• Vascular Tissue: Absent (non-vascular)

• Dominant Generation: Gametophyte

• Structure: Flattened, leaf-like thallus; no true roots, stems, or leaves

• Reproduction: Sexual and asexual (via gemmae cups)

• Habitat: Moist environments

• Example: Marchantia 

• Vascular Tissue: Absent (non-vascular)

• Dominant Generation: Gametophyte (thalloid)

• Structure: Thallus; sporophyte is horn-like and grows continuously

• Special Feature: Contains nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria in cavities

• Habitat: Moist environments

• Example: Anthoceros

• Vascular Tissue: Absent (non-vascular)

• Dominant Generation: Gametophyte (leafy)

• Structure: Leafy gametophyte with rhizoids (not true roots); sporophyte with seta and capsule

• Habitat: Moist, shaded areas

• Example: Polytrichum