Kinshasa Wedding Photography (/k?n'???s?/; French: [kin?asa]; Lingala: Kinsásá), formerly Léopoldville (Dutch: Leopoldstad), is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Once a site of fishing and trading villages situated along the Congo River, Kinshasa Wedding Photography is now one of the world's fastest growing megacities.
Mon Photographe
4.8
(12) · Wedding photographer
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 12 AM · +243 827 733 390
WEBSITE
Loba Picture
4.9
(15) · Wedding photographer
7+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 10 PM · +243 906 791 972
Onsite services·Online appointments
WEBSITE
Photo Guy
4.1
(22) · Photography studio
5+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Closed ⋅ Opens 9 AM Sat · +243 999 915 115
Provides: Wedding and engagement
WEBSITE
ISLOD MEDIA WORLD (STUDIO)
4.0
(2) · Wedding photographer
10+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 11:30 PM · +243 892 498 469
FABULEUX MARIAGE243
5.0
(2) · Wedding photographer
5+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open 24 hours · +243 892 498 469
The Memory
No reviews · Wedding photographer
3+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Closed ⋅ Opens 9 AM Mon · +243 903 702 521
chique photography drc
No reviews · Wedding photographer
+243 898 056 858
wedding studio
No reviews · Photography studio
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 8:30 PM · +243 978 674 340
Ferik image photography
5.0
(5) · Photographer
Onl, Congo - Kinshasa
Open 24 hours · +243 815 163 263
Provides: Wedding and engagement
Heros Design Drc
No reviews · Wedding photographer
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
+243 810 123 772
G Suite Selfie
4.0
(9) · Photography service
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 9:30 PM · +243 829 407 041
Provides: Wedding and engagement
WEBSITE
STUDIO PHOTODAT
5.0
(3) · Photography studio
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 8:30 PM · +243 896 585 258
Provides: Wedding and engagement
WEBSITE
Congo Photographie
4.7
(3) · Photography studio
5+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 6:30 PM · +243 821 960 782
Provides: Wedding and engagement
Congo Photographie
5.0
(2) · Photographer
7+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 8 PM · +243 821 960 782
Provides: Wedding and engagement
Hot Vizion
3.7
(6) · Photography studio
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 8:30 PM · +243 858 234 955
Provides: Wedding and engagement
STUDIOS PHOTO FOCUS PICTURES
1.0
(1) · Photography studio
10+ years in business · Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open 24 hours · +243 823 288 834
Provides: Wedding and engagement
Sleek Créative Photography
No reviews · Photography studio
Closes soon ⋅ 5 PM · +243 827 229 076
Provides: Wedding and engagement
IsGar Etoile Studio
No reviews · Photography studio
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open ⋅ Closes 8:30 PM · +243 979 752 097
Provides: Wedding and engagement
WEBSITE
Focus pictures ii
No reviews · Photography studio
Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa
Open 24 hours · +243 817 819 777
Provides: Wedding and engagement
Bondeko Photographie Drc
No reviews · Photography service
Open 24 hours · +243 970 245 922
Provides: Wedding and engagement
The city of Kinshasa Wedding Photography is also one of the DRC's 26 provinces. Because the administrative boundaries of the city-province cover a vast area, over 90 percent of the city-province's land is rural in nature, and the urban area occupies a small but expanding section on the western side.[6]
Kinshasa Wedding Photography is Africa's third-largest metropolitan area after Cairo and Lagos.[7][3] It is also the world's largest nominally Francophone urban area, with French being the language of government, education, media, public services and high-end commerce in the city, while Lingala is used as a lingua franca in the street.[8] Kinshasa Wedding Photography hosted the 14th Francophonie Summit in October 2012.[9]
Residents of Kinshasa Wedding Photography are known as Kinois (in French and sometimes in English) or Kinshasa Wedding Photographyns (English). The indigenous people of the area include the Humbu [fr] and Teke. The city faces Brazzaville, the capital of the neighbouring Republic of the Congo. Although the river span is 7 km wide at this point, the two cities are the world's second-closest pair of capital cities (after Vatican City and Rome).
