SECTION #9 of 9

    CROSSING OVER 

              THE KAPEMNI SKY-EARTH SPACETIME BRIDGE...   

Nine (3x3) Final Points

• Kapemni involves the twisting and turning shape that also reflects and mirrors the above with the below.  Since there are 9 sections in this kapemni website, how should this final section 9 reflect the first section 1 and vice versa?  Indigenous and Global Cosmic Perspectives of SpaceTime:      Beginning(s) = ? = Ending(s)     Head = ? = Tail        Above/Upper   -   In Between   -    Below/Lower

• Also the REMA snake mound was designed with a head and 8 tail sections for a total of 9 sections.  So should this section 9 be more like the head or a tail? or 8 tails? 8 knots?

• The REMA snake represents one year of spacetime (=364 wichishpa cubits), and the umbilical cord is mirrored in the tipi rope and the REMA snake mound, as well as the knotted llama fiber strings called KHIPU.   Khipu fibers are made by twisting and turning as a drop spindle falls clockwise or counter-clockwise...like KAPEMNI & circling tipi poles.

Recall how the sun moves counter-clockwise through the annual zodiac constellations each moon by moon, but the spring equinox position of the sun slowly moves clockwise.  

• Somewhat to very finally, the second law of thermodynamics refers to the process of Entropy, and the increase of Disorder over time as the Universe runs its course or destiny.  

• Whether by Indigenous Peoples of this Turtle Island hemisphere or beyond, the Sky, the Earth and the Underworld were common threefold divisions of a Unity, perhaps as the Moon and/or Sun appearing to move over and below the horizon.  Yet the Lunar aspect has the 3 or 4 (or 8) phases to consider as New, Waxing, Full and Waning.  But the Greeks, Romans and Europeans had many DESTINY stories to accept the inevitability of the natural order of things.   The Greeks had the 3 Sister Fates***see image (Moirai or the Roman Parcae), who were the personification of destiny as the Spinner, the Alotter/Portioner and the Inevitable.  They recorded the metaphorical, (lunar?)thread of life from birth to death phases.  The thread was spun from her distaff onto her spindle, it was measured by a rod and then cut...first breath to last.   The Nordic Norns also spun the threads at the foot of the tree called Yggdrasil, the Milky Way Tree encircled by a Serpent.  The Egyptians had Maat and her feather of Truth weighed against the deceased's heart as the Milky Way Mother Nut's son Osiris(Greek Orion) watched the process.  42 questions were asked.   Many cultures had this concept of a Feminine Trio, including the Celtic spiral symbol, perhaps also as past, present and future.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moirai     See also https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Goddess_(Neopaganism)

• Symbols of the Fates included thread, spindle, dove and scissors.     Remember Sec. 1 Kapemni definition using a scissors on a string?!

• So from birth to death, it seems we are allowed only so many spins/days in this Astro Ballgame, to learn all we can about the Origin, Dimensions, Dynamic and Composition of the Cosmic Ballcourt into which we enter and exit with or without a scripted plan.

• Is this Great Mystery of a Universe or Multiverse a personal or impersonal place?  It is interesting to think that each human on Earth now, would be apportioned around 50 stars each in our own home galaxy.   And from 50 years ago (1975) we heard "When you wish upon a star, your dreams will take you very far"  to "You're a shining star no matter who you are...shining star for you to see, what your life can truly be" - Earth, Wind & Fire https://genius.com/Earth-wind-and-fire-shining-star-lyrics

• Also in 1975, Benedykt Benoit Mandelbrot (1924 - 2010) coined the term "FRACTAL"****see image, and in 1980 he determined the mathematical, iterative relationship of a repetitive pattern from the micro to the macro natural realms, called the Mandelbrot Set.    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal       Fractal Math involves "complex" numbers which are a combination of "real" with "imaginary" numbers.  Imaginary numbers use the square root of negative one  (i^2 = -1).    See     https://thisvsthat.io/imaginary-numbers-vs-real-numbers             A sparkling FRACTAL or a SHINING STAR... FOR YOU TO SEE, WHAT YOUR LIFE CAN TRULY BE!    What Great Mystery will you learn about the Cosmos?

