Module 5:

Expressions and Equations

Putting It All Together

Students learn algebraic skills (addition and subtraction) as early as kindergarten. As they develop a conceptual understanding of the four operations, this understanding begins ties into number sense and reasoning. Students are introduced to vocabulary specifically related to expressions in 4th grade. Understanding of expressions leads into expressions and equations in middle school (Siegler et al., 2012). Look over the outlined vertical alignment, you'll notice expressions and equations are specifically highlighted.

If you would like to refer back to the vertical alignment coherence map, click here.

Additionally, click here to see the NC Unpacked Documents (NC DPI, 2017).

Continue looking over the sections below to learn about teaching expressions and equations conceptually through engaging activities that promote investigation and problem solving.

6th - 7th Grade

Solving Equations

Algebra tiles can be used for many different mathematical concepts, solving equations is just one of them. Watch how the algebra tiles are used, you will practice representing equations in your Reflection and Activity Journal.

You can find all of the resources used in the video to the left including all of the print outs here (Scaffolded Math and Science, 2020).

8th Grade

Linear Equations

Watch this video on the Teaching Channel that shows a math class learning how to graph coordinate points on a full-size floor graph. Listen to the students discuss how and why this helps them get a better feel for what the Linear Equation means and how slope and intercept affect the rate of change.


**If you do not have a Teaching Channel account, you will be prompted to create a free Teaching Channel account.

Resources that support this lesson: Graphing Worksheet associated with the Graphing Lesson plan. Both are provided on the Teaching Channel website.

**If you do not have a Teaching Channel account, you will be prompted to create a free Teaching Channel account.

Graphing Full Body Style Transcript (R. Davis for the Teaching Channel)

Great Lesson Ideas: Graphing Linear Equations Full Body Style with Rebecca Davis

Davis: [00:00:00] Hello. My name is Rebecca Davis. I teach seventh and eighth grade pre-algebra at Clyde Boyd Middle School in San Springs, Oklahoma. The lesson I’m going to share with you is called graphing linear equations – full body style. [00:00:11]

[00:00:14] I wanted to find a way to get them to remember how to graph linear equations, so I thought how can I get them out of their seat, physically doing it? [00:00:23]

[00:00:23] We’re going to practice graphing using slope intercept form on the floor with your bodies. Okay? [00:00:32]

[00:00:32] When the students first walk in, they’re going to see the room completely cleared out and a big X and Y axis on your floor. I have them get into groups of three—at least three to four. I give them an equation on the board. One of you be B the Y intercept, and you’re going to step up and start the line. The rest of them are going to be the ends, the slope. And they notice when they’re not getting in a line, they know when one of them is doing something wrong, and then they try to figure it out. So it’s really immediate response, immediate feedback and just extremely successful. [00:01:06]

[00:01:06] This graph lies—like if you’re in the back, you can see it pretty clearly. This is your Y axis. This is your X axis. This will be the Y. This is the X. [00:01:16]

[00:01:16] Using duct tape, it’s really easy. You can go through and write on it. You write the origin, write all the numbers one through however far you can get it on your floor, and then the negative side and also up and down the Y axis. [00:01:28]

[00:01:28] I will give you the line that you’re going to graph first. So do I have a group that would volunteer? [00:01:34]

[00:01:35] I let them volunteer first cause it breaks the ice a little easier that way. Each group will come up, see an equation and I ask them to start with the Y intercept. Then the slopes will start from there and start stepping out the slope. [00:01:50]

[00:01:52] Okay, now let’s change your Y intercept from a positive four to a positive seven. What’s going to happen? [00:02:00]

Child: [00:02:01] Everyone’s going to move up three. [00:02:02]

Davis: [00:02:03] Move up there, let’s go. [00:02:04]

[00:02:04] Ask the students after they’ve graphed the initial line to change the Y intercept, to change the slope. [00:02:10]

[00:02:10] You left [inaudible 02:09] null of it? Very good. Okay do a slope of two. Go ahead. So Alex won’t move. The Y intercept—[00:02:18]

[00:02:18] Then they can see immediately, oh it’s getting steeper, or it’s translating up so much, or translating back. They see those important effects if you change the line. [00:02:28]

[00:02:29] Now you’re not as steep. You’re much more flat. Now plus and then you turn positive. [00:02:32]

[00:02:33] After everyone is finished if time remains, have them compete. See two groups, which one can race and get the line the graph the fastest. [00:02:42]

[00:02:42] Would you be interested in having a race? [00:02:45]

Child: [00:02:45] Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. [00:02:50]

Davis: [00:02:53] Ready? Go. [00:02:54]

[kids talking and moving 02:54 – 03:01]

Davis: [00:03:01] When they’re challenged, it’s really funny then, watching them, you step here, no you go back, no wait, go back. It’s really funny. [00:03:09]

[00:03:11] Time. Okay. 44 seconds. [00:03:13]

Child: [00:03:16] Yes I did. I had a lot of fun because we usually use pencil and paper and now we’re like acting. [00:03:23]

Davis: [00:03:23] 18 seconds. [00:03:24]

Child: [00:03:25] So we get it more, it’s easier. We are getting up and moving around and interacting with each other, so it’s easier and nice. [00:03:34]

Davis: [00:03:34] Wow. 16 seconds. Very good, are you after it again? Are you ready? [00:03:41]

[00:03:47] Look how close you guys are. [Laughter] 12 seconds. Very good. [00:03:52]

Child: [00:03:51] Let’s go. [00:03:52]

Davis: [00:03:54] Whoa wait minute. [00:03:54]

[00:03:54] I love it whenever I can get my kids up out of their seats and physically involved in the lesson instead of just sitting down pencil and paper. [00:04:01]

[00:04:09] This is such a fun and beneficial lesson that I have resources available to help you implement this into your classroom. [00:04:17]


You may view the book "Nix the Tricks" by clicking the operations icon above. According to Cardone and MTBoS (2015), the following trick are commonly used when teaching about expressions and equations:

  • Chapter 6: Equations and Inequalities

    • 6.2 Take or Move to the Other Side

    • 6.3: Switch the Side and Switch the Sign

    • 6.4: Cancel

  • Chapter 7: Functions

    • 7.1: Rise over Run as the Definition of Slope

    • 7.2: OK vs. NO Slope

    • 7.3: What is b?

    • 7.6: FOIL

    • 7.7: Slide and Divide a.k.a Throw the Football

For extra resources click here to explore a "fix" for some of these tricks (Cardone & MTBOS, 2015).

Make it Real

In your Reflection and Activity Journal complete the task:

Grab and organize the algebra tiles to illustrate the equations we provided conceptually.

Terms of Use: The learning cycle featured in this project is based on the STAR Legacy Cycle developed by the IRIS Centre (2013; https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/) and based on the work of Dr. John Branford and colleagues (National Research Council, 2000).