Katy Cox © November 2019
The following is a glimpse into the lives of Henry and his son Algernon Perkins, during the time they were owners of Hanworth Park.
It is also an attempt to describe Henry and Algernon: were they similar to James Cuthbert: busy gambling away their inheritance or did they avoid the social whirl and immerse themselves in scholarly pursuits?
The house has only recently be known as Hanworth Park House. In the 1800s the area surrounding HPH was referred to as Hanworth Park, HPH did not have a specific name and was referred to only as the house or the mansion.
1828-1832: The house built for Henry Perkins [Research ongoing]
[Update Jan 2020 See John Bradley's page: When was HPH built? ]
1855: Henry Perkins died.
1855: Hanworth Park inherited by his son Algernon Perkins.
1872: Algernon Perkins died.
1872/3: Algernon’s executors sold Hanworth Park.
The Perkins family added wings, a clock tower and a verandah. [Research ongoing]
Algernon funded alterations and additions to St George’s Church, Hanworth. [Research ongoing]
There is a family vault placed in St George’s graveyard.
The Perkins donated land in Hanworth for the building of a National School. [Research ongoing]
Henry Perkins, followed by Algernon Perkins, were partners in Barclay Perkins Brewery, Southwark, which in the early 1800s was the largest brewery in the world.
Henry had amassed a small but very well-respected library, including beautifully illustrated manuscripts from as early as the 9th century, the first books ever printed in type, Shakespeare’s folios and many books of reference.
The above are the basic facts of the Perkins’ at Hanworth Park.
Henry Perkins was born in 1776, to John Perkins (1731-1812) and Amelia Moseley. John Perkins was a partner in the Barclay Perkins Brewery [see below]. Henry had five siblings: John, Amelia, Frederick, Alfred Thrale, Charles.
Henry married Susannah Jane Latham in 1803. Their marriage was graced with six children: Henry, Sophia, Matilda (born in February 1807 and died in September of the same year), Algernon, Selina and Matilda.
Henry’s first born, Henry, died in a tragic accident at Oxford, in 1827. Henry, with his family, had arranged to visit their son, Henry, while he was studying at Oxford. They had booked accommodation but as they were leaving they received the most ‘melancholy intelligence’. Henry (son) a Gentleman Commoner of New College, Oxford, was leaving a party at St John’s College and was going down stairs when his foot slipped and he fell to the bottom. He had dislocated his neck and died a few hours later of apoplexy.[1] Such a tragic accident under those circumstances must have deeply affected the whole family. Henry’s wife, Susannah, died shortly after in 1830. One can only feel for Henry having lost his son and wife so near each other.
In 1838, Henry sold his house at Springfield Park, Tooting, (it became the Surrey County Asylum). Henry had purchased the house from the 2nd Earl Spencer.
Matilda Perkins, one of Henry’s daughters, the widow of Frederick Perkins (cousin) married the then, Major Bagot on 17th January 1842. After the ceremony and a ‘splendid dejeune’, the bride and bridegroom travelled to Hanworth Park, there to spend a few days before they left on their continental tour.[2]
To date no records have been found that document a second marriage for Henry. He did though have a lady living with him; in Henry’s will [see below] she is referred to as, ‘Elizabeth Randall, commonly called Elizabeth Perkins.’ In the 1851 census, she is noted as ‘Elizabeth Perkins, wife, married’.[3] [Was that to save the blushes of the enumerator?]
Henry died on 15th April, 1855, at their house in Dover, of influenza and bronchitis. He was buried at St George’s Church, Hanworth eight days later.
Henry’s granddaughter (Selina’s daughter) Susanna married Rev John Lovell Robinson who became Rector of Hanworth! At least two of his children were baptised there AND he is buried there. John Lovell Robinson was still in Cambridgeshire in 1871 but by 1873 he was in Hanworth, when his son Herbert was baptised. He died in Hanworth in 1878.[4]
Algernon Perkins was born in Southwark, November 1808. In June 1835, he married Sophia Clementina Soltau.[5] In 1846 he was appointed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Surrey to be a Deputy Lieutenant of Surrey.[6]
Henry (son) and Susannah had both been buried at St. Saviours, Southwark; Algernon must have been extremely fond of his family as he arranged for Henry, his brother and Susannah, his mother, to be removed from Southwark, in 1855, and placed in the family vault at St George’s, Hanworth.[7]
Algernon and Sophia entertained their relatives at Hanworth. This is an abstract from the diaries of Henrietta Thornhill: [I have not yet found the family connection.] 'Party go to Mrs. Perkins at Hanworth Park & join Aunt Anna [and] four of the Soltau children as well as many others - [ostensibly] for hay-making [1869]'. [Tho one wonders how much hay-making they did-perhaps it was more of a party to watch the hay-making.] There is mention in the diaries of a Henry staying with his Aunt Perkins in 1867.[8]
Algernon, in his role of Lord of the Manor, in 1871 advertised a vacancy at St George’s Church; it came with a salary of £545 per year, and included a rectory. [The relative value today is from £49,850.00.[9]]
Algernon died in 1872 and his wife Sophia died in 1885, they had no children.
[The early censuses for Hanworth rarely show an address or name of a house.]
The 1841 census shows Henry, a Brewer, at Hanworth with Elizabeth Randall plus eight servants. Elizabeth is noted as ‘Elizabeth Randall’.
In the 1851 census Henry, Brewer, with Elizabeth, are in another of their homes: 26, Waterloo Crescent, Dover. With him are three visitors, plus eight servants - at least two of the servants were also part of the Hanworth Park household of 1841.[10] The visitors were Edward Garrett [A trustee of Henry’s will, see below.] and Osmond de Beauvoir Priaulx (barrister) with his son, Walter, a solicitor.
By the time of the 1861 census, Henry had died and Hanworth Park had been inherited by his son, Algernon Perkins.
In the 1861 household at 82, Harley Street, Marleybone, were Algernon (a Deputy Lieutenant for Surrey and a brewer), his wife Sophia, his sister-in-law, Mary Salter and nine servants. [Was Mary Salter in fact Mary Soltau? Misspelling of name on the census?)
By the time of the 1871 census, they were living at 17, Harley Street; the servants were then noted on the census by their separate occupations: two footmen, a cook, two housemaids, one kitchen maid and one scullery maid.[11] [Note the different house numbers in the two censuses, they may not have moved homes as the street was renumbered in 1866. link]
Although Algernon is not shown on the 1861 and 1871 censuses as being at Hanworth, he would have been there on many occasions, else why give so much to St George’s Church and have additions to the house.
John Gardner, a gardener to Henry Perkins at Hanworth Park, died in a tragic accident, as reported in the Windsor and Eton Gazette, 20th June, 1840. John was working on the heating apparatus attached to the hot houses at Hanworth Park [see 1873 sale brochure below]. Suddenly a key he was using fell into the tank of water under the fire place. While reaching for the key, John held on to a lead-pipe to steady himself, the pipe bent under his weight, propelling John head first into the water and he was drowned. At an inquest held at the Bear Inn, Hanworth, the coroner, Mr Wakeley, MP announced the verdict of accidental death.[12]
Sarah Keen and her husband, Frederick Keen, a gamekeeper to Henry Perkins at Hanworth Park, while out walking in Hampton Lane were caught in a violent thunderstorm, so terrific was the storm that it was felt as far away as Staines and Egham. They had sought shelter under the outspread branches of a tree and after waiting a while Sarah remarked, “Let us go, it is nearly over.” Those were the last words Frederick heard from Sarah, Frederick was knocked unconscious and awoke to find Sarah lying lifeless on the ground. He did seek medical help but to no avail, they had both been struck by lightning and only Frederick survived.[13] This was a terrible tragedy for Frederick, as not only had he lost his wife but also the mother to their eight children. The ranged in age from a fifteen year old to a one year old - it was only the eldest who was in work, as a gardener.[14] The Dublin Medical Press quoted Mr G.S. Brent, Deputy Coroner for Middlesex, from the Lancet stating, ‘Frederick received a wound on his neck and right leg… which doubtless attracted the fluid.’[15]
Oxford University and City Herald, Saturday, 12 February 1831.
‘SIX SOVERIGNS REWARD [£535.20]
Lost from the Defiance Oxford and London Coach, on the evening of Friday 28th January between Dorchester and Oxford, a Black Leather Portmanteau with the name of “Algernon Perkins” on a brass plate, and a card edged with black, tied to the handle, with “Perkins, Passenger” written on it. Any Person who may have found the same, and will bring it to the Mitre Coach Office, Oxford, shall receive the above reward.’ [16]
[Algernon was following in the footsteps of his older brother, Henry. [see above] One wonders if the luggage was perhaps stolen and Algernon is being a little naïve in offering a reward, or it was not easy to dispose of and therefore he is hoping the miscreant will return it to claim the reward.]