208 Bone-Like Books from Rock's course syllabus

Texts: (2-3 Required of 4 below*, 14-22 Highly Recommended** and 70+ Others)

…Texts are like Tipi Poles and Starry Bones:  3 + 12 = 15…+2 = 17…+ substitute poles?…more tipis?

Choices for your star story/sacred site project…then combined in class presentations

2 Required* of 4 Possible Texts…from 105 recommended lifetime reading!

*Lee, A., Rock, J. & O’Rourke, C. (2014).   D(L)akota Star Map Constellation Guidebook:  An Introduction to D(L)akota Star Knowledge  [Abbreviated as LRO] 

*Lee, A., Wilson, W. & Gawboy, C. (2014).  Ojibwe Sky Star Map - Constellation Guidebook: An Introduction to Ojibwe Star Knowledge  [Abbreviated as LWG]

**Brehm, Victoria. (2011).   Star Songs and Water Spirits: A Great Lakes Native Reader Ladyslipper Press.  Tustin, Mich.

**Brown, Joseph Epes (1992). Animals Of The Soul: Sacred Animals Of The Oglala Sioux. Element, Inc.

14+ ->22 **Highly Recommended Chapters/Articles/Texts of 103 = 14-21%

Aveni, Anthony. (1997/1998). Stairways To The Stars: Skywatching In Three Great Ancient Cultures. Wiley & Sons. 

Bassie-Sweet, Karen (2008) Maya Sacred Geography And The Creator Deities. University of Oklahoma Press.

Bennett, Donahue, Schneider & Voit (2008 or newer).  The Cosmic Perspective, 5th edition. Pearson/Addison & Wesley. (See 5 themes & foreword statement below)

5 Themes of Cosmic Perspective:

• We are part of the universe and thus can learn about our origins by studying the universe.

• The universe is comprehensible through scientific principles that anyone can understand.

• Science is not a body of facts but rather a process through which we seek to understand the world around us.

• A course in astronomy is the beginning of a lifelong learning experience.

Astronomy affects each of us personally with the new perspectives it offers.

From the Foreword by Dr. Neil DeGrasse Tyson:

• The cosmic perspective comes from the frontiers of science, yet it is not solely the provenance of the scientist.  It belongs to everyone.

• The cosmic perspective is humble.

• The cosmic perspective is spiritual – even redemptive – but is not religious.

• The cosmic perspective enables us to grasp, in the same thought, the large and the small.

• The cosmic perspective opens our minds to extraordinary ideas but does not leave them so open that our brains spill out, making us susceptible to believing anything we’re told.

• The cosmic perspective opens our eyes to the universe, not as a benevolent cradle designed to nurture life but as a cold, lonely, hazardous place.

• The cosmic perspective shows earth to be a mote, but a precious mote, and, for the moment, the only home we have.

• The cosmic perspective finds beauty in the images of planets, moons, stars and nebulae but also celebrates the laws of physics that shape them.

• The cosmic perspective enables us to see beyond our circumstances, allowing us to transcend the primal search for food, shelter and sex.

• The cosmic perspective reminds us that in space, where there is no air, a flag will not wave – an indication that perhaps flag waving and space exploration do not mix.

• The cosmic perspective not only embraces our genetic kinship with all life on Earth but also values our chemical kinship with any yet-to-be discovered life in the universe, as well as our atomic kinship with the universe itself.

Birmingham, Robert A. (2010).  Spirits Of Earth: The Effigy Mound Landscape Of Madison And The Four Lakes. University Of Wisconsin Press.

*/**Brehm, Victoria.  (2011).   Star Songs and Water Spirits: A Great Lakes Native Reader Ladyslipper Press.  Tustin, Mich.

*/**Brown, Joseph Epes (1992). Animals Of The Soul: Sacred Animals Of The Oglala Sioux.Element, Inc.

Cajete, Gregory (1994). Look To The Mountain: An Ecology Of Indigenous Education.  Especially Ch. 2 pp.33-41. Kivaki Press.

Cajete, Gregory (1999). Igniting The Sparkle: An Indigenous Science Education Model. Kivaki Press.

