Carbon minerals
Graphite polymorphs
Diamond
Mineral name: diamond
Discovery: India
＊References＊
Kunz G. F. 1888. Science 11:118–119. (First discovery in a stony meteorite)
Bundy F. P., Hall, H. T., Strong H. M., and Wentorf Jr. R. H. 1955. Nature 176:51–54. (First synthesis)
DeCarli P. S. and Jamieson J. C. 1961. Science 133:1821–1822. (First shock-wave synthesis)
Carbyne-type carbon
Mineral name: chaoite (named after Edward Chao)
Discovery: Ries meteor crater, Germany
＊References＊
El Goresy A. and Donnay G. 1968. Science 161:363–364. (Discovery)
Wurzite-type carbon
Mineral name: lonsdaleite (named after Kathaleen Lonsdale)
Discovery: Barringer meteor crater, Arizona, U.S.A.
＊References＊
Hanneman R. E., Strong H. M., and Bundy F. P. 1967. Science 155:996–997. (Discovery in a meteorite)
Frondel C. and Marvin U. B. 1967. Nature 214:587–589. (Discovery in an impact crater, Described as a new mineral species)
Bundy F. P. and Kasper J. S. 1967. Journal of Chemical Physics 46:3437–3446. (First synthesis)
Trueb L. F. 1968. Journal of Applied Physics 39:4707–4716. (First shock-wave synthesis)
Remarks: Lonsdaleite is also called "hexagonal diamond".
＊References＊
Ferroir T., Dubrovinsky L., El Goresy A., Simionovici A., Nakamura T., and Gillet P. 2010. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 290:150–154. (Discovery)
＊References＊
El Goresy A., Dubrovinsky L. S., Gillet Ph., Mostefaoui S., Graup G., Drakopoulos M., Simionovici A. S., Swamy V., and Masaitis V. L. 2003. Comptes Rendus Geoscience 335:889–898. (Discovery)