Effects of human activity on the ecosystem

Summary

1. Deforestation

Consequences

• soil erosion

• flooding

• loss of habitat

• loss of valuable species

• climatic changes

• upsets oxygen and carbon dioxide balance

2. Air pollution

Caused by

• burning of fossil fuel

• exhaust fumes from motor vehicles

• burning of garbage

3. Water pollution

Caused by

• discharge of untreated sewage

• discharge of inorganic waste

• excessive use of chemical fertilizers

• use of pesticides

Reasons for clearing forests/ deforestation

To provide:

• land for cultivation, urban development, grazing

• timber for construction and making paper

• firewood

Pollution

Pollution is the process by which harmful substances are added to the environment

• air pollution from: forest fires, volcanic eruptions, biological decomposition, human activities

• water pollution from: human activities

Conservation

Conservation is necessary for the protection of plant and animal species to maintain a stable and balanced ecosystem

Conservation measures:

• reducing or eliminating pollution through education and legislation

• controlling growth of human population

• conserving natural resources. Recycling important for conservation which conserves non-renewable natural resources but also

  • reduced the problem of waste disposal and environmental pollution

  • is economical as it saves energy and money

• recovering wildlife, especially those species that are in danger of extinction