Marmoset Brain Imaging

Figure 5. No clear differences were observed between the normal marmoset brain (left) and the MPTP-treated marmoset brain (right) in the MRI T2 relaxation time weighted images taken at a magnetic field strength of 7T (MRI measurement/image creation: Masayuki Yamada).

No difference was also observed in the T2 relaxation time values ​​themselves. However, an increase in the T1 relaxation time value was observed in the striatum of the MPTP-treated marmoset brain compared to the MPTP-free brain. Furthermore, in both MRI voxel base analysis and diffusion tensor analysis, changes suggesting degeneration and loss of dopamine neurons were observed in the MPTP-treated marmoset brain compared to the MPTP-free brain.

References:

Ando K, Inoue T, Hikishima K, Komaki Y, Kawai K, Inoue R, Nishime C, Nishinaka E, Urano K, Okano H (2020) Measurement of baseline locomotion and other behavioral traits in a common marmoset model of Parkinson's disease established by a single administration regimen of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: providing reference data for efficacious preclinical evaluations. Behav Pharmacol 31:45-60.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964884/pdf/bpharm-31-45.pdf

Hikishima K, Ando K, Komaki Y, Kawai K, Yano R, Inoue T, Ito T, Yamada M, Momoshima S, Okano SJ, Okano H (2015) Voxel-based morphometry of the marmoset brain: in vivo detection of volume loss in the substantia nigra of the MPTP-treated Parkinson's disease model. Neuroscience 300:585–592.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26012491/

Hikishima K, Ando K, Yano R, Kawai K, Komaki Y, Inoue T, Itoh T, Yamada M, Momoshima S, Okano JS, Okano H (2015) Parkinson disease: diffusion MR imaging to detect nigrostriatal pathway loss in a marmoset model treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine. Radiology 275:430–437.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25602507/

Figure 7. Marmosets administered MPTP subcutaneously exhibit akinesia, one of the main symptoms of Parkinson's disease. This can be objectively and quantitatively measured as a decrease in locomotion by continuously measuring the locomotion or spontaneous motor activity of marmosets in individual cages over a long period of time. This index value and the specific binding ability of [11C]PE2I measured by PET in the marmoset brain showed a high correlation (r=0.97) in the striatum, especially in the putamen, as shown in the left figure. In addition, in the TH immunostaining of postmortem brains shown in the right figure, the decrease in locomotion during life was also highly correlated with the decrease in the immunostained area of ​​the entire striatum. The immunostained area was quantified using NIH Image J. This shows that there is a clear correlation between the results of in vivo and in vitro measurements of the brain and behavior.

References:

Ando K, Obayashi S, Nagai Y, Oh-Nishi A, Minamimoto T, Higuchi M, et al. PET analysis of dopaminergic neurodegeneration in relation to immobility in the MPTP-treated common marmoset, a model for Parkinson's disease. PLoS One. 2012;7:e46371.

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0046371

Ando K, Inoue T, Hikishima K, Komaki Y, Kawai K, Inoue R, Nishime C, Nishinaka E, Urano K, Okano H (2020) Measurement of baseline locomotion and other behavioral traits in a common marmoset model of Parkinson's disease established by a single administration regimen of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: providing reference data for efficacious preclinical evaluations. Behav Pharmacol 31:45-60.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964884/pdf/bpharm-31-45.pdf

Reference in Japanese:

Ando K (1918)  A common marmoset model of Parkinson's disease induced by administration of the neurotoxin MPTP – Preclinical evaluation using behavioral analysis – Obelisk Vol.23,1:14-22.

安東潔 (1918) 神経毒MPTP 投与によるコモンマーモセットのパーキンソン病モデル  – 行動解析による前臨床評価を中心として – オベリスク Vol.23,1:14-22.　https://researchmap.jp/read0179769/published_papers/19447809