Best Python Web Frameworks In 2018

Python language is a highly flexible programming language and valuable for those who want their web app get up and run quickly. Python comes with a number of robust web frameworks to accelerate the development and prototyping process even more. Many developers use these frameworks in order to handle the details of implementation.

Various popular Python web frameworks are out there that include ultralight-weight micro frameworks mainly optimized for building small and specialized tools and robust full-stack options designed for enterprise-level applications.

In this blog, we will explore some of the major Python web development frameworks and their advantages and idiosyncrasies to help businesses in 2018.

Microframework v/s Full-Stack

One should consider the size and the complexity of the project while choosing a web framework. A microframework framework is required if you are working on a small and relatively simple project with low requirements. But if you are trying to obtain a feature-rich web app which can integrate with the rest of your companies' systems, then the full-stack option is a good choice that will save lots of time as well as efforts.

Now the question arises "How much scaffolding you require from a web framework?". A full stack option should have almost everything you need to actually build a working web application, template generators, templates, access control lists, etc. so that your team can assemble the parts as needed.

This is an attractive option for teams that try to put together a product quickly because it allows them to concentrate on the construction of the application and not on the things that surround it. But if you have complex custom requirements or are already working with a lot of custom software, you may not be able to take advantage of all those libraries in the first place.

Microframeworks

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To avoid the hand-holding and complexity of full-stack frameworks, microframeworks came up. In fact, many modern web apps require lots of moving parts that include form validation, database abstraction, and customized access control lists. But there are many web apps present which don't require any of that. For this kind of projects, a microframework is all that is what needed.

Microframeworks are ultra-lightweight frameworks typically designed to make dead simple web apps up and run quickly. Its feature sets are minimal by design: any functionality you can get by installing another library is deliberately omitted.

The positive side of this minimalist approach is that your code can be cleaner and your website faster. This is, at least in part, because microframeworks are generally less abstract than full frameworks. The code you type will be much closer to real HTTP functions than with a more user-friendly framework.

1) Bottle

It is one of the most popular micro frameworks for Python typically designed for creating web APIs and that’s still a good use case for it. This framework tries to implement everything in one single file which actually gives you an idea of how “micro” it’s designed to be. It comes with templating, routing, utilities, and some basic abstraction over the WSGI standard.

However, Flask is the one with which you will be coding much closer to the metal than with a full-stack framework. Ignoring its small size, Bottle is used by the Netflix team to build interactive web interfaces.

2) Flask

It is another most popular micro framework for Python language. Similarly, it is also designed to get web apps up and run quickly. Various big companies like Pinterest, LinkedIn use this. It is most suited for smaller and simple projects. You can also expect built-in unit testing, development web server, and support for Google App Engine.

However, there is no form validation, authentication, database abstraction layer or upload handling. But these features can be added by using extensions.

Moreover, it is more pythonic and mostly sticks to the Python. It is a good option if you value clean code and don’t mind coding closer to the metal.

Full-stack frameworks

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A wide variety of full-stack options out there that include Web2py, TurboGears 2, Pylons. But the most popular is Django.

1) Web2py

It does not support Python 3. Despite its latest version, it is widely used by many major organizations, including a number of international banks. Moreover, it is much easy than Django, extremely portable and more flexible. The same code can run on any VPS with MongoDB or SQL database whether Google App Engine or AWS.

Web2py is extremely compatible with the documentation of a book and a passionate community behind it. Another interesting feature is that Web2py comes with its own IDE that includes a code editor, debugger, error ticket system, one-click implementation and more. If your organization is committed to Python 2 for the foreseeable future or if you plan to use some older Python libraries and software, Web2py could meet your needs.

2) Django

It is the most popular Python framework and easy to understand. From daily newspapers sites to social media and sharing sites, thousands of websites are currently using Django. In order to scale quickly, various startups like Disqus, Eventbrite have switched to this. On the other hand, social media giants like Pinterest, Instagram using it to power their dynamic web apps.

Django is known for being quick to build and friendly for beginning programmers. It is a "battery included" framework, which means that it provides all the critical components you need: template rendering, ORM, authentication, routing, etc. It is also very well documented, which is not necessarily the case with some other popular frameworks. You can even use SQLAlchemy with Django. It can speed up the time it takes to bootstrap a new project.

3) Pyramid

It is considered as the “Goldilocks” framework which is feature-rich and lightweight. Due to its transparency and modularity, it is used by small teams and various tech giants like SurveyMonkey, Dropbox, Yelp, and Mozilla.

Pyramid components can be interchanged. You can choose how to connect to a database, or even what type (or types) of databases you want to be able to connect to. It does not apply certain options for you in the way that Django does, and also discourages the kind of "magic" features that handle certain tasks automatically, but that does not always behave in a predictable or desirable way.

It is often known for its security system through which you can check access control lists. Pyramid’s Traversal system is useful for mapping URLs to code that makes the easy building of Restful APIs.

Other Frameworks

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There are some more Python web frameworks for general use. Here is the list:

1) CubicWeb

It is an interesting framework which is totally different from all the others mentioned above. It is part of the semantic web, which W3C describes as "a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused through applications, businesses and community boundaries".

In simple terms, it is a framework that attempts to represent data in a way that is easier for computers to understand. It replaces MVC's Model and Views part with a unique concept: the data cube that can be used to build other components, something like Docker for the web.

2) Tornado

It is a Python framework specifically designed to solve the C10k problem i.e. it can handle more than 10,000 concurrent connections if configured correctly using asynchronous I / O. This gives it a strong attraction for projects that require high performance and tens of thousands of concurrent users.

3) Falcon

It is a microframework that tries to create API in the cloud. Like other micro frameworks, it keeps dependencies to a minimum and avoids magical characteristics. Unlike other frameworks, however, it is not designed to serve HTML pages. Instead, it's to build fast RESTFULL APIs.

Conclusion:

So far we have seen a complete list of Python web frameworks which would surely be beneficial for upcoming businesses in 2018. After knowing about their advantages and disadvantages, you can take a better decision and can select the best one for your project. However, GitHub repo(https://github.com/mattmakai/compare-python-web-frameworks) also contains the same app written in a host of different frameworks.

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