Morning Advertiser, Friday 14 Nov 1851.
Richard Luff, a carman, [delivery driver] working for Barclay Perkins, was returning from a delivery he had made to Hanworth Park. As he was driving his wagon and four horses through Wandsworth, two [police] constables, Oakley and Walker of the V Division, became suspicions upon seeing some loose sacks in the wagon and suspected that corn was hidden under the sacks. They proceeded to follow and watch Luff, who drove to the Hope Inn, Lower Road, Battersea. Luff reached under the empty sacks and removed a full bag and placed it at the head of the wagon. Luff proceeded to put nose-bags on the horses, meanwhile Henry Staines and James Scott, ostlers, took the bag from the wagon and ran into the stable of the Hope Inn. Luff denied all knowledge and Staines said he had never done it before. The bag contained two bushels of oats and half a bushel of beans, which Luff should have delivered to Hanworth Park! The officers arrested them.
Windsor and Eton Express, Saturday, 17 December 1864.
‘Alfred Gatfield of Hanworth, was charged with stealing some turnips, the property of Algernon Perkins Esq. of Hanworth Park. Fines 10s with 6s costs, or 14 days in the House of Correction, a week was allowed to pay.’ [Equivalent today: £47.77, £28.66][17]
[What would his ancestor have thought of that - Daniel Gatfield, Blacksmith and Churchwarden? Daniel Gatfield - one of Commissioners for the Enclosure Awards, Hanworth,1800.]
Henry and Algernon, were both members of various associations, organisations and societies, and they also contributed to various charities; these were (and still are in some cases) mostly for the advancement of knowledge in various fields, or to help the less privileged; though perhaps one or two may not fall into those categories!
Brewer’s Company
Freemasons
Geological Society
Horticultural Society of London
Lady Owen’s School [Dame Alice Owen's School]
Linnean Society
Royal Agricultural Association
Royal Benevolent Institution for Aged Masons and their widows
Royal Free Hospital
Royal Institution
Royal Yacht Squadron
South West Middlesex Agricultural Association
St. Saviour’s, Southwark
St. Saviour’s Grammar School
Sunbury Club (Puppy Stakes)
Surrey Dispensary
Thames Angling Preservation Society
Brewer’s Company
Zoological Society
Masters of the Brewer’s Company are appointed annually. ‘The Brewers' Company is one of the oldest Livery Companies in the City of London and ranks fourteenth in order of precedence. The Company received its first charter from Henry VI in 1438 when the brewers were incorporated as "The Wardens and Commonalty of the Mystery or Art of Brewers of the City of London.’ Henry was the Master in 1819 and Algernon in 1861, Henry’s brother, Frederick was the Master in 1827. The following inscription, over the entrance on the doorway of Brewers’ Hall, states: “Repaired 1860. Charles Buxton, M.P. Master, John Courage, Esq. Algernon Perkins, Esq., James Watney, Jnr. Esq., Wardens". [According to the history of the Courage brewery, it still exists today.]
‘Freemasonry is one of the world’s oldest and largest non-religious, non-political, fraternal and charitable organisations.’. The following snippets relating to the Masons, were chosen to illustrate the various events in which Henry and or Algernon featured.
Henry served the office of Grand Sword Bearer in 1836, and onwards. A slight problem had arisen at an initiation ceremony for the Ambassador to the King of Oude, (map) which took place in June 1836, when there was the realisation that the gentleman, referred to as the ‘Molvee’, did not speak, or understand much English. An interpreter was called for, the Persian Professor at Haileybury College, Meeza Ibrahim. The Duke of Sussex and Henry Perkins, very thoughtfully had provided their copies of the Koran for the Ambassador. [Though what help that was is questionable.] The Duke’s copy was said to be beautiful and very valuable and Henry’s copy as splendid and beautifully embellished. The Duke’s was of course used.[18]
In September, 1850, Henry was amongst a group of guests who attended a dinner given by the Lord Mayor (Brother Farncomb) for Masons, held at the Mansion House. Among the 200 guests were, Earls, Lords, Sirs, Barons, MPs, Colonel, Lieutenant, Reverends &c.[19]
There is more information for Algernon as a member of the Masons, and of which positions he had held,
· Initiated in the Apollo University Lodge about 1831.
· Senior Grand Warden for Hertfordshire.
· In 1857 he was Master at St George and Corner Stone Lodge.
· He was Vice President of the Girls School.
· A Governor of the Royal Benevolent Institution for Aged Masons and their widows.[20]
In the absence of the Earl of Zetland, Algernon officiated as Grand Master during the laying of a foundation stone of a new school building at Wood Green. The school was part of a home for the education and clothing of the sons of deceased and unfortunate masons. A similar, successful, institution had already been founded for girls at Wandsworth, with about 100 inmates. The boys had been receiving an education on a day basis, when the Masons felt that a home for the boys would ensure that their health, comfort and habits could be more carefully attended. A pilot scheme for the boys’ institution had been set up for twenty-five boys, in 1857, which was successful and in 1859 seventy boys were admitted, leading to the need for an additional building. The members of the Grand Lodge attended in full Masonic Craft, wearing their gold chains, collars, sashes and aprons, they carried,
‘…a cornucopia filled with new corn,
ewers filled with wine and oil,
a velvet bag carrying the Masonic seal,
Corinthian, Doric and Ionic lights,
A mallet, a level, a plumb rule and
banners embroidered in silk and gold.’[21]
Algernon was at another important Masonic event concerning the then Prince of Wales [Edward VII, 1901], who was elected to the position of Past Grand Master. The Earl of Zetland was in the throne with the Earl de Grey and Ripon on the right and Algernon in the Senior Warden’s chair, also present was the Duke of St Albans. The Prince of Wales entered to great applause, he is quoted in The Star as stating,
“…for a long time past it has been my wish to be a Freemason... I feel it a great honour to be here today.”[22]
Founded in 1807, the Geological Society is the oldest geological society in the world.
Henry was a Fellow of the Geological Society as noted in the Dictionary of National Biography. The Society has a letter from Henry dated 16 Apr 1839.[23]
The Royal Horticultural Society was founded under the title The Horticultural Society of London, by Sir Joseph Banks and John Wedgwood, its aim was to collect plant information and encourage the improvement of horticultural practice. Algernon was elected a fellow of the Horticultural Society of London in 1859, at a special general meeting held at The Society of Arts, John Street.[24]
Founded in 1613: a cow, a village maiden and an arrow feature in its foundation.
Algernon Perkins, as a member Worshipful the Brewer’s Company, was in the chair at the annual examination of Lady Owen’s School, which took place before the Worshipful the Brewer’s Company, under whose management the school is vested.[25]
Founded in 1788, the Linnean Society of London is the world’s oldest active biological society. The Society takes its name from the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) whose botanical, zoological and library collections have been in its keeping since 1829.
Henry was elected as a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1825.[26]
A meeting was held at the Red Lion, Feltham, 4th August, 1860, following a notice issued by Richard Edward Arden Esq, a Deputy Lieutenant of Surrey: to revive the old Spelthorne Legion of Volunteers. It was proposed by Algernon Perkins and seconded by Rev Thomas Fowle, that Parishes within the Hundred of Spelthorne should (singly or conjointly) endeavour to form companies of Rifle Volunteers. It was also proposed:
‘… members of such companies of Effectives paying 10s 6d for each subsequent year, Non-effectives or Honorary members pay one guinea annually, or a sum of not less than £5 in one donation’.[27]
[Originally formed in 1803. The rifle volunteer force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, following the increasing perceived threat of invasion by a European army. This volunteer force was the start of the Territorial Army.]
The society was founded in 1838,
‘In 1838 a group of individuals with interests in agriculture – journalists, landowners and enthusiasts – had become convinced that science would help English agriculture become more productive and meet the growing food requirements of a booming population.’
Henry is listed, 1839, as a member of the Royal Agricultural Association. Algernon is listed, 1868, as a Life Governor.
The Royal Free Hospital for the destitute, sick and diseased, (Gray’s Inn Road, late Greville Street.) [Now in Hampstead]
‘Established in 1828 by William Marsden, a newly qualified surgeon shocked that he could not find treatment for a penniless young woman, the Royal Free's founding principle was that they would take in anyone who needed treatment – the first hospital in London to do so and the only London hospital to stay open during the 19th-century cholera epidemics.’
