Introduction to Dairy Science & Technology

A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing (or both) of animal milk – mostly from cows or goats, but also from buffaloes, sheep, horses or camels – for human consumption. As an attributive, the word dairy refers to milk-based products, derivatives and processes, and the animals and workers involved in their production: for example dairy cattle, dairy goat. A dairy farm produces milk and a dairy factory processes it into a variety of dairy products. These establishments constitute the global dairy industry, a component of the food industry. 

Science is a branch of study or knowledge involving the observation, investigation, and discovery of general laws or truths that can be tested systematically.

Science is the study of the nature and behavior of natural things and the knowledge that we obtain about them.

Science is the systematic knowledge of the physical or material world gained through observation and experimentation.

Science is the pursuit and application of knowledge and understanding of the natural and social world following a systematic methodology based on evidence.

Scientific methodology includes the following:

• Objective observation: Measurement and data (possibly although not necessarily using mathematics as a tool)

• Evidence

• Experiment and/or observation as benchmarks for testing hypotheses

• Induction: reasoning to establish general rules or conclusions drawn from facts or examples

• Repetition

• Critical analysis

• Verification and testing: critical exposure to scrutiny, peer review and assessment

Technology is the collection of techniques, methods or processes used in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of objectives, such as scientific investigation. Technology can be the knowledge of techniques, processes, etc. or it can be embedded in machines, computers, devices and factories, which can be operated by individuals without detailed knowledge of the workings of such things.

Dairy Technology

Techniques, methods or processes used in the production of milk and milk products.

Dairy Technology deals with the study of milk, its preservation and processing to obtain milk products. The study involves storage, packing, processing, transporting and distributing dairy products with an understanding of nutrition, biochemistry and microbiology.  In addition to that, some physics, chemistry, engineering and economics is also included in the field, for the proper utilization of milk and development of its products.