How does the writer make this extract tense and dramatic? [10]

“Good.” Arthur said.

The word that would haunt him for the rest of his life. He felt Jake fall. Felt the weight leave the bridge. Just like that. For a moment Arthur was paralysed. He couldn’t even draw breath. Then his breath came with a rush and he grabbed the rail and looked over. He expected Jake to be washed downstream but, in fact, he was under the bridge, face up, motionless, wedged between two rocks. Water was streaming around and over him. Over his face.

Arthur didn’t remember afterwards how he got to the river. He must have slid down the bank or jumped. He waded into the icy surge, the breath shocked out of him by the cold. He grabbed Jake by the arms and dragged him to the shore. For one ridiculous moment, he wondered if this was another trick, if Jake was playing dead for fun. One further, final joke. But Jake’s head lolled to one side, and the water streamed out of his nose and mouth in a way that made Arthur cry out in fear. The bank was too steep to climb so he waded along the edge of the river, the water boiling around him, stumbling over rocks, feet and legs numb. He carried Jake in his arms and then, once he found a way up, he slung him over his shoulder. He thought he was alive but he couldn’t be sure. And who knew what further injuries he, Arthur, might cause by heaving him over his shoulder. But what else could he do? At the top he lowered Jake carefully to the ground to check that he was breathing, and he was, so he picked him up again and ran. He could see nothing but his mother’s face. How could he walk into the house like this, carrying his brother’s body? How could he face her? He prayed that his father would be in the farmyard. Please God. Please. Sobbing the words as he ran along. His prayer was answered. His father saw him coming. ‘Tell Mum,’ Arthur shouted when his father was close enough. He was crying and it was hard to get the words out. ‘Tell Mum. Get the doctor.’

How does the text persuade the reader to sign the petition supporting the Human Rights Act? [10]

The Human Rights Act works!

In a reckless attack on our human rights, Prime Minister Theresa May has threatened to rip up human rights laws if they "get in the way" of tackling terror suspects. This is exactly the time that human rights must be protected and cherished. Human rights are there to protect every single one of us. Don't sit by as politicians attempt to attack and undermine them.

What is the Human Rights Act? The Human Rights Act brings home fundamental, universal rights we all have as human beings, and allows us to challenge authorities if they violate them. If you’re lucky you won’t ever need to use it in a court. But it’s protecting you all the same. It’s an invisible safety net for all of us, working silently to ensure our rights are respected, and a crucial shield and sword for the most vulnerable: from women fleeing domestic violence to older people in care homes and the disabled seeking proper support.

Right now this vital protection is at risk. Attacked by some politicians, misreported by the press and misunderstood by many – it’s time to spread the message that human rights matter. We must not let politicians take away these universal rights at the stroke of a pen. As always, it’s the most vulnerable who’ll pay the heaviest price.

Which of your essential human rights would you be happy to lose – the universal right to a fair trial? Protection against slavery? The right to free elections? If you answer is 'none of them', it’s time to take a stand. Sign the petition: save the Human Rights Act.