Embedded Files
May 23th, 2025.
Topic: Practices of problem solution and critical review essay
Summary on the topic
The problem solution essay is a type of argumentative text in which a problematic situation is identified and one or more solutions are proposed to solve it. This type of essay aims to analyze a specific difficulty, explain its causes and consequences, and then present proposals that can eliminate the problem. It is structured in four parts: an introduction where the problem is raised, a development that delves into its aspects and effects, a section in which possible solutions are presented, and a conclusion that summarizes the main ideas and reinforces the most effective proposal.
A critical review is a type of text in which a work, event or situation is analyzed, valued and interpreted, such as a book, a movie, an academic article, a work of art. The main objective of a review is to offer a reasoned evaluation that combines an objective description of the object evaluated with a reasoned opinion of the author. In this type of essay, not only the content is summarized, but aspects such as quality, originality, impact and relevance are examined, based on specific criteria and concrete evidence. Criticism can be positive, negative or balanced, but it must always be based on a careful and justified analysis, beyond a superficial personal opinion.
What was understood from the class?
In this class we learned about the problem solution essay. It was mentioned that its main objective is to present a real problem and then propose concrete solutions to solve it. We found it interesting how this type of essay not only describes the situation, but also invites reflection and looks for ways to improve it. It is very useful to develop critical thinking and raise ideas with solid arguments.
We also talked about critical review, and we understood that it is not only about giving a personal opinion, but about analyzing in depth a work or situation, explaining with arguments why it is good or not. We were pleased to know that in this type of text the summary and the analysis are combined and that it is important to use clear criteria to justify what is said. We believe it is a useful tool to express ideas in a more professional and reflective way.
What wasn’t understood from the class?
Something that as a group was difficult for us in the problem solution essay was to understand well how to separate each part of the text, especially when to stop talking about the problem and start with the solutions. He was also confused when thinking about whether a solution was really adequate or if he needed more justification to make it sound convincing.
As for critical review, it was difficult for us to maintain a balance between giving our opinion and being objective, in addition to knowing how much we can use our point of view without it seeming just a personal opinion.
Class Activities
Problem-Solution Essay
"Traffic in Red: San Salvador’s Daily Maze and the Way Out"
Felipe Andres Aguilar Castellanos
Adriana Beatriz Lima Ayala
Fátima Isabel Rivas Marín
English 3
Julio A. Ramirez
May 23rd, 2025
According to a 2023 study by the Vice Ministry of Transport, drivers in San Salvador spend an average of 2.5 hours per day stuck in traffic. This situation has become a daily struggle for thousands of citizens who commute to work, school, or home. Traffic jams not only waste time, but also increase stress levels and air pollution. Many of the city's roads are no longer capable of handling the current number of vehicles. As the capital continues to grow, this issue becomes more critical. Heavy traffic affects both the economy and the health of the population. This essay will provide some insights on the heavy traffic problem in San Salvador and some possible solutions.
One of the primary causes of traffic congestion in San Salvador is the lack of an efficient and reliable public transportation system. Public buses are often overcrowded, making commuting uncomfortable for passengers. Additionally, many buses are old and break down frequently, which delays the flow of traffic. Schedules are unpredictable, so people cannot rely on buses to arrive on time. This forces many citizens to buy their own cars or motorcycles. As a result, more private vehicles occupy the roads daily. This increase in private transport directly contributes to the heavy traffic problem.
Another contributing factor is poor urban planning and inadequate road infrastructure. Many of the streets in San Salvador are narrow and were not designed for high traffic volumes. There are limited alternative routes, so when one road is blocked, the entire area becomes congested. Traffic lights and road signs are often missing or not working correctly. In addition, construction projects are not well coordinated, causing sudden detours and delays. Emergency repairs and road closures often happen without prior warning. All of these issues create a chaotic driving experience and worsen traffic conditions.