Cajete, Gregory (2000). Native Science: Natural Laws Of Interdependence. Especially chapters 7, 5 & 2. Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, NM.

Deloria Jr., V. and Wildcat, D. (2001).  Power and Place: Indian Education in America, Ch. 3 “Power and Place Equal Personality” and Ch.7 Traditional Technology. Fulcrum Resources. pp.21-28.

Deloria Jr., V. (2016).  C.G. Jung and the Sioux Traditions: Dreams, Visions, Nature and the Primitive.   Ch. 4 The Jungian Universe; Ch. 5 The Sioux Universe.

De Santillana, G. and von Dechend, H.  (1969/1992).  Hamlet’s Mill:  An Essay Investigating the Origins of Human Knowledge and its Transmission Through Myth.   

See on-line book and read Jenkins essay on Hamlet’s Mill at: http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/hamlets_mill/hamletmill_commentary.htm and http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/hamlets_mill/hamletmill.htm

Fabian, Stephen.  (2001). Patterns In The Sky: An Introduction to Ethnoastronomy. Waveland Press.

Goodman, R. (1992).  Lakota Star Knowledge: Studies In Lakota Stellar Theology. Sinte Gleska Univ. 

Kidwell, Clara Sue (2003). Ethnoastronomy As The Key To Human Intellectual Development And Social Organization.  Chapter in Native Voices: American Indian Identity &

Resistance. Edited by Richard Grounds, George Tinker & David Wilkins. (2003) Univ. Press of Kansas.

Malville, J. McKim. (2008).  Guide To Prehistoric Astronomy in the Southwest.  Johnson Books.www.bigearthpublishing.com  

Mann, Barbara Alice (2010, 2003). Native Americans, Archaeologists, & The Mounds. Peter Lang Publishing.

Maryboy, N. and Begay, D. (2005/2008). Sharing The Skies: Navajo Astronomy – A Cross Cultural View. Indigenous Education Institute.  Bluff, UT  act@indigenouseducation.org  www.sharingthe skies.com 

Matamua, Rangi (2017).  Matariki: The Star Of The Year. Huia Publishers. Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand.

McCoy, T., Ironstrack, G., Baldwin, D., Strack, A., Olm, W., Shoemaker, S & Olds, J. (2011).

Asiihkiwi Neehi Kiisikwi Myaamionki (Earth and Sky: The Place of the Myaamiaki.

Miami Tribe of Oklahoma. http://www.myaamiaproject.org/earthandsky/

http://www.myaamiaproject.org/earthandsky/documents/curriculum/EarthSky_Section3web.pdf

Merriot, Ivy (2014).  Exploratory Research Of The Big Horn Medicine Wheel: An Indigenous Place-Based Pedagogical Instrument For Learning Sky-Earth Relationships, Skywatching Fundamentals And Celestial Mechanics. Montana State University, Bozeman.

Milbrath, Susan. (1999).  Star Gods Of The Maya: Astronomy in Art, Folklore and Calendars.

Univ. of Texas Press, Austin.   http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/milsta.html

Simms, Thomas. (1987). Otokahekagapi  (First Beginnings: Sioux Creation Story).  Tipi Press. 34 pp.

81 Other Articles/Chapters/Texts/Possible Research Project Sources of 105 = 76%:

Aveni, Anthony (2000). Between The Lines: The Mystery Of The Giant Ground Drawings Of Ancient Nasca, Peru. Univ of Texas Press, Austin.

Aveni, Anthony. Editor (1977).  Native American Astronomy.  Univ. of Texas Press. 263 pp.

Aveni, Anthony. (1984, June).  Native American Astronomy.   Physics Today. pp. 24-32.

Aveni, Anthony.  (2001, April).  Other Stars Than Ours:  Aztec Astronomers Had Their Own Reasons For Sky Watching.  Natural History. pp.66 – 72.

Barnouw, Victor (1977). Wisconsin Chippewa Myths & Tales and their relation to Chippewa life. Univ. of Wisc. Press.

Bergervoet, Michael (2013). Lodges Of Time & Space: An Initial Analysis Of Beehive-shaped Stone Cairns In The Red Wing, Minnesota Locality. Dissertation Proposal.