Main articles: History of Kinshasa Wedding Photography, Timeline of Kinshasa Wedding Photography, and Kinshasa Wedding Photography (commune) § History
View of Léopoldville station and port (1884)
Kinshassa village (1912)
The city was established as a trading post by Henry Morton Stanley in 1881.[10] It was named Léopoldville in honour of King Leopold II of the Belgians, who controlled the Congo Free State, the vast territory that is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, not as a colony but as a private property. The post flourished as the first navigable port on the Congo River above Livingstone Falls, a series of rapids over 300 kilometres (190 miles) below Leopoldville. At first, all goods arriving by sea or being sent by sea had to be carried by porters between Léopoldville and Matadi, the port below the rapids and 150 km (93 mi) from the coast. The completion of the Matadi-Kinshasa Wedding Photography portage railway, in 1898, provided an alternative route around the rapids and sparked the rapid development of Léopoldville. In 1914, a pipeline was installed so that crude oil could be transported from Matadi to the upriver steamers in Leopoldville.[11] By 1923, the city was elevated to capital of the Belgian Congo, replacing the town of Boma in the Congo estuary.[11] The town, nicknamed "Léo" or "Leopold", became a commercial centre and grew rapidly during the colonial period.
After gaining its independence on 30 June 1960, following riots in 1959, the Republic of the Congo elected its first prime minister, Patrice Lumumba. Lumumba's perceived pro-Soviet leanings were viewed as a threat by Western interests. This being the height of the Cold War, the U.S. and Belgium did not want to lose control of the strategic wealth of the Congo, in particular its uranium. Less than a year after Lumumba's election, the Belgians and the U.S. bought the support of his Congolese rivals and set in motion the events that culminated in Lumumba's assassination.[12] In 1964, Moïse Tshombe decreed the expulsion of all nationals of Republic of the Congo, Burundi and Mali, as well as all political refugees from Rwanda.[13][14][15][16] In 1965, with the help of the U.S. and Belgium, Joseph-Désiré Mobutu seized power in the Congo. He initiated a policy of "Authenticity," attempting to renativize the names of people and places in the country. In 1966, Léopoldville was renamed Kinshasa Wedding Photography, for a village named Kinshasa Wedding Photography that once stood near the site, today Kinshasa Wedding Photography (commune). The city grew rapidly under Mobutu, drawing people from across the country who came in search of their fortunes or to escape ethnic strife elsewhere, thus adding to the many ethnicities and languages already found there.
In 1991 the city had to fend off rioting soldiers, who were protesting the government's failure to pay them. Subsequently a rebel uprising began, which by 1997 had brought down the regime of Mobutu.[11] Kinshasa Wedding Photography suffered greatly from Mobutu's excesses, mass corruption, nepotism and the civil war that led to his downfall. Nevertheless, it is still a major cultural and intellectual center for Central Africa, with a flourishing community of musicians and artists. It is also the country's major industrial centre, processing many of the natural products brought from the interior.
Joseph Kabila, president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 2001 to 2019, was not overly popular in Kinshasa Wedding Photography.[17] Violence broke out following the announcement of Kabila's victory in the contested election of 2006; the European Union deployed troops (EUFOR RD Congo) to join the UN force in the city. The announcement in 2016 that a new election would be delayed two years led to large protests in September and December which involved barricades in the streets and left dozens of people dead. Schools and businesses were closed down.[18][19]
Geography
Down at the banks of the Congo River in Ngaliema commune
Kinshasa Wedding Photography is a city of sharp contrasts, with affluent residential and commercial areas and three universities alongside sprawling slums. It is located along the south bank of the Congo River, downstream on the Pool Malebo[20] and directly opposite the city of Brazzaville, capital of the Republic of the Congo. The Congo River is the second longest river in Africa after the Nile and has the continent's greatest discharge. As a waterway it provides a means of transport for much of the Congo Basin; it is navigable for river barges between Kinshasa Wedding Photography and Kisangani; many of its tributaries are also navigable. The river is an important source of hydroelectric power, and downstream from Kinshasa Wedding Photography it has the potential to generate power equivalent to the usage of roughly half of Africa's population.[21]
The older and wealthier part of the city (ville basse) is located on a flat area of alluvial sand and clay near the river, while many newer areas are found on the eroding red soil of surrounding hills.[2][17] Older parts of the city were laid out on a geometric pattern, with de facto racial segregation becoming de jure in 1929 as the European and African neighborhoods grew closer together. City plans of the 1920s–1950s featured a cordon sanitaire or buffer between the white and black neighborhoods, which included the central market as well as parks and gardens for Europeans.[22]
Urban planning in post-independence Kinshasa Wedding Photography has been limited. The Mission Française d'Urbanisme drew up some plans in the 1960s which envisioned a greater role for automobile transportation but did not predict the city's significant population growth. Thus much of the urban structure has developed without guidance from a master plan. According to UN-Habitat, the city is expanding by eight square kilometers per year. It describes many of the new neighborhoods as slums, built in unsafe conditions with inadequate infrastructure.[23] Nevertheless, spontaneously developed areas have in many cases extended the grid street plan of the original city.[20]
Administrative divisions
Main article: Communes of Kinshasa Wedding Photography
See also: Subdivisions of the DR Congo § Territorial organization
Kinshasa Wedding Photography is both a city (ville in French) and a province, one of the 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Nevertheless, it has city subdivisions and is divided into 24 communes (municipalities), which in turn are divided into 369 quarters and 21 embedded groupings.[24] Maluku, the rural commune to the east of the urban area, accounts for 79% of the 9.965 km2 (3.848 sq mi) total land area of the city-province,[6] with a population of 200,000–300,000.[20] The communes are grouped into four districts which are not in themselves administrative divisions.
