El lenguaje de VM consta de 4 categorías de comandos, de los cuales, en el proyecto 7 nos enfocaremos en los 2 primeros. Se tiene como principal objetivo el desarrollar un traductor de VM básico que sea capaz de traducir programas de VM que incluyen comandos aritméticos, lógicos y de acceso a la memoria en lenguaje de máquina. Seguidamente, en el proyecto 8, se abordarán las otras categorías de lenguaje VM que lo harán estar completo. Finalmente, para cada proyecto, se designaron unos programas en lenguaje VM para probar la traducción de los mismos.

class Parser

attr_reader :current_command

def initialize(path_to_vm_file)

@vm_file = File.open(path_to_vm_file, "r")

end

def has_more_commands?

!@vm_file.eof?

end

def advance

@current_command = @vm_file.gets.gsub(/\/\.+|\n|\r/, "")

end

def [](index)

split_command[index]

end

def line_number

@vm_file.lineno

end

def file_name

File.basename(@vm_file.path, ".vm")

end

private

def split_command

@current_command.split

end

end

class CodeWriter

def initialize(path_to_asm_file, single_file)

@asm_file = File.open(path_to_asm_file, "w")

@function_count = 1

write_init if !single_file

end

def set_file_name(path_to_vm_file)

@parser = Parser.new(path_to_vm_file)

end

def write

while @parser.has_more_commands?

if !@parser.advance.empty?

translate

end

end

end

def translate

case @parser[0]

when "add","sub","eq","gt","lt","and","or","neg","not"

write_arithmetic

when "push"

write_push

when "pop"

write_pop

when "label"

write_label

when "goto","if-goto"

write_goto

when "call"

write_call

when "function"

write_function

when "return"

write_return

end

end

def write_arithmetic

case @parser[0]

when "add"

arithmetic(calc: "+")

when "sub"

arithmetic(calc: "-")

when "eq"

arithmetic(calc: "-", jump_type: "JEQ")

when "gt"

arithmetic(calc: "-", jump_type: "JGT")

when "lt"

arithmetic(calc: "-", jump_type: "JLT")

when "and"

arithmetic(calc: "&")

when "or"

arithmetic(calc: "|")

when "neg"

arithmetic(calc: "-", unary: true)

when "not"

arithmetic(calc: "!", unary: true)

end

end

def write_push

case @parser[1]

when "constant"

push_stack(constant:@parser[2])

when "static"

load_static

push_stack

else

load_memory

push_stack

end

end

def write_pop

pop_stack

if @parser[1] == "static"

load_static(pop: true)

else

write_file(string: "@13\nM=D")

load_memory(save_from_r13: true)

end

end

def write_label

write_file(string: "(#{@parser[1]})")

end

def write_goto

if @parser[0] == "if-goto"

pop_stack

jump = true

end

write_file(string: "@#{@parser[1]}")

write_file(string: "#{jump ? "D;JNE" : "0;JMP"}")

end

def write_function

write_file(string: "(#{@parser[1]})")

@parser[2].to_i.times do

write_file(string: "@0\nD=A")

push_stack

end

@function_name = @parser[1]

end

def write_call(init: false)

@argument_count = init ? 0 : @parser[2]

function_init

write_file(string: "@#{init ? "Sys.init" : @parser[1]}\n0;JMP")

write_file(string: "(RETURN#{@function_count - 1})", comment: "return address of #{init ? "Sys.init" : @parser[1]}")

end

def write_return

write_file(string: "@5\nD=A\n@LCL\nA=M-D\nD=M\n@15\nM=D")

pop_stack

write_file(string: "@ARG\nA=M\nM=D\nD=A+1\n@SP\nM=D")

["THAT", "THIS", "ARG", "LCL"].each do |register|

write_file(string: "@LCL\nAM=M-1\nD=M\n@#{register}\nM=D")

end

write_file(string: "@15\nA=M", comment: "going back to the return address of #{@parser[1]}")

write_file(string: "0;JMP")

end

def function_init

write_file(string: "@RETURN#{@function_count}\nD=A")

push_stack

["LCL", "ARG", "THIS", "THAT"].each do |register|

write_file(string: "@#{register}\nD=M")

push_stack

end

write_file(string: "@#{@argument_count.to_i + 5}\nD=A\n@SP\nD=M-D\n@ARG\nM=D\n@SP\nD=M\n@LCL\nM=D")

@function_count += 1

end

def load_static(pop: false)

write_file(string: "@#{@parser.file_name.upcase}.#{@parser[2]}")

write_file(string: "#{pop ? "M=D" : "D=M"}")

end

def load_memory(pop: false, save_from_r13: false)

symbol_hash = Hash["local", "LCL", "argument", "ARG", "this", "THIS", "that", "THAT",