Department of Geography. University of Kansas.

Bol, Marsha.  Editor.  (1998).  Stars Above Earth Below: American Indians and Nature. Carnegie Museum of Natural History. Roberts Rinehart Publishers. 

Bricker, Harvey M. & Victoria R. Bricker (2011).  Astronomy In The Maya Codices. American Philosophical Society.

Brine, Lindesey (1996, 1894).  The Ancient Earthworks And Temples Of The American Indians. Oracle Publishing Ltd. Hertfordshire, England.  Esp. Ch. VI, VII and VIII.

Campbell, J. (1986).  The Inner Reaches Of Outer Space: Metaphor as Myth and as Religion. Alfred van der Mark

Cornelius, Carol (1999).  Iroquois Corn In A Culture-Based Curriculum: A Framework For Respectfully Teaching About Cultures.   State University Of New York.

Deimel, Claus & Elke Ruhnau (2000). Jaguar And Serpent: The Cosmos Of Indians In Mexico, Central And South America.  Niedersachsisches Landesmuseum, Hanover, Germany

DesJarlait, R. and Buffalohead, P. (1980s-90s?).  American Indian Astronomy. Teacher Guide, Teacher Information and Student Activities.  Anoka-Hennepin Indep. District

No. 11. Indian Education Program.  30 pp.

Dietrich, Thomas Karl.  (2011).  The Culture Of Astronomy:  Origin Of Number, Geometry, Law, Science and Religion.  Bascom Hill Publishing.  447 pp.

Douville, Victor.  (2005). Lakota Astronomy And Its Application To The Emergence-Genesis Of The Oceti Sakowin In The Black Hills (He Sapa).  Sinte Gleska Univ.  23 pp.

Dunbar Ortiz, Roxanne (2014). An Indigenous Peoples’ History Of The United States.  Beacon Press, Boston.

Ehlert, Lois (1992). Moon Rope: Un Lazo a la Luna.  Una Leyenda Peruana. Voyager Books – Harcourt, Inc.

Fewkes, Jesse Walter (1991).  Hopi Snake Ceremonies. Selections From Bureau of American Ethnology Reports Nos. 16 and 19 for 1894-95 and 1897-98. Avanyu Publishing

Inc. Albuquerque.

Fideler, David.  (1993). Jesus Christ: Sun Of God – Ancient Cosmology and Early Christian Symbolism. Quest Books.  314 pp.

Fikes, Jay C. (1996).  Reuben Snake: Your Humble Serpent – Indian Visionary and Activist. Clear Light Publishers.  Santa Fe.

Flintoff, Brian (2004).  Taonga Puuoro Singing Treasures: The Musical Instruments Of The Maori. Craig Potton Publishing. Nelson, New Zealand.

Forrest, Earle R. (1961). The Snake Dance Of The Hopi Indians. Westernlore Press.

Fourstar, Jerome & Richard Blue Talk. (2003).  How The Morning and Evening Stars Came To Be and Other Assiniboine Indian Stories.  Montana Historical Society Press.  

37 pp. http://www.montanahistoricalsociety.org/pub/press/alphabeticalcatalog.asp

Gawboy, Carl & Ron Morton (2014). Talking Sky: Ojibwe Constellations As A Reflection Of Life On The Land. Rockflower Press.

Gibson, Karen Bush (2014).  Women In Space: 23 Stories Of First Flights, Scientific Missions, And Gravity-Breaking Adventures. Chicago Review Press Inc.

Gifford, Douglas (1983).  Warriors, Gods & Spirits from Central & South American Mythology. Peter Lowe Pub

Hall, Robert (1997).  An Archaeology Of The Soul: North American Indian Belief And Ritual. University of Illinois.

Jenkins, John Major.  (2009). The 2012 Story: The Myths, Fallacies and Truth Behind The Most Intriguing Date in History. Penguin Books. 

Jenkins, John Major.  (1998).  Maya Cosmogenesis 2012.  Bear & Company  Rochester, VT. 

Jung, C.G. (1959/1973).  Mandala Symbolism. Translation by R.F.C.Hull. Bollingen Series. Princeton University Press.

