A field of study used to develop material that is accessible to everyone. This process includes analyzing how students learn, what materials are needed, and what methods would best suit the course overall.
"Educational technology is the ethical study and application of theory, research, and practices to advance knowledge, improve learning and performance, and empower learners through strategic design, management, implementation, and evaluation of learning experiences and environments using appropriate processes and resources" (AECT, 2023).
To me, instructional design and technology is about understanding what learners need and using that to plan, design, and develop learning experiences. It’s about using technology in thoughtful ways to support and improve how people learn.
The pioneer of instructional design. Gagne worked with the U.S Army Air Corps during WWII. He purpose was to develop training programs for pilots and this led him to develop the Conditions of Learning. The Conditions of Learning are the 9 different things that must occur in order for anyone to be able to learn. This theory is a theory that has been used throughout the field of instructional design.
Skinner was psychologist and behaviorist known for his study on the behavior's of animals. Kinner invented the skinner box in which Skinner was able to observe the way the animal would react to differently to both positives and negatives reinforcement, punishing the student for the decrease inlikelihood behavior.
Robert Glaser was an educational psychologist known for his work in instructional design and the development of adaptive instruction. He focused on how people learn and helped shape the idea that instruction should be tailored to individual learners' needs, abilities, and progress. He also contributed to the understanding of expertise and performance in learning.