‘At a meeting of the West End Committee, appointed to receive subscriptions for defraying the purchase and furnishing &c of the new building, the following was collected, by the West End Committee £5092.10.0 [£491,100.00]and by the City Committee £1053.10 [£101,600]; Algernon was also a donor to the value of £52. 10.0. [Equivalent today £5063.00].[28]
‘The Royal Institution was founded in March 1799 with the aim of introducing new technologies and teaching science to the general public.’
In ‘Notices of the Proceedings at the Meetings of the Members of The Royal Institution of Great Britain, Vol 5. 1866-1869’ link Algernon is listed as being elected as a member on Monday, 4 March 1867.
The RYS was founded in 1815, and according to their website ‘… is one of the most prestigious and exclusive yacht clubs in the world.’. It was originally named the ‘Yacht Club’, ‘Royal’ was added after the Prince Regent, a member since 1817, was crowned George IV in 1820. It was not until after WW1 that ladies were allowed inside the club’s building.[29]
Henry, a member of the Royal Yacht Squadron, owned a yacht, ‘Unicorn’, registered at Ramsgate, Kent and a cutter, ‘Zephyr’, registered at Cowes, Isle of Wight.
During 1825 Henry became part of a committee for the RYS, to consider leasing premises on the Isle of Wight. The RYS envisaged it would become a club house or coffee room. The committee reported in favour of acquiring the Gloucester Hotel, on the parade at Cowes, and it subsequently became the first club house of the RYS.[30]
It was reported in the Royal Cornwall Gazette, July 1824 that while Henry was on a trip to Ireland he called in at Falmouth, Cornwall in his ‘beautiful’ yacht ‘Unicorn’[31]. Was it Henry who visited Cadiz during 1826? A mention in the Cork Constitution, ‘We have had several distinguished visitors here [Cadiz]during the autumn. Mr Perkins of the Royal Yacht Club, were among the number. [Although his first name is not in the newspaper article arguably, it is Henry.]
The SWMAA held annual competitions for their member’s agricultural labourers and shepherds. The reasoning behind its competitions was to promote and encourage good ploughing and shepherding, thereby promoting agricultural improvements and also rewarded loyalty and long service.
The Third annual meeting of the SWMAA, in October 1839, was held at the Black Dog Inn, Bedfont, with Henry Perkins Esq. of Hanworth Park in the chair. A ploughing match had been arranged on a Mr F Sherborn’s farm, on the road leading from Ashford to Bedfont. A large crowd, including the principal agriculturalists of the surrounding counties, were there to see the competition. ‘It was a most pleasing site’ stated the John Bull, 6th October, 1839, ‘no less than 74 ploughs being engaged at one time.’ After the competition, at about 4 o’clock, a dinner was attended by some 200 gentlemen, in a specially erected marquee in the grounds of the Black Dog Inn.[32]
The SWMAA shepherding competitions were to improve the quality of sheep-shearing. In 1846, the competition was held at the farm of a Mr Samuel Pearce of Ruislip. The entrants were those shepherds ‘constantly’ employed by subscribers to the SWMAA. Each shepherd was allocated five South-downs. Mr Perkins’ shepherd, James Olding, won a prize; he had been employed by Henry for eight years. [The newspaper article states James ‘Olding’ whereas the 1841 census notes James ‘Olden’.]
The SWMAA dinner was held at the Chequer’s Inn, Uxbridge, and many a toast was drunk and many a song was heard. There were various toasts to the: Duke of Northumberland as it patron, the judges of the day, the chair, to Mr Pearce, the visitors, Uxbridge and the secretary. The songs were, “The Sheep Shearing”, “The Gipsy Band”, “Old England” and “Oh! Life is but a stream full of bubbles.”.
During the dinner, a ‘unanimous desire’ was induced among the members for liquid manure, which was to be supplied by the Metropolitan Sewerage Manure Company. The members had listened to an explanation regarding the extraordinary results gained from the application of different manures.[33] The Greater London Industrial Archaeology Society state on their website:
‘Edwin Chadwick (1800–1890) [political and social reformer], and the Metropolitan Sewage Manure Company proposed in 1845 to gather the city's sewage and wastes at 'some distant point' to be recycled back onto the land. But the business was never proceeded with because of the way capital and engineering expertise were attracted to railway speculation in the 1840s.’ link
The London Evening Standard, February 1846, reported on a public meeting of the parishioners of St. Saviour’s Southwark. The meeting had been called to consider the North Kent and London and South Western London Bridge extensions. Resolutions were adopted and a committee was appointed, with Algernon as one of its members, to watch the progress of the Bill through Parliament. The petition was to state,
‘… not the slightest necessity for the said railways; serious discomfort and inconvenience to the inhabitants of the parish; destruction and deterioration of much valuable property.’[34]
Algernon Perkins was among the guests at the celebration for the three hundred and ninth anniversary of St Saviour’s Grammar School. It took place in of the main classrooms, with examples of the pupils’ work around the room.[35]
On November 28th and 29th of November 1838, Henry played host to the first meeting of the season of the Sunbury Club Puppy Stakes at Hanworth Park. On that occasion, Henry received the following tribute in the Sportsman:
’… through the kind permission of the proprietor Henry Perkins, Esq whose universal kindness and hospitality are well known to all sportsmen of the neighbourhood.’
Henry also entered his puppies into the Stakes, the results were:
Mr Wilshire’s Blucher beat Mr Watson’s Young Pilot
Mr Bett’s Bustle beat Mr J Farnell’s Factor
Mr H Farnell’s Fisherman beat Mr Fagg’s Trogan
Mr Perkins Deptford beat Mr Bishop’s Hengist
Mr C Farnell’s Horsa beat Mr Thackrah’s Thalia
Mr Tillyer’s Eagle beat Mr Perkins Springer
First Ties: Bustle beat Blucher, Mr Perkins Deptford beat Fisherman, Horsa beat Eagle
Second Ties: Bustle beat Horsa, and Mr Perkins Deptford ran a bye
Deciding Course: Bustle beat Mr Perkins Deptford, and won the Stakes; Mr Perkins Deptford the Sovs.
Matches: Mr Thackrah’s Thetis beat Mr H Farnell’s Friday
Mr Thackrah’s Thalia beat Mr Batt’s Brilliant
Mr Wilshire’s Nimble beat Mr Perkins Wasp
Mr C Farnell’s Flirt beat Mr Perkins Pet
Mr Whilshire’s Lara beat Mr Thackrah’s Trojan
Mr Perkins Spring beat Mr C Farnell’s Tanner
Mr C Farnell’s Fancy beat Mr Perkins Unknown
Mr C Farnell’s Flirt beat Mr Perkin’s Young Pilot[36]
The Surrey Dispensary was one of the earliest charitable dispensaries to open in London to treat the poor.[37] An annual dinner was held for the Surrey Dispensary charity at the Bridge House Hotel, Southwark, on the 6th May, 1857. Algernon was listed as one of contributors, along with his company, Barclay Perkins. They both donated £10.10s. [Equivalent today - £983.90]
The Thames Angling Preservation Society was formed, in 1838, during a meeting at The Bell Inn, Hampton. The founder members were Mr Henry Perkins of Hanworth Park, Mr. C. C. Clarke, and Mr. Edward Jesse of Twickenham, Dr. Henry Jepson and Mr. Richard Kerry of Hampton, Mr. W. Whitbread of Eaton Square, and Mr. David Crole of Strawberry Hill. TAPS was originally formed to stop the poaching of fish in the Thames from Richmond to Staines; it then took to restocking the river.[38]
Since its formation, TAPS has received many compliments, such as Charles Dickens (Jnr), in his Dictionary of London, 1879, ‘London anglers are in great measure indebted to the TAPS for their sport.’[39] The TAPS in 1906 looking back at their past, [Taken from footnote 21 in the Victoria County History.]
‘…to whose efforts and expenditure Thames Anglers are indebted for the preservation of the fishery in the river Thames up to Staines.’
A more recent compliment, 17th March, 2011 was paid during an evening at the Bell Inn, Hampton, , by The Thames Anglers’ Conservancy,
‘.. we will be honouring our fore fathers, the TAPS, who first met at this venue 174 years ago today.’.
[There are various interesting phrases concerning anglers and angling in the following newspapers clippings, ‘Brethren of the Angle’, ‘ brothers of the gentle craft.’]
Mr D. Crole, Hon Secretary to the TAPS, announced the following in the Morning Post, 9th May, 1839,
‘Their first anniversary meeting would be held on Wednesday 22nd May [1839] at the Freemasons Tavern, Great Queen Street. At the meeting with Henry Perkins in the chair, a detailed statement of the past year will be submitted and trusts that it will meet with the approbation of all Brethren of the Angle.’