To reduce traffic congestion, both short-term and long-term strategies need to be implemented. One effective solution would be to invest in a modern and safer bus system with air-conditioned units and fixed schedules. The creation of exclusive bus lanes could help buses move faster and encourage their use. Traffic flow can also be improved with better signage, smart traffic lights, and trained traffic officers. Encouraging carpooling would reduce the number of vehicles during peak hours. Building more bicycle lanes and promoting non-motorized transport is also essential. These combined actions could lead to a more efficient and sustainable urban mobility system.
In summary, heavy traffic in San Salvador stems from a deficient transportation system and poor infrastructure, but it is a solvable problem. The city must address the causes directly, beginning with the modernization of its public transport. Urban planning should also focus on improving road design and traffic management. Better coordination and investment can lead to meaningful improvements. Citizens must also play their part by choosing alternatives like carpooling and public transit. If we take action now, future generations will benefit from a more efficient and livable city. The government must take urgent action to modernize transportation and city planning if we hope to reduce commuting times and improve quality of life.
Bibliography
Vice Ministry of Transport. Urban Mobility and Traffic Report: San Salvador 2023. San Salvador: Government of El Salvador, 2023.
Rodríguez, Laura. Urban Traffic Solutions in Latin America: Challenges and Strategies. San Salvador: San Salvador University Press, 2021.
World Bank. Improving Urban Transport in Central America. Washington, DC: World Bank, 2020. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/transport.
Critical Review Essay
“Freedom in a Cage: The Illusion Exposed by The Lie We Live”
Felipe Andres Aguilar Castellanos
Adriana Beatriz Lima Ayala
Fátima Isabel Rivas Marín
English 3
Julio A. Ramirez
May 23rd, 2025
Have you ever questioned the systems that control your life, education, money, or government? In a world where we are told what to think, buy, and become, what if everything we’ve accepted as “normal” is a carefully constructed illusion? Spencer Cathcart’s video essay The Lie We Live uncovers the hidden truths behind modern society. The film challenges the audience to see how institutions manipulate our behavior, making us believe we are free when we are not. Using powerful visuals and emotional narration, the video delivers a compelling critique of modern life. It forces the viewer to reflect on their role in a system built on control and exploitation. This essay will critically examine The Lie We Live by analyzing its powerful message and presentation, while also highlighting its limitations due to the lack of practical solutions and oversimplification of complex issues.
To begin with, The Lie We Live is a short film that critiques the structures that govern our lives. The video argues that systems like capitalism, education, and government shape our thoughts and limit our freedom. For instance, it claims that we are born into a system that tells us what to believe, how to live, and what success means. Moreover, the video suggests that the planet is being destroyed in the name of profit, while people remain distracted by materialism. Cathcart uses emotional language and fast-paced visuals to keep the viewer engaged. In addition, the film incorporates real-life footage such as scenes of pollution, protest, and poverty to emphasize the urgency of these problems. Overall, the summary reveals that the video’s main goal is to wake viewers up to the truth about the world they live in.
One of the video’s greatest strengths lies in its emotional and visual impact, which powerfully conveys its message. First of all, the narration uses poetic phrases and repetition, such as “We are slaves to the system,” to emphasize the weight of the argument. Furthermore, the rhythm and tone of the speaker keep the viewer emotionally connected throughout the video. The visuals are equally strong, with dramatic images that show environmental destruction, political protests, and consumer addiction. These scenes not only support the message but also provoke strong emotional responses from the audience. As a result, viewers are encouraged to reflect on their own lives and the structures they participate in. Additionally, the combination of facts, visuals, and emotion makes the argument persuasive and memorable. Undoubtedly, the artistic presentation of the video is one of its most effective tools.
However, the video has notable weaknesses that affect its overall effectiveness. Although it raises important questions, it does not offer concrete or realistic solutions to the problems it presents. As a result, viewers may feel overwhelmed by negativity or helplessness about how to change the system. Another issue is that the video tends to simplify complex topics by dividing them into clear categories of good and evil. For example, capitalism is portrayed only as destructive, without exploring any potential benefits or alternatives. Moreover, the tone may come off as too radical or conspiratorial for some viewers, making the message less credible. Despite its emotional power, the lack of balance and depth in the argument weakens its persuasive strength. In short, the video is impactful but not entirely convincing for a critical audience.
