Weather and climate. While many, many people believe these are the same they really aren't! In the simplest way possible weather is like your forecast, what is happening during the next few days. This changes frequently while climate doesn't change unless it's been quite a while. Climate is the overall average temperature and precipitation of a whole area, over a large span of time.
Now that we have covered what weather is I'm going to explain some types of it, starting with high pressure systems and low pressure systems. In short high pressure systems are areas where the air pressure is higher than the surrounding areas, This creates clear skies from the sinking air . Low pressure systems are the opposite, areas where the air pressure is lower than the surrounding area, bringing clouds, wind, and precipitation due to rising air. Air moves from high pressure to low pressure.
Next up front, no literally front. We are talking about fronts a boundary between two air masses. While there are a ton of fronts we will just be focusing on the two most recognized: warm fronts and cold fronts. They are exactly what they sound like, a mass of cold wind and a mass of warm wind. Usually cold air brings rain (or just precipitation) and warm fronts bring clear skies and of course sunny weather.
Now how does all this happen? With one simple power source: the Sun. The guiding force of all of our weather and climate, whether how it's uneven creates the winds and pressure or how the conventional currents charged by it carry heat all around. First how uneven heating creates
Now next the bigger storms. Not just our drizzles but whole typhoons and more importantly how they are made using just two main ingredients water and air. Except it's not quite that easy. You need warm ocean water that spans enough of an area so that it has some time to gain power. Next in order to have the wind and clouds you need a low pressure system and so that the water stays warm a tropical or sub tropical climate works best. This all works together with the wind, water and clouds to create a hurricane.