Welcome to the research hub of the Semiconductor Nanostructures and Devices Group at Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). Our collaborative team of physicists and materials scientists is dedicated to advancing the frontiers of low-dimensional materials. From fundamental epitaxial growth and structural characterization to the fabrication of cutting-edge devices, our research addresses global challenges in renewable energy, environmental sustainability, and advanced sensing technologies.
About Us ✍🏻
Our Core Research Pillars
1. Advanced Nanomaterials Synthesis & Characterization We specialize in the precise design, synthesis, and characterization of diverse semiconductor nanostructures using scalable and advanced methodologies, including molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), chemical bath deposition, microwave-assisted solvothermal processes, and hydrothermal methods.
Low-Dimensional Semiconductors: We grow high-quality III-V compound nanowires (such as InP and GaAs) and intricate metal oxide structures (like ZnO nanorods and TiO2).
Quantum Dots (QDs): Our team synthesizes varied QD systems, including PbS, GaSb/GaAs, and carbon/graphene quantum dots derived from both chemical precursors and biomass waste (like watermelon peels and Arabian dates) for unique optoelectronic and imaging applications.
2D Materials & Perovskites: We pioneer the development of 2D MXene sheets, transition metal phosphides (e.g., Ni2P), and lead-free double perovskites (like Cs2AgBiBr6) to push the boundaries of catalytic and optical performance.
2. Next-Generation Optoelectronics & Solar Energy We design highly efficient photovoltaic and optoelectronic architectures capable of operating under diverse lighting conditions, from direct sunlight to indoor local spectrums.
Organic & Hybrid Solar Cells: We develop inverted organic solar cells (using polymers like P3HT:PCBM), enhancing their power conversion efficiency through the incorporation of carbon quantum dots, plasmonic bimetallic nanoparticles, and modified hole-transporting layers (like V2Ox).
Photodetectors & Perovskite Photovoltaics: Our work includes fabricating low-dark-current organic photodetectors and exploring the bandgap engineering of thin-film CIGS and halide perovskite solar cells.
3. Innovative Sensor Technologies By leveraging the extraordinary surface-to-volume ratios and tunable bandgaps of our nanomaterials, we fabricate highly responsive and selective sensors for industrial, environmental, and medical use.
Gas & Chemical Sensors: We engineer room-temperature optical sensors—such as palladium-coated tapered optical fibers—for sensitive hydrogen gas detection, alongside ZnO and graphene-polyaniline composites for ethanol, ammonia, and CO sensing.
Environmental & Humidity Sensors: Our researchers utilize thermally evaporated organic molecules (like dicarbocyanine dyes and vanadium-based phthalocyanines) to create highly accurate humidity sensors. We also develop L-cysteine grafted fiber-optic sensors and ZIF-8 metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for the trace-level detection and removal of heavy metals from water.
4. Energy Harvesting, Storage & Environmental Remediation Our group provides sustainable solutions to power small-scale electronics and remediate toxic industrial waste.
Self-Powered Nanogenerators: We harvest ambient mechanical energy by fabricating piezoelectric and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) using controlled growth of ZnO nanorod arrays and PVDF composites.
Energy Storage: We develop flexible solid-state supercapacitors utilizing materials like sodium cholate-reduced graphene oxide, manganese dioxide nanowires, and carbon nanotubes.
Photocatalysis & Water Treatment: We employ nanocomposites for highly efficient UV and sunlight-driven photodegradation of toxic pollutants. Recent breakthroughs include using MXene-anchored nanostructured nickel phosphide (Ni2P/MXene) for the rapid degradation of Reactive Black-5 dye, and utilizing g-C3N4/TiO2/CQD composites for robust environmental remediation. We also focus on scalable hydrogen water splitting using optimized electrocatalysts.
Funded Projects
Our research is generously supported by national and international funding bodies, reflecting the high impact and feasibility of our work:
Optimizing Nickel-Copper-Based Electrocatalysts For Scalable Hydrogen Water Splitting (Funded by Geran Putra Berimpak - GPB).
Enhancing Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) Performance through Surface Modification with Polymer-Encapsulated Zinc Oxide Nanowires (Funded by FRGS).
Bandgap Engineering of Lead-Free Double Perovskite by Organic Cation Substitutions via Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Method for Photovoltaic Application.
Role of Cadmium Selenide-Coated Carbon Quantum Dots in Photoactive Layer of Indoor Organic Photovoltaics (Funded by FRGS).
Metal Organic Framework ZIF-8 Membrane Formation for Heavy Metal Removal in Wastewater Treatment (International Matching Grant).
Recent Research Breakthroughs
Explore some of our latest high-impact publications driving the field forward:
MXene anchored nanostructured nickel phosphide as an efficient photocatalyst for the UV assisted photodegradation of reactive black-5 dye — Surfaces and Interfaces, 2026.
Solvent-dependent photoluminescence emission and colloidal stability of carbon quantum dots from watermelon peels — Journal of Fluorescence, 2025.
Edge-on orientation of thermally evaporated metal phthalocyanines thin films for humidity sensing application — 2024.
Controlled Growth of Semiconducting ZnO Nanorods for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting-Based Nanogenerators — Nanomaterials, 2023.
Synthesis of cesium silver bismuth bromide double perovskite nanoparticles via a microwave-assisted solvothermal method — Materials Today Chemistry, 2023.
Photovoltaic performance improvement of inverted type organic solar cell by co-introducing isopropanol and carbon quantum dots in photoactive layer — J. Mater Sci: Mater Electron, 2023.
1. Semiconductor Nanomaterial Synthesis We employ diverse synthesis techniques to grow high-quality nanostructures. Our materials portfolio includes:
III-V and metal oxide nanowires (e.g., InP, ZnO).
Core-shell and carbon quantum dots.
Cesium-based perovskite nanoparticles.
2D MXene sheets and transition metal phosphides.
2. Optoelectronics and Solar Energy Our group actively develops advanced photovoltaic platforms to improve outdoor and indoor power conversion efficiencies. Key areas include inverted organic solar cells incorporated with quantum dots, CIGS thin-film solar cells, and highly responsive organic photodiode architectures.
3. Sensor Technologies By leveraging the unique optical and electrical properties of nanostructures, we engineer next-generation sensors. This includes dicarbocyanine-based organic humidity sensors, L-cysteine grafted fiber-optic chemosensors for heavy metal detection, and palladium/graphene oxide-coated optical fibers for room-temperature hydrogen gas sensing.
4. Energy Harvesting & Environmental Remediation We are pioneering functional materials for energy scavenging, storage, and wastewater treatment. Projects include self-powered piezoelectric nanogenerators using zinc oxide nanorods, supercapacitors, and the development of 2D Ni2P/MXene nano-hybrids that serve as efficient photogenerated electron reservoirs to rapidly degrade toxic organic pollutants like Reactive Black-5 dye.
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