Demographic data & variables
Introduction
Statistical agencies around the world collect data on demographically relevant events such as birth, marriages and deaths.
Below I will talk about demographic data with a focus on sources for Austria and the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
What is demography?
Many major political challenges result from demographic changes. For instance, the pensions systems in many high-income suffer under a declining ratio of economically active individuals per retiree. This trend is caused by declining birth rates and increasing longevity. Or, some middle-income countries (such as China) have to cope with an excess supply of men, which results from a cultural preference for sons and the wide availability prenatal sex-determination technology.
What is population economics?
Population economics (or demographic economics) is the application of economic analysis to demography.
Demographic data
Statistical agencies around the world collect data on demographically relevant events such as birth, marriages and deaths.
Flow data
Talk about vital statistic data.
Stock data
Talk about census data.
Demographic variables
Give some prelims on crude rates
Fertility
- Crude birth rate (CBR)
- Number of live births (B) divided by the mid-year population (P)
- CBR = (B/P)*1,000
- Below you can see the CBR for Austria in the period between 1871 an d2014
- General fertility rate (GFR)
- Number of live births divided by the mid-year femal population in childbearing age (F)
- GFR = (B/F)*1,000
- Total fertility rate (TFR)
- Measures the fertility of an imaginary group of women who pass through their fictitious reproductive lives subject to the rates of child-bearing experienced by real women in a given year.
- Below you can see the TFR for Austria in the period between 1970 and 2008
- Lifetime fertility
- Illegitimacy ratio
Mortality
- Crude death rate (CDR)
- Number of deaths (D) divided by the mid-year population (P)
- CDR = (D/P)*1,000
- Sex-specific death rates
- Age-specific death rates
- Life expectancy
- Infant mortality rate
Marriage
- Crude marriage rate (CMR)
- Number of marriages (M) divided by the mid-year population (P)
- CMR = (M/P)*1,000
- General marriage rate
- Number of marriages divided by the mid-year population in marriagable age (A)
- GMR = (B/A)*1,000
- Total marriage rate (TMR)
Divorce
- Crude divorce rate (CDR)
- Number of divorce (D) divided by the mid-year population (P)
- CDR = (D/P)*1,000
- General divorce rate
- Number of divorce divided by the mid-year population in marriagable age (A)
- GMR = (B/A)*1,000
- Total divorce rate (TDR)
Immigration
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Sources for demographic data from Austria
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Sub-section 4.1
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Sub-section 2.2
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international Sources for demographic data from Austria
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UN Demograohic Yearbook
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Eurostat Population Database
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