Jung, C.G. (1953/1968).  Psychology and Alchemy. Bollingen Series. Princeton University Press.

Jung, C.G. (1960/1973). Synchronicity: An Acausal Connecting Principle. Bollingen Series. Princeton University Press.

Kavasch, E. Barrie (2004). The Mound Builders Of Ancient North America: 4000 Years Of American Indian Art, Science, Engineering, & Spirituality Reflected In Majestic

Earthworks & Artifacts. iUniverse Inc. Lincoln, Nebraska.

Kidger, Mark.  (1999).  The Star Of Bethlehem: An Astronomer’s View.  Princeton Univ. Press. Ch. 10, pp. 247-266.

Krupp, E. C. (1997). Skywatchers, Shamans & Kings: Astronomy and the Archaeology of Power. Wiley & Sons.   

Krupp, E.C. (1983). Echoes of the Ancient Skies: The Astronomy of Lost Civilizations. New American Library.

Lemesurier, Peter. (1977).  Gospel Of The Stars:  A Celebration Of The Mystery Of The Zodiac. St. Martin’s Press.

Love, Bruce (1994). The Paris Codex: Handbook For A Maya Priest. Univ. of Texas Press.

Low, Sam (2013/2016). Hawaiki Rising: Hokule’a, Nainoa Thompson, And The Hawaiian Renaissance.  Island Heritage Publishing. Waipahu, Hawai’i

MacDonald, John.  (1998/2000).  The Arctic Sky: Inuit Astronomy, Star Lore and Legend. Royal Ontario Museum/Nunavut Research Institute.

Mathews, John Joseph (1961) The Osages: Children Of The Middle Waters. Univ. of Okla. Press.

McLaren, Peter (2015).  Pedagogy of Insurrection: From Resurrection to Revolution.

McLeary, Timothy P. (1997).  The Stars We Know: Crow Indian Astronomy and Lifeways. Little Big Horse College.  Waveland Press. 

Mendieta, Ramiro Matos and Jose Barreiro, editors (2015). The Great Inka Road: Engineering An Empire. National Museum of the American Indian in association with

Smithsonian Books.

Miller, Arthur I. (2009).  Deciphering The Cosmic Number: The Strange Friendship Of Wolfgang Pauli And Carl Jung.  W.W. Norton.  New York.

Monroe, Jean Guard & Ray A. Williamson.  (1987).  They Dance In The Sky: Native American Star Myths.  Houghton Mifflin. 

Moroney, Lynn.  (2011).  Montana Skies: Blackfeet Astronomy.  Montana Office of Public Instruction.

http://opi.mt.gov/pdf/IndianEd/Search/Science/G3_6Star_Stories_blackfeet.pdf

Moroney, Lynn.  (2011).  Montana Skies: Crow Astronomy. Montana Office of Public Instruction.

http://www.opi.mt.gov/pdf/IndianEd/Search/Science/G3_6Star_stories_crow.pdf 

Morton, R.  & Gawboy, C. (1999/2000/2003).  Talking Rocks: Geology and 10,000 Years of Native American Tradition in the Lake Superior Region.  Univ. of Minn. 

Narby, Jeremy (1998). The Cosmic Serpent: DNA And The Origins Of Knowledge.  Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam [A member of Penguin Putnam Inc. New York].

Nelson, Richard & Sharon (1996/2007).  Easy Field Guide To Southwestern Snakes.  American Traveler Press. Primer Publishers. Phoenix

Norton, O. Richard (1998, 1994). Rocks From Space. Mountain Press Publishing Co. Missoula.

Oneroad, Amos & Alanson Skinner (2003).  Being Dakota: Tales & Traditions Of The Sisseton & Wahpeton. Minn. Historical Society Press.

Panek, Richard (2004).  The Invisible Century: Einstein, Freud, And The Search For Hidden Universes. Penguin Books

Pauketat, Timothy & Thomas Emerson (1997). Cahokia: Domination and Ideology in the Mississippian World.  Univ of Nebraska, Bison Books.

