Dna-a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromesomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.Rna- ribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic information.mRNA-Messenger RNA molecules carry the genetic information needed to make proteins. tRNA-Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA) is a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in protein synthesis. mRNA Polymerase- As complex molecule composed of protein subunits, RNA polymerase controls the process of transcription, Protein folding- Protein folding is the physical process by which a linear polypeptide folds into its characteristic and functional three-dimensional structure. Transcription- transcription converts DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation- Translation then decodes mRNA into amino acids.