The following year the meeting was again chaired by Henry.[40]
At the TAPS annual meeting, 1842, Henry was again in the chair; he is quoted in the Evening Standard as stating,
‘The River Thames was now in very fine order for angling, that it was full of fish of every description bred in the Thames. If the public would come forward and support the efforts of the Society, the river would be kept in its present state, but if they did not, the river, in two or three years, would be in as bad a state as it was four years ago’
The Society did have problems with expenses, as the previous year’s expenses were £191 17s 3d [Equivalent today - £17,140.00] but receipts were only £137 11s [Equivalent today - £12,290.00].[41] There was an appeal to ‘all brothers of the gentle craft’ to become members. A local resident had stated to the excellent health of the fish in the Thames, as he had never caught a jack in 40 years, but now could kill 3 or 4 a day. Gudgeon, minnow, perch, pike, roach, and trout were also much improved. The Lord Mayor, as Conservator of the Thames, was to be approached by TAPS, as they wished to appoint five water bailiffs. [42]
By 1844, Henry had changed position from chair of TAPS to treasurer; the chair that year was Mr W.H. Whitbread [Brewer]. Henry announced at their annual meeting that receipts had increased to £223.00 [Equivalent today -£21,500.00] and expenses were £180.00 [Equivalent today £17,360.00]. Water Bailiff’s had been appointed by the Society, and it had staked several parts of the river to protect it from netting. Henry, as treasurer, stated that the Society owed him £40.00 [Equivalent today - £3,699.00] from a shortfall in the previous receipts, ‘though he was not afraid of being paid’. The number of subscribers was 179 of whom 56 were new members.[43]
The 1845 annual meeting, as reported in Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, took place at The Mitre, Hampton Court, [built 1665] again with Henry as treasurer. He is reported as stating,
‘[he]expressed his hope and expectation that the angling public would now come forward and support the association as it deserved.’
The secretary, Henry Farnell [who not surprisingly owned a puppy named ‘Fisherman’, see above puppy stakes.], pointed out that the Society may have to fold for want of funds, which would ruin the river through poaching and illegal fishing. He reported that he had written to 650 habitual Thames anglers, and received 12 replies (cries of shame! and shabby!)
Further reporting of the meeting included,
‘The evening was passed amidst so much cordiality and paternal feeling, that it was resolved to have two or three more dinners in the season and extend the pleasant ties by which true CONDISCRIPULI of Walton and Cotton are ever linked together.[44]
Mr Goodman, landlord of The Mitre, did his duty towards his guests like a good man and true.’[45]
The 11th annual dinner of TAPS took place at the Star & Garter Inn, Richmond. Both Henry and Algernon attended, with thirty other gentlemen. The reporter in the Illustrated London News, ‘wished a hearty success to this useful and agreeable society.’[46]
During the TAPS’s 1856 annual meeting it was announced that Algernon Perkins was taking on the role of treasurer, ‘vacant by the death of the late venerable and respected member [Henry Perkins].’[47] James Bird, chair, remarked at the 1857 annual meeting that TAPS had not only helped anglers but also ,
‘…the industrious fishermen, the puntman, the punt builders, the riverside taverns and tradespeople of the various localities.’.[48]
‘The society was formed in 1826 for the advancement of zoology, and the introduction and exhibition of subjects of the animal kingdom, alive or in a state of preservation.’ Henry Perkins, F.L.S., F.H.S., F.G.S., is listed, in 1831, as a Fellow of the Zoological Society, along with other Perkins relatives.
The Perkins family lived in Hanworth Park from 1828 to 1872; Henry Perkins, from 1828 to his death in 1855, had amassed the library at Hanworth. In 1855 it was passed to his son, Algernon - although Algernon was not such an avid bibliophile as Henry, he did add to the collection. Sadly, Algernon died in 1872, which was followed in 1873 by the entire estate and library being put up for sale.
What can the house tell us about the library? Nothing, for there is not any physical evidence in any of the rooms. We have learnt, though, from an 1873 sale catalogue of the Hanworth Park estate, that there was a particular room that was used as library – now referred to as the ballroom.
How did we learn of what was in the room used for the Perkins' library? An auction of the very valuable and important library formed by the late Henry Perkins took place in the Great Library at Hanworth Park, in June 1873. There are many copies of the auction catalogue in libraries [Feltham Library] and online – thank goodness. Without that catalogue, we would only know of about 1% of the library’s contents, through mentions in books and newspaper articles and through the provenance of a few books in libraries.
The auction started at precisely 1 o’clock on the 3rd June and continued for the following three days. It contained splendidly illuminated manuscripts, a remarkable collection of early bibles, examples of printing on vellum, the four folio editions of Shakespeare, numerous valuable county histories plus many reference books on a wide range of subjects.
The auction consisted of 865 lots, some lots contained more than one title, and some titles were of more than one volume; in total there were approximately 1466 separate titles making a total of approximately 5,595 volumes. The library fetched £26,000.00 in total. [The relative value today of £26,000 ranges from £2,263,000.00[49].] The buyers at the auction were not only from all parts of Britain but also from the continent and America.
A hush fell at the auction as the last two lots, on the fourth day approached. All eyes were focused on Bernard A. C. Quaritch and Frederick S. Ellis, who had been the main buyers over the four days. [Bernard Quaritch Ltd is still in business today.]. Who would out-bid the other, how much were they willing to pay, were there other potential buyers in the room who were willing to join in the bidding? The penultimate lot was a Gutenburg Bible on Vellum, known as the Mazarine Bible. A buzz ran through the library as the gavel fell: it was sold to Mr Ellis for £3,400.00, [The relative value today is from £295,900.00][50] Mr Quaritch acquired the final lot, a Gutenberg bible on paper, for £2,690.00. Was he downhearted though to be outbid – perhaps not - as the catalogue description states that it was a matchless copy. The catalogue also states, ‘that it was the first time, and probably the last, that two copies of this book are sold in one day’.[51]
The following description of Henry Perkins and his library is taken from an article in The Daily Telegraph, June 9 1873; chosen for its fulsome praise of the library and for its literary references.[52] The writer of the article was overawed by the amount that the Mazarine bible fetched,
‘It seems incredible - £3,400.00 for a single book! The money could buy a small estate; it would purchase a comfortable annuity; it would cover the expenses of a contested election.’
The article states that the Perkins Library has long been famous in Europe as the finest private collection that has ever been amassed by an English Bibliophile; in addition Henry Perkins was also known as an accomplished scholar and that he will long be remembered alongside members of the Dutch and Italian Renaissance. The article compares Henry and his library with the following: the Keeper of the Library at Leyden University, Daniel Heinsius (1580-1655); the Fuggers, a prominent group of European bankers and venture capitalists, who employed the librarian Hieronymous Wolf (1516-1580); Niccolo Niccoli (1364-1437) a collector of ancient art objects and classical manuscripts; Bessarion (1403-1472) who opened the path to an anti-metaphysical approach to Aristotelianism; Sir Thomas Bodley (1545-1616) founder of the Bodleian Library; and second only to the book collection of Thomas Grenville, which Grenville had bequeathed to the British Library, though even that is doubtful, says the write [That certainly is an illustrious list to be numbered among.]
Henry Perkins is described in the article as a Bibliophile and Bibliognoste,
‘No man knew more about books than he; no man loved them more for their own sake, and for their contents. A Bibliophile is one who buys books to read and enjoy and a Bibliognoste is an expert in title-pages, editions, presses and places of issue. He was certainly not a Bibliomane or Bibliotaphe. Peter the Great is used as an example of a Bibliomane. When his shelves were built and he was asked what books were wanted the reply was, “Why, big books below and with little books above.” A biblioptaphe would hide his books away under lock and key or displays them in glass-cases.‘.
Let us step back in time to a dinner party that had just finished at the house. Henry, and or Algernon, and his guests retire to the library with their drinks and cigars. Were they admiring, or had their attention drawn towards, the rare and beautiful manuscripts – did they give congratulations on the acquisitions, for example:
Lot 174 - Manuscript on vellum of the 13th Century - embellished with 146 miniature paintings. 2 very thick volumes. 745 leaves. Measuring 17 ½ by 13. View Perkins copy online at the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
Lot 534 - A splendid manuscript of French execution, on vellum, 15th Century, in the style of the celebrated Bedford Missal. Measuring 8 ¾ by 6 ¼. View Perkins copy online at the British Library
Lot 864 Biblia Sacra Latina, the ‘Mazarine’ Bible, bible on vellum,1450-55,
‘In contemplating this work, the mind is lost in astonishment that the inventors of printing should by a single effort have exhibited the perfection of their art.’