Kinshasa Wedding Photography Districts Communes and Quarters (2021)
Funa District
Bandalungwa
Bumbu
Kalamu
Kasa-Vubu
Makala
Ngiri-Ngiri
Selembao
Lukunga District
Barumbu
Gombe
Kinshasa Wedding Photography
Kintambo
Lingwala
Mont Ngafula
Ngaliema
Mont Amba District
Kisenso
Lemba
Limete
Matete
Ngaba
Tshangu District
Kimbanseke
Maluku
Masina
Ndjili (N'Djili)
Nsele (N'Sele)
The 24 communes of Kinshasa Wedding Photography
Flag of Kinshasa Wedding Photography
Kinshasa Wedding Photography-communes.svgBrazzavilleCongo RiverPool MaleboNgaliema
BayGombeBarumbuKin.Ling.K.-V.Ng.-Ng.Kal.Banda-
lungwaKintamboNgaliemaSelembaoBumbuMakalaNgabaLembaLimeteMateteKisensoMasinaNdjiliKimbansekeNseleMont NgafulaNseleMaluku
Abbreviations : Kal. (Kalamu), Kin. (Kinshasa Wedding Photography), K.-V. (Kasa-Vubu), Ling. (Lingwala), Ng.-Ng. (Ngiri-Ngiri)
Climate
Under the Köppen climate classification, Kinshasa Wedding Photography has a tropical wet and dry climate (Aw). Its lengthy rainy season spans from October through May, with a relatively short dry season, between June and September. Kinshasa Wedding Photography lies south of the equator, so its dry season begins around its winter solstice, which is in June. This is in contrast to African cities further north featuring this climate where the dry season typically begins around December. Kinshasa Wedding Photography's dry season is slightly cooler than its wet season, though temperatures remain relatively constant throughout the year.
Climate data for Kinshasa Wedding Photography, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 36
(97) 36
(97) 38
(100) 37
(99) 37
(99) 37
(99) 32
(90) 33
(91) 35
(95) 35
(95) 37
(99) 34
(93) 38
(100)
Average high °C (°F) 30.6
(87.1) 31.3
(88.3) 32.0
(89.6) 32.0
(89.6) 31.1
(88.0) 28.8
(83.8) 27.3
(81.1) 28.9
(84.0) 30.6
(87.1) 31.1
(88.0) 30.6
(87.1) 30.1
(86.2) 30.4
(86.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.9
(78.6) 26.4
(79.5) 26.8
(80.2) 26.9
(80.4) 26.3
(79.3) 24.0
(75.2) 22.5
(72.5) 23.7
(74.7) 25.4
(77.7) 26.2
(79.2) 26.0
(78.8) 25.6
(78.1) 25.5
(77.9)
Average low °C (°F) 21.2
(70.2) 21.6
(70.9) 21.6
(70.9) 21.8
(71.2) 21.6
(70.9) 19.3
(66.7) 17.7
(63.9) 18.5
(65.3) 20.2
(68.4) 21.3
(70.3) 21.5
(70.7) 21.2
(70.2) 20.6
(69.1)
Record low °C (°F) 18
(64) 20
(68) 18
(64) 20
(68) 18
(64) 15
(59) 10
(50) 12
(54) 16
(61) 17
(63) 18
(64) 16
(61) 10
(50)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 163
(6.4) 165
(6.5) 221
(8.7) 238
(9.4) 142
(5.6) 9
(0.4) 5
(0.2) 2
(0.1) 49
(1.9) 98
(3.9) 247
(9.7) 143
(5.6) 1,482
(58.4)
Average precipitation days 12 12 14 17 12 1 0 1 6 10 16 14 115
Average relative humidity (%) 83 82 81 82 82 81 79 74 74 79 83 83 80
Mean monthly sunshine hours 136 141 164 153 164 144 133 155 138 149 135 127 1,739
Source 1: Climate-Data.org (temperature)[25] Weatherbase (extremes)[26]
Source 2: Danish Meteorological Institute (precipitation, sun, and humidity)[27]
Demographics
Kinshasa Wedding Photography in 2016
An official census conducted in 1984 counted 2.6 million residents.[28] Since then, all estimates are extrapolations. The estimates for 2005 fell in a range between 5.3 million and 7.3 million.[20] In 2017, the most recent population estimate for the city, it has a population of 11,855,000.[29]
According to UN-Habitat, 390,000 people immigrate to Kinshasa Wedding Photography annually, fleeing warfare and seeking economic opportunity.[30]
According to a projection (2016) the population of metropolitan Kinshasa Wedding Photography will increase significantly, to 35 million by 2050, 58 million by 2075 and 83 million by 2100,[31] making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world.
