit, up to 18cm long. Spikelets green to dark purplish-brown. Flowering occurs mostly from October to March. A very variable species, occurring as tussocks, small colonies or lawns. Widespread.
Poa ensiformis (Purple-sheath Tussock-grass)
A robust, rhizomatous plant forming loose tussocks, stems to 1.2m high. Leaves are rough, long, flat and dark green, up to 75cm long and 6mm wide. Leaf sheaths are purplish. Old leaves become inrolled and straw-coloured.
Culms are topped by a loose, pyramidal inflorescence of up to 30cm long. Spikelets contain 3 to 8 flowers. Flowering happens from November to March.
Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana (Grey Tussock-grass)
Tufted perennial with culms reaching up to 80cm high. Leaves narrow and often curled, finely scabrous and cylindrical, up to 60cm long and 0.3 to 0.6mm wide.
Mature inflorescence an open pyramidal panicle, branches mostly in pairs, spikelets 2 to 7 flowered. Flowering occurs from October to March.
Rytidosperma caespitosum (Common Wallaby-grass)
Synonym: Danthonia caespitosa, Austrodanthonia caespitosa
Perennial grass, 13-90cm tall, 2-4 nodes. Leaves variable, 15-35cm long and 1-4mm wide, flat or loosely rolled, sometimes bluish-green on top. Lemma 2.5-5mm long. Awn column dark reddish-brown, strongly twisted 3-5 times.
Rytidosperma geniculatum (Kneed Wallaby-grass)
Small, tufted grass, 20-40cm tall. Leaves softly hairy, 15-25cm long, 1mm or less wide. Flower panicle densely ovate, 1-5cm long. Awn about the same length as lemma lobes. Column slightly twisted. Lemma lobes tapered, spread widely.
Rytidosperma indutum (Shiny Wallaby-grass, Yellow-anther Wallaby-grass)
Synonym: Austrodanthonia induta
Robust tufted perennial with stems 70-120cm tall and up to 3mm wide. Flat, shiny dark green leaves 30-35cm long and 1.5-4mm wide. Anthers orange-yellow in colour. Lemma 10-11mm long. Awn with dark reddish-brown strongly twisted column.
Rytidosperma pallidum (Red Anther Wallaby-grass, Silvertop Wallaby-grass)
Synonym: Joycea pallida
Densely tufted perennial plant, culms erect to 1.8m tall. Leaves with inrolled margins to 40cm long and 0.5 to 6mm wide.
Panicle loose and slender, to 35cm long. Spikelets have 3-6 flowers. Bright orange-red anthers of flowers are characteristic. Flowering occurs from November to January.
Rytidosperma racemosum (Clustered Wallaby-grass)
Synonym: Austrodanthonia racemosa
Variable, tufted grass up to 60cm tall. Culms have 4-5 nodes, ligules a fringe of hairs. Panicles often develop a drooping habit. Leaves narrow, up to 15cm long and 1mm wide, flat or strongly inrolled. Awn column loosely twisted. Flowering occurs from October to January.
Rytidosperma setaceum var. setaceum (Bristly Wallaby-grass)
Erect, slender, densely tufted grass to 70cm tall. Leaf blade mostly inrolled, 5-20cm x 1mm, distinctly ribbed and slightly rough. Inflorescence a dense, lanceolate panicle 3-8cm long; spikelet contains 4-10 green and purple flowers. Glumes similar, 3-5 nerved, 8-14mm long. Lemma 2-3.5mm long with 2 lateral lobes ending in setae. Central awn 5-9mm long overall, bent, with twisted column. Flowers appear October to January.
Schoenus apogon (Common Bog-rush)
Slender perennial tufted herb, 5-30cm high. Tiny flowers appear from October to January.
Grows in seasonally wet soils.
Tetrarrhena juncea (Forest Wire-grass)
Wiry, many-branched scrambling perennial grass with minutely hooked stems which may reach 3 to 5m in length. Flat, rough leaves spread distantly and alternately up the stem.
Prefers moist soils, mostly seen in sheltered areas.
Themeda triandra (Kangaroo Grass)
Erect or spreading perennial tussock grass. Culms can reach 90cm high. Long narrow leaves are green to bluish-green, up to 30cm long and 4mm wide. Inflorescence commonly arching, 10 to 25cm long. Spikelets occur in clusters of 6 to 8, sheathed by a leaf-like bract up to 100mm long. Flowers mainly from October to February.
Widespread and conspicuous around Chandlers Hill.
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