Compare a Gutenberg Bible on vellum and with a paper copy (lot 865 in the Perkins Library) at the British Library. View the paper copy at the The Morgan Library and Museum.
Let’s pause there for a moment… Think of the different societies and organisations of which Henry and Algernon were members, see above. It then becomes clear why the guests were also browsing the more than thirty books on angling or the eighty volumes on agriculture plus books on: astronomy, bees, birds (British, European, Himalayan, Australian, American.), brewing, chemistry, chess, classics, drama, dictionaries, dogs, encyclopaedias, explorers, falconry, farm insect, fiction, geography, history, horsemanship, mechanics, music scores, natural history, navigation, physics, poetry, religion, seamanship, theatre, travel, trees, veterinary medicine; books which Henry would point out as being useful in whatever endeavours his guests were undertaking.
The Perkins Library, therefore, was not just a collection of rare and beautiful books but was also partly a working library of reference works. Perhaps Algernon was not as interested as his father was in acquiring more books, although, there were at least twenty included that were published after Henry’s death; his additions show that Algernon did care, in some way, for the library. Perhaps the guests would then drift to browse the museum or to study the night sky in the observatory.[53]
During November 1830, posters were seen across the Hundred of Spelthorne, they contained details of a meeting held on 15th November at the Black Dog Inn, Bedfont, Mx. Henry Perkins was present as a member of the committee, along with the Magistrates, Gentlemen, Farmers and Yeomen of the Hundred of Spelthorne: Stanwell, Bedfont, Feltham, Hanworth, Hampton, Sunbury, Shepperton, Laleham, Staines, Ashford, Teddington, Heston, Harmondsworth. The meeting had been called to address the recent arson attack, on the premises of Francis and Matthew Sherborn of Bedfont, on 9th November [Fawns Manor, Bedfont]. [54] [Posters were used as a quick and simple method of informing the general public of important news, events, sales etc.]
The following resolutions were agreed at the meeting:
· Number 1 - ‘It was occasioned by Incendiaries (arsonists) who are strangers, and not any of the poor of this parish or in the neighbourhood.’
· Number 2 – They are very angry that the Incendiaries are trying to agitate the local labour force and to cause stress and harm.
· Number 3 - states that they will do everything in their power to catch the law breakers.
· Number 4 - instructs all Constables and Police Officers to keep a look out for strangers and to apprehend every suspicious character.
· Number 5 - will establish a Night Watch and recommends that all farmers and occupiers do the same.
· Number 6 - Subscriptions will be taken to defray the costs of prosecutions and to offer rewards to informants.[55]
Why were the great and the good of the Hundred of Spelthorne called to a meeting to discuss an arson attack on a single premises in one of their parishes? How did they come to the resolution that the Incendiaries were from outside their Hundred. Why would they believe that there might be ‘strangers and suspicious characters’ in the area? The answers to those questions are to be found in the social unrest among agricultural labourers in England during 1830/1. [The history of the unrest has been documented by various historians both in books and online; the original letters are at The National Archives and free to download – to understand fully the build-up, the actions and the aftermath of the Swing Riots please follow the footnotes and further reading recommendations.]
Social unrest began in Kent during August 1830, and spread across the southern counties - named the ‘Swing Riots’, from threatening letters sent to local farmers, landowners, Overseers of the poor, Vicars, churchwardens and others and signed: ‘Captain Swing’, a fictitious character. The term ‘riots’ was used as, although the Bedfont arson attack was carried out by a person or persons unknown, in some parishes there had been mobs of up to 400 people. The letters demanded certain actions that if not carried out would result in premises, barns or hay-ricks being burnt and or threshing machines being destroyed. The demands were generally for higher wages, for example: half a crown a day (12.5p) and full-time employment.[56] The demands were not always met and arson attacks and attacks on threshing machines were carried out.
An example of the letters received are two that were left at the Black Dog Inn, Bedfont, one addressed to Rev Dr Robert Jones, Vicar of Bedfont and one addressed to Mr Evans, Churchwarden. Dr Jones’ letter stated that, ‘If he did not do something for the numerous poor of the parish… we mean to serve you as we did your neighbour.’, and also includes threats to his family. Mr Evans’ letter threatened arson if he did not employ more hands [workers] to help the starving poor. The letters were referring to the recent arson attack at Bedfont, as discussed in the meeting at the Black Dog Inn. The Rev Jones wrote a letter in response (recipient unknown) in which he asks for government aid as '…violence is threatened to my children certainly from no fault of their Father’. He states the poor have 'good wages and constant work - in addition to every attention & relief in sickness', while the amount of the vicarage has never exceeded £250 per year.’.’[57]
Were the agricultural labourers unreasonable in their demands? In many instances, they were worse off in the 1830s than they had been in the late 1700s. Poor harvests in 1829/30 just added to their plight.[58] The labourers, prior to the Enclosure Acts, had been able to supplement their wages with the right to graze their livestock on common land and to collect wood and turf for fuel. In the 1800s they had to rely upon sporadic wages for their food and fuel, without access to common land. The agricultural labourers would have depended on the annual harvests for wages, where they would be employed to thresh by hand, hence their antagonism to threshing machines.
The labourers of the Hundred of Spelthorne, and surrounding areas, would have been made aware of the subscribers listed in the poster, and of the amount each subscriber offered, which may have been the catalyst for the letters to the Rev Jones and Mr Evans. Henry Perkins pledged £100.00; Francis and Matthew Sherborn together pledged £100.00. The Rev. Jones, who stated that he only received £250.00 per year, pledged £50.00. The total pledged was £3,866.00 [equivalent today: £340,000.00]. Are you wondering how many agricultural labourers at 12½p per day £3,866, could employ in one day? The answer is 30, 928 men in one day, 5154 men for one 6 day week, or 99 men for one year.
The historian, Eric J. Evans, states:
‘They understood that an old order, in which peasants and labourers held a humble but recognized and unchallenged place, had been supplanted by a new in which they were of little account.’[59]
The Illustrated London News of 1847 states that the Barclay, Perkins Brewery was the largest brewery in the world, mainly brewing porter but also ale. Dr Johnson in reference to the brewery is quoted: “The potentiality of growing rich beyond the dreams of avarice.”[60]
The brewery, known as ‘The Anchor Brewery’, covered twelve acres - it stretched from Southwark Bridge halfway to London Bridge. Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre is reported to have been on the site. The Brewery burnt down in 1832 and efforts were made to rebuild as quickly as possible, on a much larger scale and with modern machinery.
The following are some of the facilities that were at the Anchor Brewery:
· chimney for the furnace – nineteen feet below ground - extending 110’ above,
· covered bridge connecting premises on New Park Street,
· wharf on Bankside,
· the Great Brewhouse, which Dodd describes as being equal in size to Westminster Hall.[61] [Westminster Hall, Houses of Parliament - a length of almost four cricket pitches end-to-end.]
· Porter Store - 180 vats in sixteen storehouses - the largest contains 108,000 gallons,
· Engine House – Boulton and Watt Steam Engines – 45 and 30 horse power,
· two water reservoirs - forty feet in length - made of cast iron – filled with water from the Thames,
· cooperage,
· well – 367’ deep,
· stables – nearly 300’ in length - for 200 dray horses,
· Blacksmith and Harness makers’ shops,
· standing army of cats - forty-five - the cats are regularly fed and maintained,
· dwelling house and laboratory for their Veterinary Surgeon and
· Painting House – 600-700 boards [advertisements] supplied to victuallers per year.
‘They are liberal benefactors to every good and great work of their country and their district; and it would be impossible to point out any masters who are more considerate of the welfare of those parties to whom their interests are entrusted.’[62]
A visit to the brewery was by invitation only. Among the many people granted a visit where: Ibrahim Pacha and Prince Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. [That must have been interesting for Henry as he had various books on Napoleon Bonaparte, see page fifty-seven of the catalogue.] Visitors were said to ‘wonder at its extent, be in admiration of its completeness and that even Londoners were impressed:
‘In one notorious incident, the Austrian General Julius Jacob von Haynau - known as “the hangman” for his brutal suppression of uprisings in Italy and Hungary – toured the London brewery in 1850. News of his presence spread, and a crowd of local residents gathered, booing and heckling him, ripping his clothes and even flogging him with brooms. An eyewitness recalled: “Nearly all the labourers and draymen ran out with brooms and dirt, shouting ‘Down with the Austrian butcher’ and other epithets of rather an alarming nature to the marshal.”’ [The Barclays Archives][See further reading for ballads written to describe the event]
Charles Dickens referred to the brewery in David Copperfield. The impressibly optimistic Micawber family consider the brewery trade to be idea employment for Mr Micawber,
‘‘I will not conceal from you, my dear Mr. Copperfield,’ said Mrs. Micawber, ‘that I have long felt the Brewing business to be particularly adapted to Mr. Micawber. Look at Barclay and Perkins! Look at Truman, Hanbury, and Buxton! It is on that extensive footing that Mr. Micawber, I know from my own knowledge of him, is calculated to shine; and the profits, I am told, are e-NOR-MOUS! But if Mr. Micawber cannot get into those firms—which decline to answer his letters, when he offers his services even in an inferior capacity—what is the use of dwelling upon that idea?”