Language
The official language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, of which Kinshasa Wedding Photography is the capital, is French (See: Kinshasa Wedding Photography French vocabulary). Kinshasa Wedding Photography is the largest officially Francophone city in the world, albeit that the vast majority of people either cannot speak French, or struggle in speaking it. [32][33][34] although Lingala is widely used as a spoken language. French is the language of street signs, posters, newspapers, government documents, schools; it dominates plays, television, and the press, and it is used in vertical relationships among people of different social classes. People of the same class, however, speak the Congolese languages (Kikongo, Lingala, Tshiluba or Swahili) among themselves.[35]
Government and politics
Statue of Lumumba, and behind it the Limete Tower
The head of Kinshasa Wedding Photography ville-province has the title of Gouverneur. Gentiny Ngobila has been governor since 2019.[36] Each commune has its own Bourgmestre.[20]
Although political power in the DRC is fragmented, Kinshasa Wedding Photography as the national capital represents the official center of sovereignty, and thus of access to international organizations and financing, and of political powers such as the right to issue passports.[17] Kinshasa Wedding Photography is also the primate city of the DRC with a population several times larger than the next-largest city, Lubumbashi.[37][23]
The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, known by its French acronym MONUSCO (formerly MONUC) has its headquarters in Kinshasa Wedding Photography. In 2016, the UN placed more peacekeepers on active duty in Kinshasa Wedding Photography in response to the unrest directed against Kabila, at that time.[38] Critics, including recently[when?] the US ambassador to the UN,[39] have accused the peacekeeping mission of supporting a corrupt government.[40][41]
Other non-governmental organizations play significant roles in local governance.[42] The Belgian development agency (Coopération technique belge; CTB) since 2006 sponsors the Programme d’Appui aux Initiatives de Développement Communautaire (Paideco), a 6-million-euro program aimed at economic development. It began work in Kimbanseke, a hill commune with population verging on one million.[43]
Economy
Marsavco
Kinshasa Wedding Photography in 2013
Big manufacturing companies such as Marsavco S.A., All Pack Industries and Angel Cosmetics are located in the centre of town (Gombe) in Kinshasa Wedding Photography.
There are many other industries, such as Trust Merchant Bank, located in the heart of the city. Food processing is a major industry, and construction and other service industries also play a significant role in the economy.[44]
Although home to only 13% of the DRC's population, Kinshasa Wedding Photography accounts for 85% of the Congolese economy as measured by gross domestic product.[23] A 2004 investigation found 70% of inhabitants employed informally, 17% in the public sector, 9% in the formal private sector, and 3% other, of a total 976,000 workers. Most new jobs are classified as informal.[20]
The People's Republic of China has been heavily involved in the Congo since the 1970s, when they financed the construction of the Palais du Peuple and backed the government against rebels in the Shaba war. In 2007–2008 China and Congo signed an agreement for an $8.5 billion loan for infrastructure development.[45] Chinese entrepreneurs are gaining an increasing share of local marketplaces in Kinshasa Wedding Photography, displacing in the process formerly successful Congolese, West African, Indian, and Lebanese merchants.[46]
Mean household spending in 2005 was the equivalent of US$2,150, amounting to $1 per day per person. The median household spending was $1,555, 66 cents per person per day. Among the poor, more than half of this spending goes to food, especially bread and cereal.[20]