"pointer", "THIS", "temp", "5"]

write_file(string: "@#{@parser[2]}")

write_file(string: "D=A")

write_file(string: "@#{symbol_hash[@parser[1]]}")

write_file(string: "#{(@parser[1] == "temp" || @parser[1] == "pointer") ? "AD=A+D" : "AD=M+D"}")

write_file(string: "#{save_from_r13 ? "@14\nM=D\n@13\nD=M\n@14\nA=M\nM=D" : "D=M"}")

end

def push_stack(constant: nil)

write_file(string: "@#{constant}\nD=A") if constant

write_file(string: "@SP\nA=M\nM=D\n@SP\nM=M+1")

end

def pop_stack(save_to_d: true)

write_file(string: "@SP\nM=M-1\nA=M#{save_to_d ? "\nD=M" : ""}")

end

def jump(jump_type)

write_file(string: "@TRUE_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "@")

write_file(string: "D; #{jump_type}\nD=0")

write_file(string: "@FALSE_NO_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "@")

write_file(string: "0;JMP")

write_file(string: "(TRUE_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "(")

write_file(string: "D=-1")

write_file(string: "(FALSE_NO_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "(")

end

def arithmetic(calc:, jump_type: nil, unary: false)

pop_stack

pop_stack(save_to_d: false) if !unary

write_file(string: "D=#{unary ? "" : "M"}#{calc}D")

jump(jump_type) if jump_type

push_stack

end

def write_init

write_file(string: "@256\nD=A\n@SP\nM=D")

write_call(init: true)

end

def close

@asm_file.close

end

private

def write_file(string:"", set_line_number: false, comment: "", set_file_name: false, label: "")

line_number = set_line_number ? @parser.line_number : ""

if !set_file_name

@asm_file.write("#{string}#{line_number}#{comment == "" ? "\n" : "//#{comment}\n"}")

elsif label == "@"

@asm_file.write("#{string}.#{@parser.file_name.upcase}.#{@parser.line_number}#{comment == "" ? "\n" : "//#{comment}\n"}")

else

@asm_file.write("#{string}.#{@parser.file_name.upcase}.#{@parser.line_number}#{comment == "" ? ")\n" : ")//#{comment}\n"}")

end

end

end

class VMTranslator

def initialize(path)

path = path[0...-1] if path[-1] == "/"

@vm_path = File.expand_path(path)

if path[-3..-1] == ".vm"

file_name = path.split("/")[-1][0..-4]

@asm_path = "#{@vm_path[0..-4]}.asm"

@single_file = true

else

@asm_path = "#{@vm_path}/#{@vm_path.split("/")[-1]}.asm"

@single_file = false

end

@writer = CodeWriter.new(@asm_path, @single_file)

end

def compile

@single_file ? translate(@vm_path) : translate_all

@writer.close

end

private

def translate(vm_path)

@writer.set_file_name(vm_path)

@writer.write

end

def translate_all

Dir["#{@vm_path}/*.vm"].each {|file| translate(file)}

end

end

if __FILE__ == $0

VMTranslator.new(ARGV[0]).compile

end

class Parser

attr_reader :current_command

def initialize(path_to_vm_file)

@vm_file = File.open(path_to_vm_file, "r")

end

def has_more_commands?

!@vm_file.eof?

end

def advance

@current_command = @vm_file.gets.gsub(/\/\.+|\n|\r/, "")

end

def [](index)

split_command[index]

end

def line_number

@vm_file.lineno

end

def file_name

File.basename(@vm_file.path, ".vm")

end

private

def split_command

@current_command.split

end

end

class CodeWriter

def initialize(path_to_asm_file, single_file)

@asm_file = File.open(path_to_asm_file, "w")

@function_count = 1

write_init if !single_file

end

def set_file_name(path_to_vm_file)

@parser = Parser.new(path_to_vm_file)

end

def write

while @parser.has_more_commands?

if !@parser.advance.empty?

translate

end

end

end

def translate

case @parser[0]

when "add","sub","eq","gt","lt","and","or","neg","not"

write_arithmetic

when "push"

write_push

when "pop"

write_pop

when "label"

write_label

when "goto","if-goto"

write_goto

when "call"

write_call

when "function"

write_function

when "return"

write_return

end

end

def write_arithmetic

case @parser[0]

when "add"

arithmetic(calc: "+")

when "sub"

arithmetic(calc: "-")

when "eq"

arithmetic(calc: "-", jump_type: "JEQ")

when "gt"

arithmetic(calc: "-", jump_type: "JGT")

when "lt"

arithmetic(calc: "-", jump_type: "JLT")

when "and"

arithmetic(calc: "&")

when "or"

arithmetic(calc: "|")

when "neg"

arithmetic(calc: "-", unary: true)

when "not"

arithmetic(calc: "!", unary: true)

end

end

def write_push

case @parser[1]

when "constant"

push_stack(constant:@parser[2])

when "static"

load_static

push_stack

else

load_memory

push_stack

end

end

def write_pop

pop_stack

if @parser[1] == "static"

load_static(pop: true)

else

write_file(string: "@13\nM=D")

load_memory(save_from_r13: true)

end

end

def write_label

write_file(string: "(#{@parser[1]})")

end

def write_goto

if @parser[0] == "if-goto"

pop_stack

jump = true

end

write_file(string: "@#{@parser[1]}")

write_file(string: "#{jump ? "D;JNE" : "0;JMP"}")

end

def write_function

write_file(string: "(#{@parser[1]})")

