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Early trade
Early trade
Coffee cultivation and trade began on the Arabian Peninsula and during the 15th century it is known to have grown in the Yemeni district of Arabia. Around the 16th century coffee was present in Persia, Egypt, Syria, and Turkey. By the 17th Century, European travelers had told stories of an unusual dark black beverage. Eventually coffee had made its way to Europe and was becoming popular across the continent.
In 1723, a young naval officer, Gabriel de Clieu obtained a coffee seedling from King Louis XIV of France who possessed a coffee plant in his private garden. He managed to transport it safely to Martinique where it became credited with the spread of over 18 million coffee trees. Eventually this seedling became the parent of all coffee trees throughout the Caribbean, South and Central America. Many missionaries, traders, and colonists continued to carry coffee seeds to new lands. Plantations were established and soon new nations were formed on coffee economies. By the end of the 18th century, coffee had become one of the world's most profitable export crops.
Chase & Sanborne Coffee Trade Card1893
Fair Trade
Fair Trade
During the 1960s and 1970s, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Asia, Africa and Latin America perceived the need to not exploit farmers in low and low-middle income countries. These organizations provided assistance to help disadvantaged producers gain agency in order to gain greater equity in international trade.
The goal of Fair Trade products are to create more than a fair financial system to the workers. Its goal is to create a system in which a long-term, sustainable relationship is obtained between the consumer, distributor, and the third world producers. This will eventually allow these workers and their community to thrive and succeed in the global marketplace.
Fair Trade began with a network of trade organizations between Europe and the United States around the 1970's which later became international around the 1990's. The certification of Fair Trade products which offers producers a reasonable income has spread from coffee to bananas, tea, sugar, chocolate, and more. Between 2002 and 2003 alone, global sales of Fair Trade products increased, from US$600 million to US$895 million. In 2008 the Fair Trade network was benefiting over 800,000 farmers in 500 producer groups in fifty-eight countries
In 2017, Fair Trade certified coffee farmers earned an estimated €84 million in Fair-trade Premiums that were invested in farmer services and community projects.
Citations
Clarence-Smith, W. G., and Steven Topik. The Global Coffee Economy in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, 1500–1989. Cambridge University Press, 2003.Citations
“National Coffee Association.” NCA, National Coffee Association of U.S.A., Inc, www.ncausa.org/About-Coffee
Nützenadel, Alexander , and Frank Trentmann , ed. Food and Globalization: Consumption, Markets and Politics in the Modern World. Oxford: Berg, 2008. Cultures of Consumption Series. Cultures of Consumption Series. Bloomsbury Food Library~Bloomsbury Food Library 2020 Annual Update~Bloomsbury Food Library 2019 Annual Update~. Web. 6 May 2020.
“World Fair Trade Organization.” World Fair Trade Organization, wfto.com
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