Lithium Ion

Standard voltage output

3.6V

3.7V

3.75V

1,000 - 5,000 cycles until 30% Capacity loss.

But new designs coming in 2017 are 12,000 - 60,000

Batteries with a lithium iron phosphate positive and graphite negative electrodes have a nominal open-circuit voltage of 3.2 V and a typical charging voltage of 3.6 V. Lithium nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) oxide positives with graphite negatives have a 3.7 V nominal voltage with a 4.2 V maximum while charging.

The charging procedure is performed at constant voltage with current-limiting circuitry (i.e., charging with constant current until a voltage of 4.2 V is reached in the cell and continuing with a constant voltage applied until the current drops close to zero). Typically, the charge is terminated at 3% of the initial charge current. In the past, lithium-ion batteries could not be fast-charged and needed at least two hours to fully charge. Current-generation cells can be fully charged in 45 minutes or less. In 2015 researchers demonstrated a small 600 mAh capacity battery charged to 68 percent capacity in two minutes and a 3,000 mAh battery charged to 48 percent capacity in five minutes

5V Micro USB 1A Lithium Battery Charging Board Charger Module

Lithium Battery Charger PCB

Li-ion charger Pins (4.2V for 3.7V Li-ion)

New TP4056 Lithium Cell Charger Module with Battery Protection