As this article concerns the Perkins family at Hanworth Park, I refer you to George Dodd’s, book, ‘Days at the Factories or the Manufacturing Industry of Great Britain…’ (1843). Dodd devoted a chapter to Barclay, Perkins Brewery, Southwark - its layout and brewing processes; he followed the process through the buildings and describes each building in detail. [Also, see the further reading section below.][63]
It was reported in the Illustrated London News that Henry’s total worth was £180,000, equivalent today: £16,520,000.00.[66] Algernon, after the tragic death of young Henry, became the principal beneficiary.
Henry’s executors were his brother, Frederick Perkins, of Chipstead, Kent; Thomas Marson, solicitor and Edward Garrett.
Algernon received the ‘mansion house’ at Hanworth and the manor and lordship. Immediately on Henry’s death, Algernon was to receive £80,000, equivalent today: £7,343,000.00+[67]. Henry’s three fourths of his one eighth share in Barclay Perkins Brewery passed to Algernon. Algernon had previously received one fourth of Henry’s one eighth share in the brewery in 1833.
Henry’s other family members were also well cared for; his three daughters received an equal share of his trust monies as an annual income. He stipulated the following for Sophia, Matilda and Selina, the money was for their sole separate use independently and exclusively of their present or any future husband. The money will go to her children after her death’
Elizabeth Randall is also well cared for (which is pleasing to hear.) She is noted in Henry’s will as ‘Elizabeth Randall, commonly called Elizabeth Perkins’. Immediately at the time of Henry’s death she was to receive £1,000.00 plus £300.00 for the purchase of plate (cutlery, plates, dishes etc.), thereafter Elizabeth was to receive £800.00 annually, [The relative value today from £91,790.00, £27,540.00 and £73, 430.00.][68]
Henry was adamant that Elizabeth be well provided for and his will includes the following:
‘If the yearly dividends from the 3% annuities shall not during Elizabeth Randall’s life amount to £800.00 Trustees must demise or mortgage etc to meet the amount.’
One member of Henry’s household staff was remembered in his will, James Harlick, Henry’s butler, he was to receive ‘£500.00 as a token of his sense of his services, provided he be living with me at my decease’, [The relative value today from £45,900.00.[69] ] James is listed in the censuses for 1841 and 1851 as part of Henry’s household, though he is listed as ‘servant’ in the 1851 census rather than ‘butler’.[70]
Algernon, and his wife Sophia, had no direct heirs. His bequests to Sophia included a leasehold house, No 26, Waterloo Crescent, Dover and the following:
‘To my dear wife Sophia Clementina all her own jewellery all my china glass linen books pictures print wines liquors & other consumable articles & my household furniture & effects in my dwelling house No 81 Harley St, Cavendish Sq, Mddx & all my plate plated articles carriages, carriage horses saddles bridles & harness belonging thereto.’
Sophia also received two bequests of money, one being: ‘£500 within 1 month of my decease & £3000 after 6 months.’, plus:
‘An annual sum of £3000 to my wife by equal half yearly payments for her life for her sole & separate use, free from the debts control & engagements of any husband & that her receipts effectual to those paying the same.’ Equivalent today: £43,850.00 and £263,100.00.
Hanworth was inherited by Algernon’s nephews, Raymond South Paley, son of Algernon’s sister, Mrs Sophia Paley and John Bagot Scrivens, son of Algernon’s sister Mrs. Selina Scriven.
To his niece’s husband John Lovell Robinson, Algernon bequeathed the ‘living at Hanworth’
(husband of Susanna Mary Scriven, daughter of Mrs Selina Scriven); i.e. he became the Vicar of St. George’s, Hanworth.
Algernon was also very generous to his staff and workers:
· Frederick Keen, Gamekeeper, (whose wife, as noted above, had been killed by a lightning strike) received £800.00. The Keens had been in the Perkins household since at least 1851. Frederick must have been frugal with his money as by the time of the 1891 census he was ‘living on own means’. £800.00 equivalent today: £70,160.00.[72]
· George Keen, Under Gamekeeper (brother to Frederick), received £250.00, equivalent today: £21,930.00.
· William Sealy, Lodge Keeper, received £250.00, and in the case of his death, his wife was to receive the bequest; by the time of the 1871 census William was 87 years old and noted as a gardener living in the Lodge.[73]
· Eliza [Elizabeth] Sanby, Housekeeper, received £250.00, Eliza had been in the employ of the Perkins family since at least 1851, when she was noted as a General Servant working under a Housekeeper, and in 1861 as a Housemaid; she did well for herself working her way to Housekeeper.[74]
I think you’ll agree that Henry and Algernon were not gambling away their money; they were both scholars and learned men: interested in supporting their local community, innovations in agriculture, the sciences, and various charities, plus their reference books mentioned above cover many and varied interests. The house had a museum and observatory, which is also reflected in the reference books in the Great Library at Hanworth.
Gadsden, Ellis & Co.
Whole area 468 Acre
Very remarkable old gardens, planted and laid out with artificial waterfall and lakes in the original style of the 16th century, plantations and underwoods. [Note: Tho. Cottington remodelled in 1629]
Entrance Lodges, shooting box, gardeners’ and keepers’ cottages.
Stabling, coach houses.
In the village several enclosures of arable land together with six cottages.
The advowson and next presentation to the Rectory of Hanworth, rectory house, paddock and grounds, the Manor of Hanworth.
A desirable and pleasant promenade [verandah]
Avenues of lime and chestnut
Enclosure of glass forming a desirable and pleasant promenade at all seasons of the year.
Wing – 4 servants bedrooms
First floor Wing – 2 bachelors rooms, large linen room, Butler’s bedroom
Suite of 6 bedrooms and 5 dressing rooms
Entrance hall – 18 x 15, inlaid with black marble and marbled walls – 2 French casement windows.
Dining Room 26 x 16’ 6” opens to colonnade
Ante room – 25’ 6” x 13’ Fitted as an observatory and museum.
Library or Music Room – 55’ 6” x 25’ 6” Height 17’ – overlooking geometrical garden – from which may be reached the Tower and Observatory. – left wing
Drawing room – elegant – overlooking Rosary and Park
Morning room, smoking room, bath room &c.
Large sitting room, servants hall, Housekeeper’s room, kitchen, scullery, Butler’s pantry, 2 larders, dairy, Footmans’ and under-butlers’ bedrooms, store rooms, large wine, beer and coal cellars.
Fire-proof strong room
Apparatus and flues for warming the mansion
In a paved yard, with brick walls and gateway entrance: Bakehouse; knife, store, wood and coal houses; well-house with powerful engine pump; tanks on top of house and in office buildings for supply of water; large woodhouse for heating library with hot air &c.
60’ staircase
Clock strikes: hours, half and quarter.
Views : across eight counties, Windsor Castle, Virginia Water, Ascot and Epsom grandstands, Surrey Hills.
Paved courtyard with stabling
short distance from House, enclosed by folding gates., large double coach houses; Saddle and harness rooms, Coachman’s dwelling, Groom’s rooms, Lofts, Cow sheds.
Water for Mansion supplied by well
Trees and shrubs are named, lawns, Rosary, Dutch and geometrical garden; aviary or pheasantry, famous rookery.
Named trees, artificial streams, ponds, fish.
Tower, 5 rooms, with larder, scullery, yard
3 rooms, kitchen, wash-house &c.
Beneath a large mound at S.E. of estate.
Fruit and vegetable gardens [near old manor house or …]
Apple, pear, fig; brick wall nearly ¼ mile with peach, nectarine, apricot, fig.
Large Stove house. Old pear trees, vineries early & late, peach house.
50/51 Conservatory, greenhouse, + 2 other plant houses; forcing ground: muscat, fig, banana houses, three pine stoves, cucumber house, range of pits, mushroom house, fruit room.
Under-gardeners’ rooms; potting & furnace sheds.
