Cfa Social Studies 6 

Mesopotamia

Ancient Mesopotamia was a civilization full of innovations. These innovations included the 60 second minute, cylinder seals, the wheel, the sail, the map, and many, many more. Mesopotamian architecture was also incredible, and some of the most famous pieces include palaces, Ziggurats, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Royal Tombs of Ur, and the Ishtar Gates, which welcomed people into the beautiful city of Babylon. Mesopotamians were also polytheistic. Their major gods and goddesses included Anu, Enil, Nanna, and Utu. 

The area of ancient Mesopotamia includes present-day southern Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Egypt, and some of Turkey and Iran. Mesopotamia was a really big civilization, with one city state, Lagash, having a population of about 100,000 people altogether. Another city-state, Uruk, was estimated to have around the same population. This proves that Mesopotamia was a very large civilization. 

At one point, Mesopotamia was united under the rule of Akkadian ruler Sargon l. This formed the empires of Assyria and Babylon. Although Mesopotamia lasted for thousands and thousands of years, King Cyrus conquered Babylon in October, 539 BCE. This was the end of the Mesopotamian Empire. (EL)

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