Climate change refers to the long-term shifts in global temperatures and weather patterns that are primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. These activities have led to an increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, causing the Earth's surface temperature to rise and leading to a wide range of environmental and societal impacts, including sea-level rise, more frequent and severe heatwaves, droughts, floods, and storms. 

The effects of climate change are already being felt around the world, with record-breaking temperatures, melting glaciers, and changes in ecosystems and wildlife populations. If left unchecked, climate change will have devastating consequences for the planet, including loss of human life, increased poverty, and hunger, displacement of populations, and economic instability. 

To mitigate the impacts of climate change, it is critical to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by transitioning to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources, increasing energy efficiency, and adopting sustainable land-use practices. We also need to adapt to the changes that are already occurring, such as building more resilient infrastructure and enhancing preparedness for extreme weather events. 

Overall, addressing climate change requires urgent action and cooperation from individuals, communities, and governments around the world to ensure a sustainable future for all.