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For our astronomy unit we mainly learned about the life cycle of the stars. We also learned about galaxies and the way they differ, for example there are spiral, elliptical, and irregular galaxies. Lastly, we also learned about the HR diagram which is used to classify stars by luminosity and temperature.
The Star Cycle
The star cycle goes from planetary nebula star to a main sequence star and then to a red giant then to a white dwarf and then lastly to a black hole.
A star is determined what path it takes by its mass.
The sun was born in a planetary nebula and then it went to a main sequence star and then eventually it will become a red giant.
Galaxies
A galaxy is a big cluster of stars and planets.
The three main types are spiral, elliptical, and irregular.
ELLIPTICAL
Elliptical galaxies usually have little dust and gas and they usually look like a circle
SPIRAL
A spiral galaxy usually looks just like its called (a spiral) and it has a lot of gas and dust
IRREGULAR
Irregular galaxies also hold a big amount of gas and dust, and it can look almost like anything.
HR - Diagram
The HR-Diagrams purpose is to classify stars based on luminosity and temperature.
The 4 main groups are main sequence, white dwarfs, red giants, and red supergiants, our sun belongs to the main sequence.
Typically the brighter the star the hotter the star. The temperature goes from the cold on the right to hotter on the left. For example the top right is cold and bright, top left is hot and bright, bottom right is cold and dim, and the bottom left is cold and hot.
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