The highlighted evidence outcomes are the priority for all students, serving as the essential concepts and skills. It is recommended that the remaining evidence outcomes listed be addressed as time allows, representing the full breadth of the curriculum.

Students Can (Evidence Outcomes):

• Analyze evidence from multiple sources including those with conflicting accounts about specific events in both Colorado and United States history. For example: Indigenous Peoples’, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, and African American perspectives on Western colonization and enslavement; Asian American and Latinos’ perspectives on immigration; and the Indian Removal Act, the Buffalo Soldiers, and the Sand Creek Massacre. (1.1.b)

• Synthesize data from multiple sources in order to connect those sources to the traditional historical narrative. (1.1.e)

• Evaluate continuity and change over the course of United States history by examining various eras and determining major sources of conflict and compromise both in Colorado and across the nation. Including but not limited to: the Indian Removal Act, the Buffalo Soldiers, and the Sand Creek Massacre. (1.2.b)

• Examine the causes and effects of the territorial, political, and economic expansion of the United States. (1.2.c)

• Evaluate the impact of various gender, age, race, ethnicity, religion, and class during this time period and the impact of these demographic groups on the events of the time period. (1.2.d)

• Analyze ideas that are critical to the understanding of early United States history. For example: Ideas involved in major events and movements such as settler colonialism, the changing definition of liberty and citizenship, enslavement of African and Indigenous Peoples, federalism, nativism of the Antebellum period, emancipation, and expansionism. (1.2.f)

• Identify the spatial distribution of cultural groups and human migration patterns. (2.1.b)

• Compare the relationship between human settlement and the environment to recognize important regional connections to early U.S. historical events. (2.1.d)

• Calculate and analyze population trends in relation to historic phenomena. (2.1.e)

• Analyze patterns of conflict and cooperation that resulted from human migration and the economic, political, ethnic, and social implications of those interactions. (2.2.b)

• Interpret geographic and environmental data to understand how competition over land and resources shaped the development of the early United States. For example: Establishing the Mason/Dixon line, development of railroads, the Louisiana Purchase, and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. (2.2.d)

• Analyze the changes in the development of human capital over time. For example: gaining knowledge and skill through education, apprenticeship, and work experience. (3.2.c)

• Analyze the relationship between the debate about citizenship and national identity in early U.S History, and how those ideas shaped political institutions and society. (4.1.b)

• Compare how the leadership of various individuals has influenced the United States government and politics. For example: Women, American Indians, African Americans, and people in the unsettled territories. (4.1.c)

• Discuss the tensions between individual rights and liberties with state, tribal, and national laws. (4.2.e)