Melon ground with 4 room cottage
Paint room, potting shed, men’s rooms.
Head gardener’s office.
2 bed, sitting room, kitchen, wash-house, cellar &c.
Jack, perch and other fish.
Bailiff’s House and offices near church and gardens: 8 bedrooms, hall, 5 sitting rooms, w.c., kitchens, servants’ halls & other domestic offices; cellarage in basement.
11 stables with lofts, coach house, straw yard, fatting stall, cow house, large barn, piggeries, granary &c.
carpenters shop & enclosed saw pit, bulls yard, slaughter house, 4 room cottage, cart & implement sheds.
centre of estate – rearing game
Shooting box: 2 beds 2 sitting rooms, kitchen, laundry, 2 wash houses, drying & ironing room.
Sheds, rearing game, dog kennels, boiling house, sheep washing pool and eel trap.
Arable land: corn growing, turnip yielding, hay.
‘The arable land is some of the best corn growing and turnip yielding in the County, while the pasture and meadows produce excellent hay crop, and the whole estate having been liberally farmed most liberally by the late owner for many years in the highest possible state of cultivation’.
‘The estate is within easy distance of the meets of her Majesty’s and Surrey Staghounds, and likewise of the Surrey Fox Hounds Sir Bateson Harvey’s Harriers.[75]
__________________________________________
With grateful thanks to:
Emmy Eustace for her kind permission to use ‘A genealogical abstract of the probate of Henry Perkin 1855’, and ‘A genealogical abstract of the probate of Algernon Perkins 1872’, and also for the information on the following: Elizabeth Randall, Major Edward Bagot, the date and nature of Henry’s death and Henry’s granddaughter and marriage.
Nicholas Harding and Benedict Fenwick for the use of information from their website, Fenwicks of Lambton. It includes a Perkins family tree, copious notes on individuals, plus information on Barclay Perkins Brewery.
Linda Pogson for supplying me with copies of the 1873 Sale brochure for Hanworth Park House.
Gary Cottle [Owner of HPH] for the subscription to the British Newspaper Archives.
Nigel Clark, Emmy Eustace and Nick Harding for proof-reading.
The National Archives
Home Office, Counties Correspondence, Dorset-Huntingdon, HO 52/7/82, f. 182, A poster recording the resolutions made at a meeting of the magistrates,...; 15Nov1830.
Home Office, Counties Correspondence, Kent-Middlesex., HO 52/8/271 fo.634-635 Letter from The Reverend Robert Jones, Vicarage, Bedfont near Staines,...
London Metropolitan Archives
P92/SAV/0411, faculty for the removal of bodies of Hy. Perkins (D. 1827) and Susannah Perkins (D. 1830) from vault in St Saviours to the parish church of Hanworth, Middlesex, 07Nov1855. [Sep2018].
DRO/018/H/02/025 The Mansion - Hanworth Park, 1873
Lambeth Archives, Thornhill, Henrietta Diaries of., IV/81/4-6. link
The British Newspaper Archive
Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, Sunday, 24 May 1840; Sunday 06 July 1845; Sunday, 25 May 1856; Sunday, 21 June 1857.
Brighton Gazette, Thursday 04 Sep 1845.
John Bull, 06 Oct 1839.
Cambridge Independent Press, Saturday, 17 June 1871.
Clerkenwell News, Friday, 06 June 1862.
Cork Constitution, Thursday, 02 Feb 1826.
Clonmel Herald, Wednesday 30 May 1832.
Daily Telegraph & Courier (London), Monday, 09 June 1873. auction
Dublin Medical Press, 24 July 1861, p 78.
The Era, Sunday, 20 March 1842.
The Evening Chronicle, Monday, 27 April 1846.
Illustrated London News, Saturday, 23 Jun 1849, 06Feb1847, Saturday, 08 September, 1855.
Leeds Mercury, Thursday, 08 May 1873. auction
London Daily News, Saturday 25 April 1846.
London Evening Standard, Thursday 24 Mar 1842; Friday 20 February 1846.
Morning Advertiser, Friday 14 Nov 1851.
Morning Post, Monday 04 Apr 1803; Thursday, 09 May 1839, Monday 17 Jan 1842; Tuesday 01August 1843; Tuesday, 07 May 1844; Tuesday 13 December 1859; Monday, 10August 1863; Friday 03 Jan 1873; Monday 07 December 1885.
Newry Telegraph, Wednesday, 12 August 1863.
Ottawa Citizen, Dec 20 1869, p.3., [01Apr2019.]
Oxford Journal, Saturday, 3 0June 1827.
Oxford University and City Herald, Saturday, 12 February 1831.
Perthshire Courier, Thursday, 17 September 1835.
Royal Cornwall Gazette, Saturday, 31 July 1824.
South London Chronicle, Saturday, 25 November 1871.
The Star, Tuesday, 07 December 1869.
Surrey Comet, Saturday, 14 June 1873.
Sussex Advertiser, Monday, 09 July 1838.
Sussex Agricultural Express, Saturday, 16 May 1857.
West Middlesex Herald, Saturday, 04 August 1860.
Windsor and Eton Express, Saturday 18 Jun 1840; Saturday, 30th May 1846; Saturday, 01 June 1861; Saturday, 17 December 1864.
Magazines , Periodicals And Journals
The Journal of The English Agricultural Society, (Vol 1, Part 1), (London, John Murray, 1839), pp CLVI,CX11. [13Feb2018] link
Freemasons Magazine and Masonic Mirror, London, Saturday 26 May, 1860., no. 47, p. 401 [01Apr2019].
The Freemasons' Quarterly Review, Sept. 30, 1850; p. 98. link
The Freemasons' Quarterly Review, June 30, 1836: p. 68. link
The Sportsman, Vol 1V, (Jan to June 1838), (London, Joseph Rogerson, 1838), pp. 53, 233. [17Nov2018] link
The Spectator, Volume the Seventeenth, week-ending Saturday January 6th, 1844. link
Books
Dodd, George., ‘Days at the Factories’, (London, Charles Knight, 1843). link
Eric J Evans, “The Forging of the Modern State: Industrial Britain 1783-1870”, (London, Longman, 2001).
Guest, M. and Boulton W., Memorials of The Royal Yacht Squadron, (London, John Murray, 1903); pp.64, 66, 99, 194/5, 427. link
J.L. Hammond & .B.B. Hammond, “The Village labourer, 1760-1832: A Study in the Government of England before the Reform Bill.” (London, Longmans, Green and Co., 1920), p. 223.
Emails
Emmy Eustace, A genealogical abstract of the probate of Henry Perkin 1855, (email dd. 11Feb2018); A genealogical abstract of the probate of Algernon Perkins 1872, (email dd. 09Feb2018).
Websites
Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk.,
1841 census, HO/107/718/8/17. [Henry]
1841 census, HO/107/718/8/18. [Olden]
1851 census, HO/107/1696/152/1. [Sanby]
1851 census, HO107/1696/154/2-5. [Keen]
1851 census, HO/107/1632/281.[Henry, Dover]
1861 census, RG9/72/148. [Algernon]
1861 census, RG9/763/88, 89. [Frederick Keen], [Elizabeth Sanby]
1871 census, RG10/158/35. [Algernon]
1871 census, RG10/1304/4/24.
1871 census, RG10/1304/22/14. [Sealy]
1891 census, RG12/1015/24/15. [Keen]
Dictionary of National Biography, vol 15, p.891.
England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1837-1915, 1885, Kensington, 1A/131.
London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, Westminster, St. Marylebone, 1834-1837.
London, England, Church of England Baptisms, Marriages and Burials, 1538-1812, Camden, St Giles in the Fields, 1800-1809.
England, Select Births and Christenings, 1538-1975.
London, England, Church of England, Deaths and Burials, 1813-2003, Hounslow, Hanworth, 1819-1927, p 56.
England & Wales National Probate Calendar, (Index of wills and Administrations), 1858-1995.