@parser[2].to_i.times do

write_file(string: "@0\nD=A")

push_stack

end

@function_name = @parser[1]

end

def write_call(init: false)

@argument_count = init ? 0 : @parser[2]

function_init

write_file(string: "@#{init ? "Sys.init" : @parser[1]}\n0;JMP")

write_file(string: "(RETURN#{@function_count - 1})", comment: "return address of #{init ? "Sys.init" : @parser[1]}")

end

def write_return

write_file(string: "@5\nD=A\n@LCL\nA=M-D\nD=M\n@15\nM=D")

pop_stack

write_file(string: "@ARG\nA=M\nM=D\nD=A+1\n@SP\nM=D")

["THAT", "THIS", "ARG", "LCL"].each do |register|

write_file(string: "@LCL\nAM=M-1\nD=M\n@#{register}\nM=D")

end

write_file(string: "@15\nA=M", comment: "going back to the return address of #{@parser[1]}")

write_file(string: "0;JMP")

end

def function_init

write_file(string: "@RETURN#{@function_count}\nD=A")

push_stack

["LCL", "ARG", "THIS", "THAT"].each do |register|

write_file(string: "@#{register}\nD=M")

push_stack

end

write_file(string: "@#{@argument_count.to_i + 5}\nD=A\n@SP\nD=M-D\n@ARG\nM=D\n@SP\nD=M\n@LCL\nM=D")

@function_count += 1

end

def load_static(pop: false)

write_file(string: "@#{@parser.file_name.upcase}.#{@parser[2]}")

write_file(string: "#{pop ? "M=D" : "D=M"}")

end

def load_memory(pop: false, save_from_r13: false)

symbol_hash = Hash["local", "LCL", "argument", "ARG", "this", "THIS", "that", "THAT",

"pointer", "THIS", "temp", "5"]

write_file(string: "@#{@parser[2]}")

write_file(string: "D=A")

write_file(string: "@#{symbol_hash[@parser[1]]}")

write_file(string: "#{(@parser[1] == "temp" || @parser[1] == "pointer") ? "AD=A+D" : "AD=M+D"}")

write_file(string: "#{save_from_r13 ? "@14\nM=D\n@13\nD=M\n@14\nA=M\nM=D" : "D=M"}")

end

def push_stack(constant: nil)

write_file(string: "@#{constant}\nD=A") if constant

write_file(string: "@SP\nA=M\nM=D\n@SP\nM=M+1")

end

def pop_stack(save_to_d: true)

write_file(string: "@SP\nM=M-1\nA=M#{save_to_d ? "\nD=M" : ""}")

end

def jump(jump_type)

write_file(string: "@TRUE_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "@")

write_file(string: "D; #{jump_type}\nD=0")

write_file(string: "@FALSE_NO_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "@")

write_file(string: "0;JMP")

write_file(string: "(TRUE_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "(")

write_file(string: "D=-1")

write_file(string: "(FALSE_NO_JUMP", set_file_name: true, label: "(")

end

def arithmetic(calc:, jump_type: nil, unary: false)

pop_stack

pop_stack(save_to_d: false) if !unary

write_file(string: "D=#{unary ? "" : "M"}#{calc}D")

jump(jump_type) if jump_type

push_stack

end

def write_init

write_file(string: "@256\nD=A\n@SP\nM=D")

write_call(init: true)

end

def close

@asm_file.close

end

private

def write_file(string:"", set_line_number: false, comment: "", set_file_name: false, label: "")

line_number = set_line_number ? @parser.line_number : ""

if !set_file_name

@asm_file.write("#{string}#{line_number}#{comment == "" ? "\n" : "//#{comment}\n"}")

elsif label == "@"

@asm_file.write("#{string}.#{@parser.file_name.upcase}.#{@parser.line_number}#{comment == "" ? "\n" : "//#{comment}\n"}")

else

@asm_file.write("#{string}.#{@parser.file_name.upcase}.#{@parser.line_number}#{comment == "" ? ")\n" : ")//#{comment}\n"}")

end

end

end

class VMTranslator

def initialize(path)

path = path[0...-1] if path[-1] == "/"

@vm_path = File.expand_path(path)

if path[-3..-1] == ".vm"

file_name = path.split("/")[-1][0..-4]

@asm_path = "#{@vm_path[0..-4]}.asm"

@single_file = true

else

@asm_path = "#{@vm_path}/#{@vm_path.split("/")[-1]}.asm"

@single_file = false

end

@writer = CodeWriter.new(@asm_path, @single_file)

end

def compile

@single_file ? translate(@vm_path) : translate_all

@writer.close

end

private

def translate(vm_path)

@writer.set_file_name(vm_path)

@writer.write

end

def translate_all

Dir["#{@vm_path}/*.vm"].each {|file| translate(file)}

end

end

if __FILE__ == $0

VMTranslator.new(ARGV[0]).compile

end

FibonacciElement

NestedCall

SimpleFunction

StaticsTest