Matter and mass contain many sub categories sum of which are elements, compound and different types of mixtures. Some substances are acids and bases scroll down to see the difference.
Matter is anything with mass that takes up space.
Mass is the measure of matter in an object.
Sorry I know this is really round about but I couldn't find a better definition.
Next elements and compounds, what's the difference? Well both are pure substances but elements only have one type of atom (the smallest "building block" of everything) while compounds are two or more types of atoms that are chemically bound.
Now another contrast is heterogeneous vs. homogeneous this one is very simple the only real difference is if you can pick apart the solution. (which means mixture) So heterogeneous means it can be pulled apart physically, like a salad. Homogeneous means that cannot be physically separated like sugar water, once it's dissolved you can put it back without using chemical methods.
Acids are acidic which means that they have ph lower than 7 which is the level water has. Acids have a sharp intense flavor and feels sticky. These like bases have a high reactivity. While bases have a ph level higher than 7. Bases are bitter and caustic.
One example of a acidic is lemon juice and one example of a base is toothpaste. Lemon juice is a acid because it is not only sticky and has a sharp flavor but it's ph is also 2.2 making it an acid. Toothpastes whole job is to break the acidic food we eat it needs to be good at that, exactly what a base does. It's ph is also around 7.5-8.