Barclays, home.barclays., From the archives: Barclay Perkins Brewery, (Aug 2017), [Apr2019]https://home.barclays/news/2017/08/from-the-archives-barclay-perkins-brewery/
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FURTHER READING
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Brewery History, breweryhistory.com., London N1 - Barnsbury, 64 Barnsbury Road: King Edward VII (former) (formerly Kings Head) Brewery: Barclay Perkins & Co Ltd, Anchor Brewery, Park Street, Southwark, London SE1 (May 2017), [Apr2019]. http://www.breweryhistory.com/Defunct/Pics/LondonN1KingEdwardVII.htm
Museum of London, museumoflondonprints.com., https://www.museumoflondonprints.com/search/keywords/Barclay%20and%20Perkins'
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A map of the provinces of Delhi, Agrah, Oude, and Ellahabad : comprehending the countries lying between Delhi and the Bengal-provinces. https://www.lib.umich.edu/online-exhibits/exhibits/show/india-maps/item/5142?exhibit=136&page=1193
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The Bell Inn, Hampton. https://www.thebellinnhampton.co.uk/
Bessarion Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Basil [Cardinal] Bessarion First published Mon Aug 27, 2018, (Eva Del Soldato, 2018) https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bessarion/
Bodley, Thomas Sir., Oxford University archives, Bodleian Libraries, University of OXford, Commemorating Sir Thomas Bodley's death (28 January 2009) https://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/oua/news/2009/2009_jan_28
Bonaparte, Prince Louis https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/blue-plaques/napoleon-iii/
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ballads.bodleain.ox.ac.uk., Round Number V5188, V5189, http://ballads.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/search/?query=Perkins%20&type=Ballad%20Works
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The Linnean Society. https://www.linnean.org/the-society
London Museum of Water and Steam, Boulton and Watt Engine, Boulton and Watt Steam Engines
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[1] Oxford Journal, Saturday, 30June1827.
[2] Morning Post, Monday, 17th January 1842.
[3] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1851 census, HO/107/1632/281.
[4] Emmy Eustace, email, May 2019.
[5] Ibid., London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, Westminster, St. Marylebone, 1834-1837.
[6] Evening Chronicle, 27th April, 1846.
[7] London Metropolitan Archives, P92/SAV/0411, faculty for the removal of bodies of Hy. Perkins (D. 1827) and Susannah Perkins (D. 1830) from vault in St Saviours to the parish church of Hanworth, Middlesex, 07Nov1855. [Sep2018].
[8] Lambeth Archives, IV/81 - Diaries of Henrietta Thornhill, IV/81/4-6.
[9] Measuring Worth, measuringworth.com., Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present, (2019), [Jan2019].
[10] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1841 census, HO/107/718/8/17; 1851 census, HO/107/1632/281.
[11] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1861 census, RG9/72/148; 1871 census, RG10/158/35.
[12] Windsor and Eton Gazette, Saturday, 20 June 1840.
[13] Ibid., 01 June 1861.
[14] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1861 census, RG9/763/88, 89.
[15] Dublin Medical Press, 24 July 1861, p 78.
[16] Oxford University and City Herald, Saturday, 12 February 1831; Measuring Worth
[17] Windsor and Eton Express, Saturday, 17 December 1864; Measuring Worth
[18] The Freemasons' Quarterly Review, June 30, 1836; p. 68.
[19] Ibid., September 30, 1850; p. 98.
[20] Freemasons Magazine and Masonic Mirror, London, Saturday 26 May, 1860., no. 47, p. 401
[21] Morning Post, Monday, 10 August 1863; Newry Telegraph, Wednesday, 12 August 1863.
[22] The Star, Tuesday, 07 December 1869.
[23] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk, Dictionary of National Biography, vol 15, p.891; The Geological Society, geolsocarchives.org.uk., 4 - GSL/L/R/4 - Secretary's In Letters, 1838- 1839, Letter from Henry PERKINS, GSL/L/R/4/198 16Apr1839.
[24] Morning Post, Tuesday 13 December 1859.
[25] Clerkenwell News, Friday, 06 June 1862.
[26] Linnean Society, Certificates of Recommendation of the following individuals to be elected as a Fellow, Associate or Foreign Member of the Linnean Society, CR/38, 1825.
[27] West Middlesex Herald, 4th August 1860.
[28] Morning Post, Tuesday 01August 1843.
[29] Royal Yacht Squadron, rys.org.uk., THE ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON - A HISTORY, (nd), [May 2019]
[30] Guest, M. and Boulton W., Memorials of The Royal Yacht Squadron, (London, John Murray, 1903); pp.64, 66, 99, 194/5, 427.
[31] Royal Cornwall Gazette, Saturday, 31 July 1824; Cork Constitution, Thursday, 02 Feb 1826.
[32] John Bull, 06 Oct 1839.
[33] Windsor and Eton Express, Saturday, 30th May 1846; Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1841 census, HO/107/718/8/18.
[34] London Evening Standard, Friday 20 February 1846.
[35] South London Chronicle, Saturday, 25 November 1871.
[36] The Sportsman, Vol 1V, (Jan to June 1838), (London, Joseph Rogerson, 1838), pp. 53, 233. [17Nov2018].
[37] Sussex Agricultural Express, Saturday, 16 May 1857; Measuring Worth.
[38] British History Online, british-history.ac.uk.,'Sport, ancient and modern: Angling', in A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 2, General; Ashford, East Bedfont with Hatton, Feltham, Hampton With Hampton Wick, Hanworth, Laleham, Littleton, (ed. William Page, London, 1911), pp. 267-270.
[39] Lee Jackson, Victorian London, victorianlondon.org., Victorian London - Entertainment and Recreation - Sport – Angling,(nd), [23May2019].
[40] Morning Post, Thursday, 09 May 1839; Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, Sunday, 24 May 1840.
[41] Measuring Worth, measuringworth.com., op. cit.
[42] London Evening Standard, Thursday 24 Mar 1842.
[43] Morning Post, Tuesday, 07 May 1844; Measuring Worth.
[44] The Perkins Library had three copies of Walton and Cotton’s Complete Angler , lots 716,7 8.
[45] Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, 06 July 1845.
[46] Illustrated London News, Saturday, 23 Jun 1849.
[47] Bell’s Life in London and Sporting Chronicle, Sunday, 25 May 1856.
[48] Ibid., Sunday, 21 June 1857.
[49] Measuring Worth, measuringworth.com., op. cit.
[50] Ibid.
[51] https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015033659221&view=1up&seq=173
[52] The Daily Telegraph, Monday, June 9, 1873.
[53] Perkins Library, Hathi Trust, babel.hathitrust.org., The Perkins library. A catalogue of the very valuable and important... Perkins, Henry, 1778-1855; (1873).
[54] The National Archives, Counties Correspondence, Dorset-Huntingdon, HO 52/7/82, f. 182, A poster recording the resolutions made at a meeting of the magistrates,...; 15Nov1830.
[55] Ibid.
[56] J.L. Hammond & .B.B. Hammond, “The Village labourer, 1760-1832: A Study in the Government of England before the Reform Bill.” (London, Longmans, Green and Co., 1920), p. 223.
[57] The National Archives, Counties Correspondence, Kent-Middlesex., HO 52/8/271, Ff. 634-635. Letter from The Reverend Robert Jones, Vicarage, Bedfont near Staines,...; 30Nov1830.
[58] [What caused the poor harvests? I propose that fallout from volcanic eruptions were the problem. ‘Most of the particles spewed from volcanoes cool the planet by shading incoming solar radiation. The cooling effect can last for months to years depending on the characteristics of the eruption.’ The artist J.M.W. Turner, among others, depicted volcanic sunsets in England, before and during the time of the social unrest – discussed in ‘Atmospheric effects of volcanic eruptions as seen by famous artists and depicted in their paintings’.]
[59] Eric J Evans, “The Forging of the Modern State: Industrial Britain 1783-1870”, (London, Longman, 2001), p. 178.
[60] Illustrated London News, 06th June, 1847.
[61] George Dodd, ‘Days at the Factories’, (London, Charles Knight, 1843).
[62] Illustrated London News, 06th June, 1847.
[63] George Dodd, op. cit.
[64] Emmy Eustace, A genealogical abstract of the probate of Henry Perkin 1855, (email dd. 11Feb2018); A genealogical abstract of the probate of Algernon Perkins 1872, (email dd. 09Feb2018).
[65] Ibid.
[66] Measuring Worth, measuringworth.com., op. cit., Illustrated London News, Saturday, 08 September, 1855.
[67] Measuring Worth, Ibid.
[68] Measuring Worth, Ibid.
[69] Measuring Worth, Ibid.
[70] The National Archives, 1841 census, HO/107/718/8/17; 1851 census, HO/107/1632/281.
[71] Emmy Eustace, A genealogical abstract of the probate of Algernon Perkins 1872, (email dd. 09Feb2018).
[72] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1851 census, HO107/1696/154/2-5; 1891 census, RG12/1015/24/15.
[73] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1871 census, RG10/1304/22/14.
[74] Ancestry, ancestry.co.uk., 1851 census, HO/107/1696/152/1; 1861 census, RG9/763/88, 89.
[75] London Metropolitan Archives, DRO/018/H/02/025 The Mansion - Hanworth Park, 1873