Climate Models

Illumination of Phenomena That Have Had Significant Effects on Climate Change in the Past

* In the graph, the red one presents more greenhouse gases emitted. By 2100, there is an equivalent of 1,313 ppm CO2.

* In the graph, the blue one presents much less greenhouse gases emitted. By 2100, there is the equivalent of 475 ppm CO2.

According to the model prediction, if we reduce greenhouse gas emissions, there will be a degree of warming over this century. If we don't reduce greenhouse gases much, the Earth will be much warmer. The area around the line represents the range of model results for these two scenarios.

Credit: L.S. Gardiner/UCAR with IPCC (2013) Data

Sea Surface Temperature Global Surface Warming

In detail, according to IPCC's 2013 modeling studies report, there is a chance that the average global ocean temperature will increase by 1-4 degrees Celsius by 2100.

Credit: International Union for Conservation of Nature

The models predict that as the world consumes ever more fossil fuel, greenhouse gas concentrations will continue to rise, and Earth’s average surface temperature will rise with them. Based on a range of plausible emission scenarios, average surface temperatures could rise between 2°C and 6°C by the end of the 21st century.

Direct measurements of carbon dioxide increases since 2005

Carbon dioxide has steadily increased since 2005. In addition, considering that the second data was launched in 2015, it can be confirmed that it reached its highest level in 2015. Furthermore, it can be seen from data from National Geographic that carbon dioxide has been steadily increasing since 2015. The increase in carbon dioxide generates a greenhouse gas effect on the Earth and heats the Earth.

Credit: NOAA