In conclusion, The Lie We Live succeeds in opening viewers’ eyes to societal problems through emotional power and striking visuals, but its lack of practical guidance and nuanced analysis weakens its overall impact. The video is artistically impressive and carries a strong emotional message, but it simplifies global issues and does not guide the audience toward real-world action. Still, it performs an important function by encouraging people to question systems they might otherwise accept without reflection. Therefore, it should be seen as a powerful conversation starter rather than a complete argument. If more people begin to think critically about the structures that govern them, awareness can lead to deeper change. Ultimately, The Lie We Live challenges us to see beyond the illusion of freedom and take responsibility for shaping a better world. Its message is relevant today more than ever, especially in a time when people are searching for truth and purpose.
Ideaman. "Matemática Alternativa | Cortometraje". YouTube video, 9:06. September 19th, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zh3Yz3PiXZw
Glossary Of Terms Learned In This Class
Thesis: Main idea or central argument that is defended in an essay. In the case of the problem-solution essay, the thesis usually includes the problem and a general solution proposal.
Argument: Reason or evidence that is used to support an idea or point of view. Arguments are fundamental in both types of essay to convince the reader.
Constructive criticism: Evaluation that points out negative and positive aspects in order to improve something, not just to judge. It is key in a critical review.
Structure: Organization of a text in parts such as introduction, development and conclusion. Understanding the structure well helps the message to be clear and orderly.
Objectivity: Ability to analyze without being carried away by emotions or personal preferences. In a criticism, objectivity allows us to make more fair and well-founded evaluations.
New Material
Key points to create them
Problem Solution Essay
Choose a clear and relevant problem.
Investigate causes, consequences and context.
Propose a thesis that includes the problem and a possible solution.
Develop the problem first, then present reasoned solutions.
Conclude by summarizing ideas and reinforcing the proposal.
Critical Review Essay
Choose a work or theme to evaluate (book, movie, etc.).
Analyze thoroughly, don't just give your opinion.
Briefly describe the work or situation.
Evaluate with arguments, using clear criteria (originality, quality, impact).
Conclude with your justified general opinion.
Australian National University. “Writing a Critical Review.” Academic Skills, el 4 de septiembre de 2020. https://www.anu.edu.au/students/academic-skills/writing-assessment/other-assessments/writing-a-critical-review.
This page of the Australian National University explains what a critical review is and how it is structured. It offers a clear guide on how to analyze an academic text critically, combining summary and interpretation. The site describes each part of the criticism (introduction, summary, evaluation and conclusion) and includes useful tips for developing a reasoned, objective and evidence based opinion.
In this video you can find more information about the Problem Solution Essay.
TolentinoTeaching, “Write a Problem-Solution Essay”, YouTube video, 3:06. February 10, 2021. https://youtu.be/ZVZcqRWtI0U?si=6df2fCjxHF6E_Vf3
Sources
Owens, Leonard, Tim Bishop, y Scott Ortolano. “Problem Solving Essays: Overview.” En Starting the Journey: An Intro to College Writing. Florida SouthWestern State College, 2021. https://fsw.pressbooks.pub/enc1101/chapter/problem-solving-essays-overview/.
Baidac, Alexandru. “Writing a Critical Review.” Academia.edu. https://www.academia.edu/30175890/Writing_a_Critical_Review.
TolentinoTeaching, “Write a Problem-Solution Essay”, YouTube video, 3:06. February 10, 2021. https://youtu.be/ZVZcqRWtI0U?si=6df2fCjxHF6E_Vf3
Australian National University. “Writing a Critical Review.” Academic Skills, el 4 de septiembre de 2020. https://www.anu.edu.au/students/academic-skills/writing-assessment/other-assessments/writing-a-critical-review.
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