Sources and Citations
References
A list of sources supporting the accuracy and credibility of this module.
Sources and Citations
A list of sources supporting the accuracy and credibility of this module.
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Hitawala AA, Goosenberg E. Budd Chiari Syndrome [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2026. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558941/
Ferral H, Behrens G, Lopera J. Budd-Chiari syndrome. AJR American journal of roentgenology [Internet]. 2012 Oct 1;199(4):737–45. doi:10.2214/AJR.12.9098
DeLeve LD, Valla DC, Garcia‐Tsao G. Vascular disorders of the liver. Hepatology [Internet]. 2009 May 1;49(5):1729–64. doi:10.1002/hep.22772
Bansal V, Gupta P, Sinha S, Dhaka N, Kalra N, Vijayvergiya R, et al. Budd-Chiari syndrome: imaging review. The British Journal of Radiology. 2018 Dec;91(1092):20180441. doi:10.1259/bjr.20180441
DeVries JJ, Myers HA, Buffington J, Brant A. Chronic abdominal pain: Budd-Chiari syndrome with converging pathologies. Journal of vascular nursing. 2025;43(4):246–249. doi:10.1016/j.jvn.2025.08.007
Budd-Chiari syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Outlook [Internet]. Cleveland Clinic. Available from: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21097-budd-chiari-syndrome
European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Vascular diseases of the liver. Journal of Hepatology. 2016;64(1):179–202. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2015.07.040
Plessier A, Valla DC. Budd-Chiari Syndrome. Seminars in Liver Disease. 2008 Aug;28(03):259–69. doi:10.1055/s-0028-1085094
Momodu II, Bartholomew JR. Anticoagulation [Internet] PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560651/
Budd-Chiari syndrome medication. Medscape. Updated 2025 Jul 21. Available from: https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/184430-medication
Crossan K, Jones MW. Portacaval shunt [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563212/
Mancuso A. Budd–Chiari syndrome management: Controversies and open issues. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(11):2670. doi:10.3390/diagnostics12112670.
Wells RG. Cellular Sources of Extracellular Matrix in Hepatic Fibrosis. Clinics in Liver Disease. 2008 Nov;12(4):759–68. doi:10.1016/j.cld.2008.07.008
Valla DC. Primary Budd–Chiari syndrome. J Hepatol. 2009;50(1):195–203. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.10.007
Bataller R, Brenner DA. Liver fibrosis. J Clin Invest. 2005;115(2):209–218. doi:10.1172/JCI24282
Ranasinghe IR, Sharma B, Bashir K. Hepatorenal syndrome [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Aug 8. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430856/
Mandiga P, Kommu S, Bollu PC. Hepatic encephalopathy [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan 20. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430869/