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Andragogy is the learning theory which focuses on the characteristic of adults and the important aspects to teach learners. Contrary to Pedagogy, teaching adults requiress consideration such as what they expect for learning. Malcom Knowles proposed 5 assumptions regarding Andragogy. This 5 assumptions explains the characteristics of adult learners and considering these factors when designing learning activities is very important.
5 assumptions of Andragogy proposed by Malcom Knowles
5 assumptions of Andragogy proposed by Malcom Knowles
- Self-Concept
As a person matures his/her self concept moves from one of being a dependent personality toward one of being a self-directed human being.
- Adult Learner Experience
As a person matures he/she accumulates a growing reservoir of experience that becomes an increasing resource for learning.
- Readiness to Learn
As a person matures his/her readiness to learn becomes oriented increasingly to the developmental tasks of his/her social roles.
- Orientation to Learning
As a person matures his/her time perspective changes from one of postponed application of knowledge to immediacy of application. As a result his/her orientation toward learning shifts from one of subject- centeredness to one of problem centeredness.
- Motivation to Learn
As a person matures the motivation to learn is internal
Furthermore, he proposed 4 principles for adult learners.
4 Principles of Andragogy
4 Principles of Andragogy
- Adults need to be involved in the planning and evaluation of their instruction.
- Experience (including mistakes) provides the basis for the learning activities.
- Adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance and impact to their job or personal life.
- Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented.
The most impressive principle for me is “Adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance and impact to their job or personal life.” It is very important because most adults try to get knowledge and skills while working in their daily lives. Therefore, if I design learning activities in the future, I need to clarify what they can learn in the program and understand the need and currents interests of participants.
Considering 5 assumptions and 4 principles of Andragogy, I'd like to propose the learning activity which teaches "The administration of LMS and how to solve possible problems of educational systems in higher education",
An example of a learning scenario based on andragogy
An example of a learning scenario based on andragogy
The program is "The administration of LMS and how to solve possible problems of educational systems in higher education". The target of this program is "system administrator of learning management systems" and participants can get practical knowledge and skills to administer LMS. Every class has themes such as "Registration of enormous students to LMS" and "Updating LMS". All themes are published beforehand, so participants can select classes depending on their interest. Furthermore, each class consists of 2 parts. At first, professional system administrator explains the frequently happening problems and how they solved that problem. After the explanation by professionals, participants are divided into small groups and talk real problems related to the class theme and try to solve that problems together.
Reflecting My learning experience based on Andragogy
Reflecting My learning experience based on Andragogy
★ Please check my learning experience page before reading this paragraph.
My experience in Google digital workshop was partially based on Andragogy (4 principles of Andragogy). Regarding the principle "Adults are most interested in learning subjects that have immediate relevance and impact to their job or personal life", the content was closely related to my job and I could use them immediately after I finished learning.
However, the content was not based on the principle such as "Adult learning is problem-centered rather than content-oriented." The contents were grouped depending on services and topics, so I did not have a chance to solve real-world problem using the knowledge and skills acquired in this workshop.
Pappas, C. (2017). The Adult Learning Theory - Andragogy - of Malcolm Knowles. Retrieved September 26, 2017, from https://elearningindustry.com/the-adult-learning-theory-andragogy-of-malcolm-knowles
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