Patterson, Alex (1992). A Field Guide To Rock Art Symbols Of The Greater Southwest. Johnson Printing Co. Boulder, Colo.

Peat, F. David. (2002). Blackfoot Physics: A Journey Into The Native American Universe.    Alexandria Books. 

Rhoads, Samuel E. (2000/1997/1993).  The Sky Tonight: A Guided Tour of the Stars Over Hawai’i.  3rd ed.  Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu.

Rock, James. (1997).  (MS)2: MultiSensory/Multicultural Science and Math Synesthesia: Thinkin’ Inkan and Applyin’ Mayan as a Mni Sota Dakota. Hamline University. V.1, 320 pp.; V.2, 383 pp.

Saint-Onge, Sr., Rex and Johnson, John R. & Talaugon, Joseph R. (2009).   Archaeoastronomical Implications of a Northern Chumash Arborglyph.  Malki Press.

Slifer, Dennis (2005/2013). Rock Art Images Of Northern New Mexico.  High Desert Field Guides. highdesertfieldguides.com Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Slifer, Dennis (2000). The Serpent And The Sacred Fire: Fertility Images In Southwest Rock Art Museum of New Mexico Press, Santa Fe.

Smith, David Lee. (1997)   Folklore Of The Winnebago Tribe. Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman.

Staller, John E. & Brian Stross (2013).  Lightning In The Andes And Mesoamerica: Pre-Columbian, Colonial, And Contemporary Perspectives. Oxford University Press.

Strickland, Carol (2001). The Annotated Arch: A Crash Course In The History Of Architecture. Andrews McMeel Publishing.  Kansas City.

Sullivan, Wm. (1997).  The Secret Of The Incas: Myth, Astronomy and the War Against Time.Three Rivers Press. 

Taube, Karl (1993). Aztec And Maya Myths. Univ. Of Texas Press.

Taylor, Ken (2012). Celestial Geometry: Understanding the Astronomical Meanings of Ancient Sites.  Watkins Publishing. London.

Tigerman, Kathleen, ed. (2006). Wisconsin Indian Literature: Anthology Of Native Voices. Univ.. of Wisc. Press.

Ulansey, David. (1989).  The Origins Of The Mithraic Mysteries:  Cosmology & Salvation in the Ancient World.  Oxford Univ. Press. 

Univ. of Calif./NASA  (2006). U Uuchbenil Le K’ino’/Tradiciones del Sol/Traditions of the Sun. NASA Sun-Earth Connection Education Forum. 

Urton, Gary. (1981/1988).  At The Crossroads Of Earth and Sky:  An Andean Cosmology. Univ. of Texas Press. 

Urton, Gary. (1999).  Inca Myths: The Legendary Past.  Univ. of Texas/Trustees of the British Museum. 

Vella, Matt (editor) (2017). Star Wars: 40 Years Of The Force. Special TIME edition.

Wallis, Wilson D. (1999).  Beliefs And Tales Of The Canadian Dakota. Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe. Prairie Smoke Press. St. Paul

Warman, Arturo (1989).  Maize As An Organizing Principle: How Corn Shaped Space, Time, And Relationships In The New World. Indian Corn Of The Americas, ed. Jose Barreiro: 20.

Wassegijig Price, Michael.  (2002, Summer).  Anishinaabe Star Knowledge.  Winds Of Change Journal pp. 52-56. AISES.

Westerman, G. and Bruce White. (2012).  Mni Sota Makoce: The Land Of The Dakota.  Minn. Historical Society Press.  www.mhspress.org

Wilson, Roy I. (2000, 1994). Medicine Wheels: Ancient Teachings For Modern Times. The Crossroad Publishing Co. New York.

Wright, John C. (1996). The Crooked Tree: Indian Legends Of Northern Michigan.  Thunder Bay Press.

White Hat Jr., Albert.  (2012).  Life’s Journey – Zuya: Oral Teachings From Rosebud. Univ. of Utah Press. 

Will, George & George Hyde (1964, 1917).  Corn Among The Indians Of The Upper Missouri. University of Nebraska Press.

Wilson, Diane. (2011). Beloved Child: A Dakota Way Of Life.  Borealis Books. www.mhspress.org