Stephen PalmisanoAssociate Professor of PsychologyUniversity of Wollongong, Australia
Abstract: Existing theories of motion sickness often have considerable difficulty predicting cybersickness experienced with head-mounted displays (HMDs). In this talk, I outline a new, empirically-derived approach for studying and understanding cybersickness during HMD VR [1]. In this situation, when the user moves their head, their virtual head tends to trail its true position and orientation in space and time (due to display lag). These differences in virtual and physical head pose (DVP) will vary throughout the movement. Based on our laboratory findings, we propose that cybersickness in HMD VR is triggered by large magnitude, time-varying patterns of DVP. We have tested this DVP hypothesis by: i) systematically manipulating display lag magnitudes and head movement speeds across a range of HMD VR conditions; and ii) comparing the user’s DVP to their ratings of cybersickness in each condition (see [1] and [2]). Our DVP hypothesis appears to offer significant advantages over many existing (general) theories of motion sickness. Instead of speculating about the presence, or degree, of sensory conflict, DVP can be used to directly estimate this conflict during active HMD VR. This DVP is an objective measure of the stimulation, rather than an internal model of the user’s sensory processing. Thus, approaches based on DVP should allow researchers and VR developers to determine exactly which situations will (and will not) be provocative for cybersickness in HMD VR.
Bio: Stephen Palmisano is an Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of Wollongong. His interest in visual simulation, illusions of self-motion (vection) and motion sickness began in 1992, when he completed his undergraduate Honours thesis on “The perception of self-motion in central and peripheral vision”. He subsequently completed his PhD on “Perceiving self-motion in depth” at the University of New South Wales under Professor Barbara Gillam. After working as a post-doctoral fellow with Professor Ian P Howard on vection and stereopsis at York University in Canada, he returned to Australia in 2000 to build his own Perception and Action Laboratory (PAL). Stephen’s research disproves several common assumptions about self-motion perception, reveals the importance of previously overlooked visual consequences of self-motion, and has produced new physiological measures of vection (based on eye-movements, postural activity, EEG and fMRI). More recently, his research has focused on user experiences of vection, presence and motion sickness during HMD VR. While modern HMDs provide many new and exciting opportunities, cybersickness remains a major hurdle to the success of this technology. Stephen is therefore interested in identifying the most provocative conditions for this cybersickness and the users who are most likely to suffer from it.