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Figure 1. Final Go-kart design in isometric view
Figure 2. Final Go-kart design in left view
Design Overview
The final design of the drive-by-wire go-kart integrates advanced electronic control systems into the traditional go-kart frame. It replaced the traditional mechanical linkage with a drive-by-wire system. Emphasizing safety, the go-kart has a speed limit of 19 km/hr and implements both remote and physical emergency shutdown systems. The go-kart is powered by a 48V battery, and its rack and pinion steering system which is complemented by a steering motor reduces input torque. Additionally, the rear-end mounting plate facilitates a dual motor modification.
Steer-by-Wire
Steering Motor: 12V 220 RPM high torque motor to allow for precise steering inputs
Encoder: Links to the steering motor to give feedback to the software on the position/angle of the steer
Rack and Pinion: Allows for more steering angle while also allowing for the usage of a motor to power the system
Pivoting Motor Mount, Sprockets, and Chain: Allows for quick gearing adjustments, ease of encoder application, and adjustable tension of the whole system
Figure 3. Steer-by-wire system
Figure 4. Motor Mount
Drive-by-Wire
Drive Motor: 48V 4300 RPM motor to achieve the desired 12 mph with our estimated load
Sliding Dual Motor Mount: Multi-piece ¼” water-cut plates that can support two drive motors in each direction
3D Printed Motor Controller Mount: Houses the motor control under the motors away from any moving components while also being flexible enough to absorb road vibrations
Sprockets and Chain: Allows for quick gearing adjustments while allowing for adjustable tension
Brake-by-Wire
Linear Actuator: Replaces the mechanical linkage of the pedal and cable to a brake-by-wire system
Brake Drum and Band: Translates the linear force of the actuator into a frictional force on the drivetrain
Figure 5. Braking system
Prototype Performace
20240314_151914.mp4Video 1. Go-kart driving in figure 8 shape
The go-kart was able to reach a constant speed of about 6 m/s (13 mph) at its lowest speed setting of the 3 built-in modes
At the max testing speed of 6 m/s, it took the go-kart about 23 meters (75 ft) to reach a complete stop.
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