Astr 5

This semester, I taught three sections of Astr5 in person.

I began this semester by retaining the same lecture style and course design that I had been using in previous iterations of this course. In the past, I had put a lot of emphasis on creating visually interesting lectures that present material not found in the book. My lectures incorporate many hand drawn slides and multimedia components such as short video clips and Class Action animations. The text Understanding our Universe by Palen, Kay and Blumenthal is recommended but not required for this class. The textbook is useful as a reference for background information, but students will only be tested on material we cover together in class.

The classroom evaluations revealed one major area for improvement: student participation and engagement. [evaluations suggested ... ]. This semester, I started implementing [...] and I noticed improvement [...]

Next semester, I would like to try [...]

Syllabus

ASTR5-25519-ManzanoKing,C.pdf

Selected Lectures

Planetary Geology

This was the first lecture to be observed this semester. The constructive feedback I received about this lecture was that there was a lack of student participation and many missed opportunities for critical thinking. There was a lot of information presented and the pacing of the lecture sped up a lot toward the end, making the activity at the end feel rushed. Some advice I received on how to improve included:

  • pausing to include multiple choice questions

  • reducing the amount of material presented in a single class period to make time for more critical thinking

  • diversifying teaching methods by utilizing think-pair-share, clicker questions, etc.

  • providing more time to answer questions

7 Planetary Geology.pdf
WS3 - Planetary Geology.pdf

Exoplanets

In this lecture, I implemented some of the advice I received following my first round of observations. During this lecture, I paused more frequently to check understanding. I inserted comments throughout the slides below, giving some examples of questions I asked during lecture.

In the second midterm, students struggled to recall some of the material covered during the lectures before the first round of evaluations, but their performance on the exoplanet-related questions was noticibly improved.

During this lecture, I asked the whole class to share their thoughts and participate in the lecture. Responses were dominated by a few students, while the rest remained attentive yet quiet. I think my attempts to improve student engagement could be expanded by utilizing clickers and more group work.

10 Exoplanets.pdf
WS5 - Exoplanets.pdf

Low Mass Star Evolution

Here's a lecture where I took the advice to put multiple choice questions throughout. I used clickers to record responses to multiple choice questions, which made it easier to get responses from the whole class. Clicker response was nearly 100% for most questions, showing that more of the class is participating. The clicker questions sparked lively and productive conversations, where I was able to ask the class to share their reasoning behind their choices and see how the class responses change in real time when I explain how to eliminate one of the multiple choice answers. I also received verbal feedback from some students that the multiple choice questions in the lecture slides were helpful.

13 Low Mass Star Deaths.pdf
WS6 - Stellar Life Cycle (part 1).pdf

Halloween at the Planetarium

To celebrate my favorite holiday, we took a trip to the planetarium and enjoyed the Halloween Happenings show, developed by Jessica and Heather. I used this opportunity to advertise the planetarium shows and encourage students to sign up for the Astr99 Special Topics course on Planetarium Programming. The timing of this show/lecture was fortunate because it also allowed me to advertise the Astr99 student production planetarium show, happening that Thursday.

I learned that it's hard to have whole-class discussions in the planetarium because it's difficult to see the whole class at once and hear the students speak. It would be best to have a worksheet that allows students to work in small groups, while I circulate around the room.

15 Stellar Corpses.pdf

Sample Tests and Quizzes

Quizzes

Each week, I assign a short, multiple choice quiz on Canvas. Each quiz has unlimited attempts and no time limit, giving everyone a chance to get a perfect score. The questions in these quizzes address the important points I bring up throughout the week and serve as a study guide and practice for the midterms and final. The questions on these quizzes tend to be easier than the questions on the midterms and final, but I tell the students if they are able to explain the question and the correct answer to a friend who is not taking astronomy, they will be able to handle harder questions on the other exams.

On the right, you can see a few examples of questions I ask on the quizzes.

Midterms

Astr5-MT1-C.pdf
MT2 - A.pdf

The material covered in Astr 5 logically breaks down into 4 units:

    1. Celestial Motion, Light, and Telescopes

    2. Solar System

    3. Stellar Life Cycle

    4. Galaxies and Evolution of the Universe

These units are punctuated by 3 midterms, each with 40 multiple choice questions. The final is cumulative but focuses on material covered in the 4th unit.

After each midterm, I invite students to review the answer key during my office hours. I usually end up scheduling extended office hours so they can take their time going through the entire test. They may write as much or as little as they want while they review the test, but I do not post the answers or allow them to take photos of the test or answer keys. The philosophy behind this policy is that they are entitled to the information presented on the test, but they must actively review it. This also reduces the chances of the test questions showing up on Course Hero.

I use ZipGrade metrics to check for mistakes and identify problem areas. If less than 30% of students answered a question correctly, I review the question and analyze how I could teach that material differently next time. The median exam score on the first midterm was about 48% and the second exam median was 50% so I curved the grades in the Canvas grade book. I decided to keep the exam format consistent throughout the semester to make it simpler to evaluate whether changes to teaching and exam preparation strategies improve test scores.

Exam Review

In preparation for the third midterm, I dedicated half of the lecture before the test to a review. For the review, I mainly drew on the board. Instead of doing a full summary, I had the students help me recreate two diagrams that would be useful for the test. I reassured the students that if they can draw both of these diagrams from memory, and explain each element, they could enter the test with confidence. As I drew the diagrams, I asked questions that would be fair game on the test, such as:

  • Describe the core of a main sequence star.

  • Where is the Sun on the H-R diagram, and how do you know?

  • Where does a star like the Sun move on the H-R diagram as it leaves the main sequence? Why?

  • Why does a star need to be greater than 8 solar masses to fuse carbon in its core?

Sample Student Work and Feedback

In-Class Worksheet

Most lectures are accompanied by a worksheet. The worksheet shown on the right was assigned alongside our lecture about the deaths of low mass stars, and is a good example of a typical worksheet assigned in this course. It consists of three parts: a warm-up, activity, and reflection.

Warm Up - At the start of class, students are asked to share what they already know about a few key topics they will see in the lecture. Before presenting lecture slides, I ask them to share their prior knowledge. It is also helpful for me to know if they have never heard of these topics before.

Activity - Usually a series of questions designed to be filled out during lecture, often with the help of other classmates. The worksheet is designed to be a place to record important points and provide a space to brainstorm either alone or with a partner.

Reflection - At the end of lecture, I ask students to summarize three main points covered that day and provide the muddiest point. This is an excellent time for them to ask questions if they didn't get the opportunity during class. As I grade the worksheets, I pay close attention to trends in these responses and review the topics next class if needed.

Below, you will find one example of an excellent response to the Activity portion and two examples that could use improvement. Warm-Up and Reflection portions usually receive full credit, so I chose not to show my feedback here. Points are only deducted from these sections if they are missing, unrelated, or demonstrate little thought or care.

WS6 - Stellar Life Cycle (part 1).pdf